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List of hoards in Romania

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This is a list of hoards in Romania which comprises the significant archaeological hoards of coins, jewellery, metal objects, scrap metal and other valuable items that have been discovered in the territory of present-day Romania.

Neolithic hoards

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Hoard Image Date Place of discovery Year of discovery Current Location Contents
Moigrad Treasure Anthropomorphic idol 4000–3000 BC Moigrad, Sălaj 1912 National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest Anthropomorphic idols, bracelets

Bronze Age hoards

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Hoard Image Date Place of discovery Year of discovery Current Location Contents
Perșinari Treasure Dagger 17th century BC Perșinari, Dâmbovița 1954; 1962[1] National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest 13 Mycenaean gold (electrum) short swords/daggers (total weight 3.5 kg); silver axes[1]
Galeșu Treasure Anthropomorphic idol 1400–1200 BC Galeșu, Constanța 1951 National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest 2 gold diadems
Hinova Treasure Hinova treasure 12th century BC Hinova, Mehedinți National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest gold bracelets, various fragments

Dacian hoards

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Hoard Image Date Place of discovery Year of discovery Current Location Contents
Cucuteni Treasure Helmet from the Cucuteni treasure 5th century BC Cucuteni, Iași 1959 National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest gold helmet, 70 pieces of gold weighing 2.063 kg
Agighiol Treasure Silver helmet from the Agighiol hoard 5th century Agighiol, Tulcea National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest a silver helmet (743 grams), 2 silver greaves (902 and 744 grams), 2 silver bowls, 5 silver phiales, 9 silver appliqués, 3 silver appliqués, 1 necklace[2]
Helmet of Peretu Silver helmet of Peretu 5th century BC Peretu, Teleorman National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest silver helmet (759 grams),[3] other silver artifacts
Stâncești Treasure Mythological figure 5th century BC Stâncești, Botoșani National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest gold Scythian-inspired mythological being (47.8 cm x 9.7 cm, 100 grams)
Helmet of Coţofeneşti Gold helmet of Coţofeneşti 4th century BC Coţofeneşti, Prahova 1929 National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest gold helmet (746 grams),[4] silver beakers
Helmet of Iron Gates or the Detroit Helmet Silver helmet of Iron Gates 4th century BC Iron Gates, Mehedinți Detroit Institute of Arts, United States gold helmet, silver beakers
Craiova Treasure Appliqué 4th century BC unknown National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest silver appliqués, buttons; thought to be connected with the Detroit Helmet and the rhyton at the Metropolitan Museum[5]
Rhyton of Poroina Silver and gold rython 3rd century BC Poroina Mare, Mehedinți National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest silver rhyton, partially gilded (278 grams)[6]
Bunești-Averești Treasure Gold Hellenic diadem from Bunești-Averești 3rd century BC Bunești-Averești, Vaslui National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest
Herăstrău Hoard Silver fibula found in Herăstrău 1st century BC[7] Herăstrău, Bucharest[7] 1938[8] National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest silver coins, silver spiral bracelets, silver bowl[7]
Surcea Hoard Falera 1st century BC Surcea, Covasna National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest 2 phalerae
Rociu Hoard Silver bracelet Rociu, Argeș National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest Silver bracelet
Vârteju Hoard Vârteju, Ilfov[7] National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest 299 silver coins[7]
Sâncrăieni Treasure Silver cup 1st century BC – 1st century AD Sâncrăieni, Harghita 1953[9] National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest 13 silver drinking cups, 2 conical vases, 2 silver bracelets, 1 fibula[9]
Dacian bracelets Gold bracelets 1st century BC – 1st century AD Sarmizegetusa Regia, Hunedoara c.2000 National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest 24 gold bracelets, of which 12 have been recovered by the National Museum
Coada Malului Treasure Fibula from the Coada Malului treasure 100-50 BC Coada Malului, Prahova National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest fibulae, bracelets
Lupu Hoard Dacian coins from Lupu 1st century AD Lupu, Alba 1978[10] National Museum of the Union, Alba Iulia[10] a bronze pot containing 2 silver fibulae, 7 silver phalerae, 1 semispherical cup, a Roman bronze mug[10]

Roman hoards

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Hoard Image Date Place of discovery Year of discovery Current Location Contents
Cislău Hoard Gold medal of Constantius II, 347-355 AD 2nd century Bărăști, Buzău 1987 Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
Hungarian National Museum, Budapest 		244 silver denarii[11]
Treasure of Șimleu Silvaniei Gepid gold necklace with 52 pendant amulets, in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna 300-400 AD Șimleu Silvaniei, Sălaj 1797, 1889 Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
Hungarian National Museum, Budapest 		1st: 17 gold medallions, a gold chain with 52 pendant amulets, 24 gold foil rings, a disk-shaped pendant, a ring, the fragment of a bracelet, and a pendant in the shape of a human figure.

2nd: an onyx fibula, ten pairs of fibulae decorated with gold and jewels, a swearing-in ring and three gold bowls.[12]

Gothic hoards

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Hoard Image Date Place of discovery Year of discovery Current Location Contents
Pietroasele Treasure Gold Patera from the Pietroasele Treasure 250-400 AD Pietroasele, Buzău 1837 National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest a large gold eagle-headed fibula and three smaller ones, a patera, a twelve-sided cup, a ring, a large tray, two other necklaces and a pitcher
Apahida hoard Silver pitcher 4th century AD Apahida, Cluj National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest a silver pitcher, diademas, fibulae, bracelets

Medieval hoards

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Hoard Image Date Place of discovery Year of discovery Current Location Contents
Rotopănești Hoard 6th century Rotopănești, Suceava a Hunnic gold pendant (16.8 grams) with ruby-coloured almandines[13]
Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós Bull's head bowl from the Treasure of Nagyszentmiklós 500-900 AD Sânnicolau Mare, Timiș 1799 Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna 23 gold objects totaling 9.945 kg
Coșoveni hoard Silver helmet of Peretu 5th-6th century AD Coșoveni, Dolj National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest
Dinogetia hoard Gold crucifix of Dinogetia 11th century AD Dinogetia, Galați National Museum of Romanian History, Bucharest Byzantine crucifix, coins
Târgoviște hoard 15th century Târgoviște, Dâmbovița 6284 silver coins[14]
Dolj hoard 16th century Dolj 2013 Muzeului Olteniei, Craiova 1471 silver coins[15]
Șopteriu hoard 17th century Șopteriu, Bistrița-Năsăud 1987 Muzeul Județean Bistrița-Năsăud, Bistrița 3 kg of silver coins, objects of gilded silver, jewelry, a silver scabbard[16]
Râșnov hoard 17th century Râșnov, Brașov 2001 416 silver coins[17]

Modern era hoards

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Hoard Image Date Place of discovery Year of discovery Current Location Contents
Desa hoard c. 1870? Desa, Dolj 2011 Muzeul Olteniei, Craiova 75 gold coins minted between 1848 and 1868[18]

Notes

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  1. ^ a b Biblioteca Academiei: Tezaurul de la Perșinari
  2. ^ Mormântul cu tezaur de la Agighiol, Oameni și Comori, National Museum of Romanian History
  3. ^ Coiful de la Peretu Archived 2013-04-16 at archive.today, Oameni și Comori, National Museum of Romanian History
  4. ^ Coiful de la Coțofenești Archived 2013-04-16 at archive.today, Oameni și Comori, National Museum of Romanian History
  5. ^ Mihai Gramatopol, Tezaurul de la Craiova[permanent dead link‍], in Studia III
  6. ^ Rhyton Archived 2013-04-16 at archive.today, Oameni și Comori, National Museum of Romanian History
  7. ^ a b c d e Georgescu, p. 44
  8. ^ Bunuri culturale mobile clasate în Patrimoniul Cultural Național
  9. ^ a b "Tezaurul din obiecte de argint de la Sâncrăieni" Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine, Jurnalul, September 18, 2009
  10. ^ a b c Dorin Timonea, "Obiecte arheologice, trecute in Tezaur", România liberă, June 12, 2008
  11. ^ Mihai Dima, Eugen-Marius Constantinescu, Tezaurul de la Cislău, cIMeC, 2001, ISBN 973-85287-1-2; p. 5
  12. ^ Barbarian Jewellery and Roman Gold, Kunsthistorisches Museum
  13. ^ Dicționar de istorie veche a României ("Dictionary of ancient Romanian history") (1976) Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, pp. 510
  14. ^ Laurenţiu Rădvan, At Europe's Borders: Medieval Towns in the Romanian Principalities, Brill, 2010, ISBN 9789004180109, p.297
  15. ^ "Tezaur de peste 1.400 de monede de argint, descoperit cu un detector de metale in Dolj de catre un amator pasionat de arheologie", Hotnews, January 16, 2013
  16. ^ "Tezaurul monetar de la Șopteriu: dezvăluit în toată splendoarea sa, la Muzeul Județean", Bistrițeanul, January 8, 2013
  17. ^ "Tezaurul de la Risnov", Evenimentul Zilei, July 4, 2001
  18. ^ "A fost descoperit primul tezaur monetar de aur din Oltenia", Evenimentul Zilei, August 12, 2011

References

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  • Florian Georgescu (coord.), Istoria orașului București, Muzeul de Istorie a Orașului București, 1965

Further reading

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  • Liviu Mărghitan, Zece tezaure carpatine, Editura Ion Creangă, București, 1988
  • Ștefan Burda, Tezaure de aur din România, Editura Meridiane, București, 1979.
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