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List of horse mills

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This is a list of horse mills that exist or are known to have existed.

Belgium

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Province Location Notes
Antwerp Antwerp Brouwers Huis Museum
Antwerp Ghent Bas relief of a mediaeval horse mill on front of mill. [1]

Channel Islands

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Circular horse-drawn apple crusher (tou d'preinseu) at The Elms, Jersey: a property of the National Trust for Jersey
1840s Whim Gin, original from Langton Colliery. Now at Wollaton hall, Nottingham
Island Location Notes
Jersey The Elms A horse-drawn apple crusher.
Guernsey A horse-powered cider mill is preserved at the Folk museum.

Croatia

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County Location Notes
Vukovar-Srijem County Otok The local horse-powered "dry" mill (Croatian: Otočka suvara) is the symbol of- and is found in the coat of arms of the city. It is the last remaining mill of this type in Croatia.[1]

England

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County Location Notes
Bedfordshire Eversholt A horse engine, now preserved at Billing Mill, Northamptonshire.
Kensworth A donkey wheel from Nash Farm is preserved in Luton Museum and Art Gallery.
Kensworth There was a donkey wheel at Church End Farm.
Sandy Heath A horse powered wash mill was in use at the coprolite mine in the 1870s.
Woburn A horse-driven corn mill.
Berkshire Woolley Park A horse-driven corn mill.
Buckinghamshire Aylesbury A horse wheel and churn are now preserved in the Science Museum (London).
Hawridge A horse mill photographed in 1938 by Stanley Freese.
Cambridgeshire Fen Ditton in 1251 the customary tenants of the bishop of Ely were required to use the horse mill even though other mills were available.
Horningsea A horse-powered mill in 1251.
Little Eversden A horse mill £50 (on the coprolite workings).1871.
Meldreth A horse-powered mill was used to process material from coprolite mine between 1860 and 1890.
Newton-in-the-Isle A horse powered temporary woad mill that was subsequently moved to Parson Drove.
Parson Drove A horse driven temporary woad mill operated in Parson Drove, near Wisbech until the early 20th century. Previously used in Newton-in-the-Isle. Taken down in 1914.[2] model is on exhibition in Wisbech & Fenland museum.[3]
Stretham A horse powered washing mill for the coprolite mine c1870.
Tydd St.Giles A former location of the horse operated temporary woad mill that ended its days at Parson Drove.
Wisbech In 1251 a water mill, a horse mill, at which customary tenants were obliged to grind their corn, and a newly constructed wind mill.[4]
Wisbech In 1813 an excellent second-hand Horse Mill was for sale. Described as consisting of one horse wheel, 18 feet diameter : 2 sour ditto with upright shaft and iron work complete : one pair of stones, 4 feet diameter, and irons complete; stone bed frame, brig tree, stone cases, with hopper, screen, & c. Pump gears, shaft, cranks, and iron work to the same, all in excellent condition. Enquire of Mr. geo. Snarey, millwright, Wisbech.[5]
Cheshire Widnes A horse-powered mill in Widnes in the 13th century.
Cornwall Gwennap A horse whim for raising ore.
Newquay A horse gear for driving a threshing machine is preserved at the Dairyland museum.
Cumberland Cartmel A horse gear is preserved at the Museum of Lakeland Life, Kendal.
Derbyshire Castleton A horse-powered ore crusher stood at SK135835.
Devonshire Bovey Tracey A photo of the horse cider Press in Bovey Tracey. C1940. E.M.Gardiner.
Dunsford Remains of a horse powered cider Press. Lowley Farm.
Harberton A photo of the cider Press in Harberton. c1940.Mills archive.
Scorlinch, Clyst St. Lawrence A horse engine.
Weyland, Tedburn St. Mary A horse-powered mill, extant in the 1920s.
Durham East Herrington A horse-powered mine gin.
Beamish Museum Oak and iron horse mill for threshing in situ in gin gang at Home Farm; unused since ca.1830.
Hampshire Southampton A horse-powered pumping engine in the Weevil Brewery. Built by John Smeaton in 1780.
Herefordshire Bacton A contemporary horse powered cider Press at Fair Oak.[6]
Little Cowarne A horse-powered cider mill located in the oast at Little Cowarne Court.
Hertfordshire Ashridge A donkey wheel.
Isle of Wight Carisbrooke Carisbrooke Castle: a donkey wheel, extant.
Kent Chilham Chilham Castle: a horse wheel driving pumps.
Burham Great Kewlands, a dog wheel for raising water.[7]
West Kingsdown A horse whim, now preserved at the Weald and Downland Open Air Museum, Singleton, Sussex.
Lancashire Preston A horse powered spinning mill.[8]
Lincolnshire Brothertoft A horse powered permanent woad mill. In operation until the early 20th century.
Grimsby A horse operated machine for grinding Malt was offered for sale by Messrs. Simpson & Reavis in 1809.[9]
Spalding A horse powered temporary woad mill. Later relocated and finally taken down at Parson Drove,Cambridgeshire.
Sutterton A horse powered Woad mill.[10]
Whaplode Marsh A horse powered temporary woad mill. Later relocated and finally taken down at Parson Drove, Cambridgeshire.
London A horse-powered pumping engine in the Chiswell Street brewery.
Norfolk Norwich Catton mill: a horse and wind mill.
Earlham Hall: a horse mill.
Heigham: in a tannery
Mill Hill, Heigham: a horse and wind mill.
Pockthorpe mill: a horse and wind mill.
Attleborough Great mill: a horse and wind mill.
King's Lynn Kettle mills: a horse-, wind- and water-mill.[11]
Oulton A horse and wind mill.
Wymondham A horse-powered mill.[12]
Northumberland Berwick Hill A horse gin built in 1814. Now preserved at Beamish Museum.

Cragend Farm Rothbury 1864 OS map A horse gin built earlier shown on OS map in 1864 latterly reconstructed by Loord Armstong of Cragside into a hydraulic machine room using water power.

Nottinghamshire Nottingham A horse powered cotton mill.[13]
Wollaton Park A horse gin built at Langton Colliery in 1844 and later used at Pinxton Colliery.
Oxfordshire Rotherfield Greys. Greys Court: a National Trust property, with a donkey wheel.
Great Tew A horse-powered corn mill.
Suffolk Blythburgh There was a horse wheel at Henham Hall now preserved at the Museum of East Anglian Life in Stowmarket.
Drinkstone. The smock mill formerly had a horse mill in the base.
Surrey Cobham A contemporary horse powered cider mill 'Horse Kick Cider Ltd' since 2016
Painshill A horse wheel used for raising water. In use from 1770 to the 1830s.
Sussex Patching A pug mill, now preserved at the Weald and Downland Open Air Museum, Singleton
Mark Cross a pug mill in a brickyard.
Stanmer A donkey wheel, in the churchyard of Stanmer Church.
Saddlescombe A donkey wheel at the farm, owned by the National Trust.[14]
Wiltshire Broad Hinton A donkey wheel, demolished in 1908.
Tidworth A horse-driven pump, working in the 1930s.
Worcestershire Burlingham A horse-powered cider mill is preserved at Hartlebury Castle.
Yorkshire Hutton-le-Hole A horse mill is preserved at the Ryedale Folk Museum.
Stillington A horse wheel now preserved at Shibden Hall.
Sutton A gorse crushing mill is preserved on the village green.
The horse mill at Wester Kittochside farm near Glasgow

France

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Département Location Notes
Drôme Nyons Les Vieux Moulins à huile, a watermill and also animal-powered mill.[15]
Lot Varaire Moulin à huile, an animal-powered oil mill.[15]
Tarn Magrin Musée du Pastel[15]
Var Pontevès Moulin de Pontevès, produced olive oil.[15]
Vaucluse Gordes Moulin des Bouillons, produced olive oil.[15]
Vaucluse Joucas Le Moulin à huile, produced olive oil.[15]

Hungary

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The Vámosoroszi animal-powered "drymill" (reconstructed)
County Location Notes
Békés Szarvas A mill built in 1836. (Hungarian: szarvasi szárazmalom) is the last remaining horse-powered mill in its condition.[16]
Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg Vámosoroszi A reconstructed horse-powered mill built before 1840. is moved to the Hungarian Open Air Museum in Szentendre.[17]
Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg Tarpa An animal-powered mill reconstructed in 1980s is declared industrial-history landmark[18] and functions as an open-air cultural heritage museum.[19]

Poland

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Voivodeship Location Notes
Lesser Poland Wieliczka Salt Mine[20] Three horse mills: Hungarian- and Saxon-types with vertical rope drums and Polish-type with a horizontal windlass


Scotland

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County Location Notes
Aberdeenshire Gartly A horse mill for crushing gorse for fodder
Ayrshire Titwood Farm, Kilmaurs
Fife Culross Horse-gin built by Sir George Bruce c1590 to raise mine water from his Moat Pit, powered by 3 horses and using 36 buckets on a chain, working to a depth of 40 fathoms, known as the 'Egyptian Wheel'. At least 3 other horse-gins were in use at Culross Colliery between 1590 and 1676.
Lanarkshire Wester Kittochside, East Kilbride. This example is at the Museum of Scottish Country Life and was recently dug out (2005) and partially restored to working condition.
Orkney Garson Farm, Stromness
Selkirkshire Broomhill House,[21] Selkirk Recently restored horse mill
Shetland Lund Farm, Unst A horse gin, probably for powering a thresher in the barn.

Serbia

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Suvača
District Location Notes
North Banat District Suvača, Kikinda Suvača is in 1990 proclaimed as a Monument of Culture of Exceptional Importance.

Spain

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Tefia
Province Location Notes
Canary Islands Tefia, Puerto del Rosario A donkey-powered mill preserved at La Alcogida Ecomuseum

Wales

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County Location Notes
Caernarvonshire Dullog, Rhostryfan, Caernarfon An oblique dog-wheel. Now preserved at the Welsh Folk Museum, St. Fagans, Cardiff
Denbighshire Wrexham Bersham Colliery, a reconstruction of a horse gin.
Monmouthshire Abergavenny A dog-driven spit is preserved in the museum.
Pembrokeshire Penysgwarne Farm, Tremarchog

United States

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State Location Notes
Indiana Bottorff-McCulloch Farm

See also

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Horse mills.

References

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  • Animal-Powered Machines, J. Kenneth Major. Shire Album 128 – Shire Publications 1985. ISBN 0-85263-710-1
  • Water-mills, windmills and horse-mills of South Africa, James Walton. C Struik Publishers, 1974. ISBN 0-86977-040-3
  1. ^ Description of the mill at the community's portal. (in Croatian)
  2. ^ "Woad mill". artuk.org. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  3. ^ A history of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely:vol 4, city of Ely; Ely, N. and S. Witchford and Wisbech pp 197-200. Victoria County History. 2002.
  4. ^ A history of the county of Cambridge and the isle of Ely:vol 4, city of Ely, N. and S.Witchford and Wisbech Hundreds pp243-245. Victoria County History. 2002.
  5. ^ "Capital HORSE MILL to be sold". Cambridge Chronicle and Journal. 11 June 1813. p. 4.
  6. ^ "cider mill". Hereford times. 25 October 2018. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  7. ^ Coles Finch, William (1925). In Kentish Pilgrim Land. London: C W Daniel. p. 26.
  8. ^ "Arkwright". BBC.co.uk. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  9. ^ "To Brewers and others". Stamford Mercury. 5 May 1809. p. 4.
  10. ^ Norman T.Wills (1979). Woad in the Fens. N.T.Wills.
  11. ^ "Margery Kempe". www.bl.uk. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
  12. ^ "Brodick mill". norfolmills.co.uk. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  13. ^ Clark, Peter; Palliser, David Michael; Daunton, Martin J. (20 July 2000). cotton mills. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521431415. Retrieved 12 February 2019. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  14. ^ "Saddlescombe Farm and Newtimber Hill". National Trust. Retrieved 2019-01-20.
  15. ^ a b c d e f Azema, Jean-Pierre (1999). Les Moulins de France. Rennes: Fédération Française des Amis des Moulins. ISBN 2-7373-1673-1.
  16. ^ Description at the local "Tessedik Sámuel" museum. (in Hungarian)
  17. ^ Photostory about the reconstruction of the "dry" mill. (in Hungarian)
  18. ^ Info about the mill with some photographs. (in Hungarian)
  19. ^ Info with GPS coordinates for visitors. (in Hungarian)
  20. ^ "Horse mill".
  21. ^ "Walled Garden, Broomhill House, Selkirk, Scottish Borders".
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