List of conflicts involving the Texas Military
The history of conflicts involving the Texas Military spans over two centuries, from 1823 to present, under the command authority (the ultimate source of lawful military orders) of four governments including the Texas governments (3), American government, Mexican government, and Confederate government.
Since 1823, Texas forces have undergone many re-designations and reorganizations. For example, the Texas Rangers were a branch of the Texas Military Forces from 1823 to 1935 providing cavalry, special operations, and military police capabilities. Administrative control (ADCON) of the Texas Rangers was transferred from the Texas Military Department to the Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) in 1935 where they now perform duties similar to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) for Texas as a State Bureau of Investigation (SBI).[1] The following list of conflicts reflects duty at the time as a military unit.
Conflicts in this list may apply to several categories, but they've been generally organized by the preponderance of the mission. For example, the Laredo Smallpox Riot was a civil disorder and emergency management conflict, and Operation Border Star is both a border control and counter-drug conflict.
List Key
[edit]Casualty key: KIA (killed in action), WIA (wounded in action), MIA (missing in action), DIA (deserted in action), POW (prisoner of war)
Outcome key:
- Conventional Warfare / Low-intensity Conflict: Strategic, Tactical, Moral, Pyrrhic victory, or loss.
- Military Operations Other Than War: accomplished or failure.
Texas governments
[edit]This list includes conflicts under the command authority of the Colony of Texas, Republic of Texas, and State of Texas.
Legal Authority
[edit]As a colony in Mexico from 1823 to 1835, the Texas Military was legally empowered by Agustín de Iturbide and the Coahuila y Tejas legislature to "organize the colonists into a body of militia to preserve tranquility."[2] Operations were conducted under command of Stephen F. Austin.[2]
As a sovereign republic from 1835 to 1845, the Texas Military was legally empowered by Article 1 of the Consultation and Article 2, Section 6 of Constitution of the Republic of Texas "to execute the law, to suppress insurrections, and repel invasion."[3][4] Operations were conducted under command of the War Department and Adjutant General Department.
As a state of America from 1845–present, the Texas Military is legally empowered by Title 32 of the United States Code and Article 4, Section 7 of the Constitution of the State of Texas to "execute the laws of the state, to suppress insurrections, and to repel invasions".[5] Operations are conducted under command of the Adjutant General Department and Texas Military Department.
Conflicts
[edit]Note: These conflicts are commanded by the Texas government. For related conflicts commanded by the American government, see Border control.
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005-2006 | Operation Linebacker | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
0
0 0 |
Accomplished | [6][7] |
| October 2006 | Operation Rio Grande | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
0
0 0 |
Accomplished | [6][7] |
| January–July 2007 | Operation Wrangler | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
0
0 0 |
Accomplished | [6][7] |
| 2007–Present | Operation Border Star | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
Ongoing | Ongoing | [6][7] |
| 2010-2012 | Operation River Watch | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Accomplished | [8] |
| 2011–Present | Operation Drawbridge | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
Ongoing | Ongoing | [6] |
| 2012–Present | Operation River Watch II | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown | Ongoing | Ongoing | [8] |
| October 2014 | Operation Strong Safety | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Accomplished | [8][7] |
| November 2014-
September 2016 |
Operation Strong Safety II | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
Accomplished | [7] | |
| 2021—Present | Operation Lone Star | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
4 Suicide[9]
1 KIA[10] |
Ongoing |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1842 | Texas Archive War | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Thomas I. Smith / Eli Chandler | 0 | Failure | [11] |
| 1844 | Regulator–Moderator War | Texas Militia | Travis G. Broocks / Alexander Horton | Unknown | Accomplished | [12] |
| 1857 | Cart War | Texas Militia | Unknown | 0 | Accomplished | [13] |
| 1886 | Laredo Election Riot | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Unknown
Unknown |
Unknown
Unknown |
Accomplished | [14] |
| 1873 | Coke-Davis Controversy | Travis Rifles, Texas Militia | Unknown | 0 | Accomplished | [15] |
| 1877-1878 | San Elizario Salt War | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | John B. Tays | 0 | Accomplished | [16] |
| 1883-1888 | Fence Cutting War | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Unknown | 0 | Accomplished | [17] |
| 1888 | Rio Grande City Riot | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers
San Antonio Rifles, Texas Militia Belknap Rifles, Texas Militia Houston Light Guards, Texas Militia |
Unknown
Unknown Unknown Unknown |
0
0 0 0 |
Accomplished | [18] |
| 1891-1893 | Garza Revolution | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Unknown | Unknown | Accomplished | [19] |
| 1893 | Battle of Tres Jacales | Company D, Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Frank Jones | 1 KIA | Failure | |
| 1899 | Laredo Smallpox Riot | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | John H. Rogers | 1 WIA | Accomplished | [20] |
| 1919 | Longview Race Riot | Texas Rangers | Robert H. McDill / T.E. Barton / H.W. Peck | 0
0 |
Accomplished | [21] |
| 1930 | Sherman Riot | Texas Rangers | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Accomplished | [22] |
| 1931 | Red River Bridge War | Texas Rangers | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
0
0 0 |
Inconclusive | [23] |
| 1931 | East Texas Oilfield Riot | Texas Rangers | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
0
0 0 |
Accomplished | [24] |
| 1943 | Beaumont Riot | Eighteenth Battalion, Texas State Guard | Fred C. Stone | 0 | Accomplished | [25] |
| 2020 | George Floyd protests | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
0 | Accomplished | [26] |
Note: These conflicts are commanded by the Texas government. For related conflicts commanded by the American government, see War on Drugs.
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1920-1933 | Los Tequileros | Texas Rangers | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | [27] |
| 1978–Present | DSCA air interdiction | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown | Ongoing | Ongoing | [28] |
| 1989–Present | Joint Counterdrug Task Force | Domestic Operations Command | Miguel Torres | Ongoing | Ongoing | [29] |
| Operation Linebacker | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
0
0 0 |
Victory | [6] | |
| Operation Rio Grande | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
0
0 0 |
Victory | [6] | |
| 2006–Present | Mexican Drug War | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
Ongoing | Ongoing | [6] |
| 2007 | Operation Wrangler | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
0
0 0 |
Victory | [6] |
| 2008–Present | Operation Border Star | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
Ongoing | Ongoing | [6] |
| 2010-2012 | Operation River Watch | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Victory | [8] |
| 2011–Present | Operation Drawbridge | Texas State Guard | Unknown
Unknown Unknown |
Ongoing | Ongoing | [6] |
| 2011–Present | Operation Crackdown | Domestic Operations Command | Unknown | Ongoing | Ongoing | [30][31][32][33] |
| 2012–Present | Operation River Watch II | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown | Ongoing | Ongoing | [8] |
| 2014 | Operation Strong Safety | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Victory | [8] |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1839 | Battle of Alcantra | Texas Militia | Samuel W. Jordan | 7 KIA | Victory | [34][35] |
| 1840 | Battle of Saltillo | Texas Militia | Samuel W. Jordan | Unknown | Loss | [36] |
| 1843 | Snively Expedition | Battalion of Invincibles, Texas Militia | Jacob Snively | Unknown | Inconclusive | [37] |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1837 | Yucatan Campaign | Brutus, Texian Navy | James D. Boylan | Unknown | Failure | [47] |
| 1841-1842 | Texan Santa Fe Expedition | Texas Militia | Hugh McCleod / George T. Howard | 320 POW | Failure | [48] |
| 1842 | Somervell Expedition | Texas Militia | Alexander Somervell | Unknown | Inconclusive | [49] |
| 1842 | Mier Expedition / Battle of Mier | Texas Militia | William S. Fisher | 30 KIA, 280 POW | Loss | [50] |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| February 1823 | Skull Creek Massacre | Texian Militia | Robert Kuykendall | 0 | Victory | |
| 1824 | Battle of Jones Creek | Texian Militia | Randal Jones | Unknown | Inconclusive | |
| 1826 | Dressing Point Massacre | Texian Militia | Aylett C. Buckner | 0 | Victory | |
| March 1838 | Córdova Rebellion | Texas Militia | Edward Burleson | Unknown | Victory | |
| August 1838 | Battle of Arroyo Seco | Texas Militia
Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers |
Unknown | 5 KIA, 4 WIA
Unknown |
Victory | |
| May 1839 | Battle of the San Gabriels | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | James Rice | Unknown | Victory | |
| July 1839 | Battle of the Neches | Texas Army | Thomas J. Rusk | 8 KIA | Victory | |
| March 1840 | Council House Massacre | Texas Militia | Mathew Caldwell | 7 KIA | Atrocity | |
| August 1840 | Great Raid of 1840 | Texas Militia | Mathew Caldwell | 30 KIA | Loss | |
| August 1840 | Battle of Plum Creek | Texas Militia | Mathew Caldwell | 11 KIA | Victory | |
| October 1840 | Battle of Red Fork | Texas Militia | John H. Moore | Unknown | Victory | |
| 1841 | Battle of Bandera Pass | Texas Militia | John C. Hays | 5 WIA | Victory | |
| 1852 | Battle of Hynes Bay | Texas Militia | John Hynes | Unknown | Victory | [51] |
| Jan-May 1858 | Antelope Hills expedition | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | John Salmon Ford
Unknown |
Unknown
50 KIA / WIA |
Victory | |
| May 1858 | Battle of Little Robe Creek | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | John Salmon Ford
Unknown |
Unknown
2 KIA, 5 WIA |
Victory | |
| December 1860 | Battle of Pease River | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Lawrence Sullivan Ross
Unknown |
Unknown
3 KIA |
Victory | |
| September 1872 | Battle of the North Fork | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Unknown | Unknown | Victory |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1899 | Laredo Smallpox Riot | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | J. H. Rogers | 1 WIA | Accomplished | |
| 1998–Present | Operation Lone Star
(medical operation unique from 2021 border op) |
Texas State Guard | Ongoing | Ongoing | ||
| 2011–Present | Operation Final Rest | Texas State Guard | Ongoing | Ongoing |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1842 | Rosillo Expedition | Texas Militia | Unknown | Unknown | Loss | [52] |
| 1842 | Vásquez Expedition | Texas Militia | Unknown | Unknown | Inconclusive | [53] |
| 1842 | Battle of Salado Creek | Texas Militia | Mathew Caldwell | 1 KIA, 12 WIA | Victory | [54] |
| 1842 | Dawson Expedition (massacre) | Texas Militia | Nicholas Dawson | 36 KIA, 15 POW | Loss | [55] |
| 1842 | Battle of the Arroyo Hondo | Texas Militia
Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers |
Mathew Caldwell | Unknown
Unknown |
Victory | |
| 1859-1861 | Cortina War | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers
Brownsville Tigers, Texas Militia |
John Salmon Ford | Unknown
31 KIA, WIA |
Victory | [56] |
| 1859 | Battle of La Ebonal | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers
Brownsville Tigers, Texas Militia |
William G. Tobin | Unknown
2 KIA, 5 WIA |
Victory | |
| 1859 | Battle of Rio Grande City | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers
Brownsville Tigers, Texas Militia |
John Salmon Ford | Unknown
Unknown |
Victory | |
| 1862 | First Battle of Sabine Pass | Texas Army | Josephus S. Irvine | 0 | Loss | [57][58] |
| 1862 | Battle of Nueces (massacre) | 33rd Texas Cavalry, Texas Army | Colin D. McRae | 2 KIA, 18 WIA | Victory/atrocity | [59][60] |
| 1862 | Battle of Corpus Christi | Texas Militia | Alfred M. Hobby / Charles G. Lovenskiold | 1 KIA, 1 WIA | Victory | [61] |
| 1862 | First Battle of Galveston | 26th Texas Cavalry, Texas Army | Xavier Debray | 0 | Loss | [62][63][64] |
| 1863 | Second Battle of Galveston | Texas Army | John B. Magruder | 26 KIA, 117 WIA | Victory | [63] |
| 1863 | Second Battle of Sabine Pass | Davis Guards, 1st Artillery Regiment, Texas Army | Richard W. Dowling | 0 |
Victory | [65][66] |
| 1863 | Battle of Brownsville | 33rd Texas Cavalry, Texas Army | Hamilton P. Bee | 1 KIA, 1 WIA, 1 DIA | Loss | [67] |
| 1863 | Skirmish at La Sal Vieja | 2nd Texas Cavalry, Texas Army | 0 | Loss | [68] | |
| 1864 | Battle of Laredo | 33rd Texas Cavalry, Texas Army | Santos Benavides | 0 | Victory | [69] |
| 1865 | Battle of Palmito Ranch | 2nd Texas Cavalry Regiment, Texas Army | John Salmon Ford | 6 WIA, 3 POW | Victory | [70] |
| 1874 | Penascal Raid | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | John “Red” Dunn | 0 | Victory | [71] |
| 1875 | Nuecestown Raid | Texas Militia | John McClane / Pat Whelen | 1 KIA | Loss | [72] |
| 1878 | Raid of 1878 | Texas Army | Unknown | 0 | Loss | [73] |
| 1915 | Norias Ranch Raid | Company B, Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Monroe Fox | 0 | Inconclusive | [74] |
| January 1918 | Brite Ranch Raid / Porvenir Massacre | Company B, Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Monroe Fox | 0 | Inconclusive | [75][76] |
United States of America government
[edit]This list includes conflicts under the command authority of the United States of America.
Legal Authority
[edit]Title 10 of the United States Code legally empowers the United States government to mobilize Texas Military Forces when more resources are needed than available in the United States Armed Forces for war, national emergency, or national security. Operations are conducted under command of the United States Department of Defense.
Conflicts
[edit]Note: These conflicts are commanded by the American government. For related conflicts commanded by the Texas government, see Border control.
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 | Operation Wetback | Texas Army National Guard | Unknown | 0 | Accomplished | [99] |
| 2006-2008 | Operation Jump Start | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Accomplished | [8] |
| 2007 | Operation Stonegarden | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Accomplished | |
| 2010-2016 | Operation Phalanx | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Accomplished | [8] |
| 2018–Present | Operation Faithful Patriot | 72nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team
536th Brigade Support Battalion |
Unknown
Unknown |
Ongoing | Ongoing | [100] |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1979-1989 | Air Forces Panama airlift ops(Operation Volant/Coronet Oak) | 136th Airlift Wing | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | |
| 1992-1993 | Operation Southern Watch | 111th Fighter-Bomber Squadron | ||||
| 2005 | Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina (SFOR) | 36th Infantry Division | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | |
| 2005-2006 | Kosovo Force (KFOR) | 36th Infantry Division | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | |
| 2006–Present | Multinational Force and Observers / Sinai insurgency | 36th Infantry Division | Unknown | Unknown | Ongoing | [101] |
| 2014–Present | European Deterrence Initiative | 254th Combat Communications Group | Unknown | Ongoing | Ongoing |
Note: These conflicts are commanded by the American government. For related conflicts commanded by the Texas government, see Invasions / Incursions.
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 1846 | Siege of Fort Texas | 1st Regiment Texas Mounted Rifles | John C. Hays | Unknown | Victory | [102] |
| May 1846 | Battle of Palo Alto | 1st Regiment Texas Mounted Rifles | John C. Hays | Unknown | Victory | [103] |
| May 1846 | Battle of Resaca de la Palma | 7th Rifle Company | William R. Shivor | Unknown
Unknown |
Victory | [104] |
| September 1846 | Battle of Monterrey | 1st Regiment Texas Mounted Rifles
2nd Regiment Texas Mounted Rifles 1st Regiment Texas Rifles 11th Mounted Company of Spies |
John C. Hays | Unknown
Unknown Unknown Unknown |
Victory | [105] |
| January–July 1847 | Taos Revolt | Texas Militia | Unknown | Victory | [105] | |
| February 1847 | Battle of Buena Vista | 1st Regiment Texas Rifles
2nd Regiment Texas Mounted Rifles 2nd Rifle Company |
Albert Sidney Johnston | Unknown
Unknown 15 KIA, 2 WIA |
Inconclusive | [106] |
| March 1847 | Battle of Veracruz | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | [105] |
| April 1847 | Battle of Cerro Gordo | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | [105] |
| September 1847 | Battle of Chapultepec | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | [105] |
| October 1847 | Battle of Huamantla | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Samuel Hamilton Walker | Unknown | Victory | [105] |
| November 1847 | Battle of Galaxara Pass | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | [105] |
| February 1848 | Battle of Sequalteplan | Frontier Battalion, Texas Rangers | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | [105] |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1863 | Second Bayou Teche Campaign | 1st Texas Cavalry Regiment (Union) | Edmund J. Davis | Loss | [107] | |
| 1863 | Battle of Brownsville | 1st Texas Cavalry Regiment (Union) | Edmund J. Davis | Victory | [107] |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 1898 | Battle of Las Guasimas | Troop M, Texas Rangers | Robert H. Bruce | Unknown | Victory | [108][109] |
| July 1898 | Battle of San Juan Hill | Troop M, Texas Rangers | Robert H. Bruce | Unknown | Victory | [108][109] |
| July 1898 | Siege of Santiago | Troop M, Texas Rangers | Robert H. Bruce | Unknown | Victory | [108][109] |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1899 | Battle of Magnatarem | 33rd "Texas" Infantry Regiment | Luther Rector Hare | Unknown | Victory | [110][111] |
| November 1899 | Battle of San Jacinto | 33rd "Texas" Infantry Regiment | Luther Rector Hare | 8 KIA, 13 WIA | Victory | [110][111] |
| November 1899 | Battle of Vigan | 33rd "Texas" Infantry Regiment | Luther Rector Hare | Unknown | Victory | [110][111] |
| December 1899 | Battle of Tirad Pass | 33rd "Texas" Infantry Regiment | Luther Rector Hare | Unknown | Victory | [110][111] |
| December 1899 | Battle of Tangadan (Tagudin) Pass | 33rd "Texas" Infantry Regiment | Luther Rector Hare | Unknown | Victory | [110][111] |
| 1900 | Abra Occupation | 33rd "Texas" Infantry Regiment | Luther Rector Hare | Unknown | Victory | [110][111] |
| 1900 | Ilocos Sur Occupation | 33rd "Texas" Infantry Regiment | Luther Rector Hare | Unknown | Victory | [110][111] |
| September 1900 | Battle of Pulang Lupa rescue operation | 33rd "Texas" Infantry Regiment | Luther Rector Hare | 0 | Victory | [110][111] |
Note: These conflicts are commanded by the American government. For related conflicts commanded by the Texas government, see Invasions / Incursions.
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1916-1917 | Pancho Villa / Punitive Mexican Expedition | Texas Army National Guard | Unknown | Unknown | Loss | [112][8] |
| 1918 | Battle of Ambos Nogales | Texas Rangers | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | [112] |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 1918 | Battle of Saint-Mihiel | 90th Infantry Division | Henry Tureman Allen | Unknown | Victory | [113][114] |
| Sept-Nov 1918 | Battles of the Meuse–Argonne | 36th Infantry Division | William Ruthven Smith | 2,601 KIA / WIA
Unknown |
Victory | [113][114] |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950-1952 | Korea air campaign | 1808 Engineer Aviation Company
108th Radar Calibration Detachment 136th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron 134th Aircraft Control Squadron 158th Aircraft Control and Warning Group |
Unknown
Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown |
Unknown
Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown 2 KIA |
Victory | [39] |
| 1961-1962 | Cuban Missile Crisis | 36th Infantry Division | Unknown | 0 | Victory | [115] |
| 1962 | Exercise Iron Dragoon | 49th Armored Division | Harley B. West | 0 | Victory | |
| 1976-1993 | Exercise Team Spirit | 136th Airlift Wing | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | |
| 1983 | Operation Urgent Fury | 136th Airlift Wing | Unknown | Unknown | Victory | |
| 1988 | Exercise Reforger | 136th Airlift Wing | Unknown | Unknown | Victory |
Note: These conflicts are commanded by the American government. For related conflicts commanded by the Texas government, see Counterdrug.
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1989 | Operation Just Cause | 181st Airlift Squadron | Unknown | 0 | Victory | [39] |
| 1992 | Operation Plus Up | 143rd Infantry Regiment | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | [116] |
| 2002 | Operation Nighthawk | 143rd Infantry Regiment | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | [117] |
| 2002 | Operation Tri-star | 143rd Infantry Regiment | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | [117] |
| 2002 | Operation Unity | 143rd Infantry Regiment | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | [117] |
| 2006-2008 | Operation Jump Start | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Victory | [8] |
| 2007 | Operation Stonegarden | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Victory | [8] |
| 2010-2016 | Operation Phalanx | Texas Air National Guard | Unknown
Unknown |
0
0 |
Victory | [8] |
| 2018–Present | Operation Faithful Patriot | 72nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team
536th Brigade Support Battalion |
Unknown
Unknown |
Ongoing | Ongoing | [100] |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990-1991 | Operation Desert Shield | 36th Infantry Division | ||||
| 1991 | Operation Desert Storm | 36th Infantry Division | ||||
| 1991 | Gulf War air campaign | 181st Airlift Squadron | ||||
| 1991 | Operation Volant Pine | 181st Airlift Squadron |
| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001–Present | Operation Noble Eagle | 181st Airlift Squadron | ||||
| 2004-2014 | Operation Enduring Freedom | 181st Airlift Squadron | ||||
| 2004-2011 | Operation Iraqi Freedom | 181st Airlift Squadron | ||||
| 2008 | Operation New Horizons | 181st Airlift Squadron | ||||
| 2010-2011 | Operation New Dawn | 36th Infantry Division | ||||
| 2014–Present | Operation Inherent Resolve | 36th Infantry Division | ||||
| 2015 | Operation Flintlock | 5th Battalion, 19th Special Forces Group | [118] | |||
| 2015–2021 | Operation Freedom's Sentinel | 36th Infantry Division |
United Mexican States government
[edit]This list includes conflicts under the command authority of the United Mexican States (First Mexican Republic) government.
Legal Authority
[edit]Faculty 18 and 19, Section 5, Title 3 of the 1824 Constitution of Mexico legally empowered the First Mexican Republic government to mobilize Texas Military Forces. Operations were conducted under command of the Mexican Army.[119]
Conflicts
[edit]| Year | Conflict | Texas Military Unit(s) | Commander | Casualties | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1827 | Fredonian Rebellion | Texian Militia | Stephen F. Austin | None | Victory | [120][121] |
Confederate States of America government
[edit]This list includes conflicts under the command authority of the Confederate States of America.
Legal Authority
[edit]The First, Second, and Third Conscription Acts of the 1st Confederate States Congress legally empowered the Confederate States government to mobilize Texas Military Forces. Operations were conducted under command of the Confederate States War Department.[122]
Conflicts
[edit]Note: These conflicts are commanded by the Confederate government. For related conflicts commanded by the Texas government, see Invasions / Incursions.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Procter, Ben H. "TEXAS RANGERS". TSHA.
- ^ a b Weber, David J. (1982). The Mexican Frontier, 1821-1846: The American Southwest Under Mexico (Histories of the American Frontier Series). University of New Mexico Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0826306036.
- ^ "Declaration, with Plan and Powers of the Provisional Government of Texas (1836)". Tarlton Law Library.
- ^ "Constitution of the Republic of Texas (1836)". Tarlton Law Library.
- ^ "ARTICLE 4. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. Sec. 7. GOVERNOR AS COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF MILITARY FORCES". Texas Constitution and Statutes.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Baddour, Dylan (August 30, 2016). "Explained: How Texas built a border army". Houston Chronicle.
- ^ a b c d e f Kriel, Lomi (April 18, 2022). "Texas has spent billions of dollars on border security. But what taxpayers got in return is a mystery". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved April 30, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Border Operation". TMD.
- ^ Winkie, Davis (Dec 23, 2021). "Wave of suicides hits Texas National Guard's border mission". ArmyTimes.
- ^ Beeferman, Jason (Apr 25, 2022). "Texas Guard soldier's body found after he was washed away helping drowning migrants". ArmyTimes.
- ^ Hazlewood, Claudia. "ARCHIVES WAR". TSHA.
- ^ Cuthbertson, Gilbert M. "REGULATOR-MODERATOR WAR". TSHA.
- ^ Weber, David J. "Cart War".
- ^ Woods, Thomas. "LAREDO ELECTION RIOT (1886)". TSHA.
- ^ "TRAVIS GUARDS AND RIFLES". TSHA.
- ^ Sonnichsen, C.L. "SALT WAR OF SAN ELIZARIO". TSHA.
- ^ Gard, Wayne. "FENCE CUTTING". TSHA.
- ^ Garza, Alicia A. "RIO GRANDE CITY RIOT OF 1888". TSHA.
- ^ Baulch, Joe R. "Garza War". TSHA.
- ^ a b Cuéllar, Carlos E. "LAREDO SMALLPOX RIOT". TSHA.
- ^ Durham, Ken. "LONGVIEW RACE RIOT OF 1919". TSHA.
- ^ Thompson, Nolan. "SHERMAN RIOT OF 1930". TSHA.
- ^ Taylor, Lonn W. "RED RIVER BRIDGE CONTROVERSY". TSHA.
- ^ Smith, Julia Cauble. "EAST TEXAS OILFIELD". TSHA.
- ^ Olson, James S. "BEAUMONT RIOT OF 1943". TSHA.
- ^ "Gov. Abbott activates Texas National Guard in response to George Floyd protests". Fox 26 Houston. May 30, 2020.
- ^ Diaz, George T. "TEQUILEROS". TSHA.
- ^ Johnson, Michelle T. (August 15, 1990). "Guard aid vital cog in drug war". Austin American-Statesman.
- ^ De Moura, Nadine Wiley. "Texas Counterdrug commemorates 30th Anniversary of law enforcement support". Texas Military Department.
- ^ Zarrad, Lamine (September 9, 2011). "Guard helps local community reclaim neighborhoods". TMD.
- ^ "Texas Counterdrug Task Force cracks down on local drug haven". TMD. December 16, 2013.
- ^ Walker, Ken (April 16, 2015). "Operation Crackdown returns to Laredo". TMD.
- ^ Lacy, Alicia (August 3, 2016). "Texas Joint Counterdrug Task force begins largest Operation Crackdown in Dallas". TMD.
- ^ Leatherwood, Art. "ALCANTRA, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ "JORDAN, SAMUEL W." TSHA.
- ^ Vigness, David M. "REPUBLIC OF THE RIO GRANDE". TSHA.
- ^ Carroll, H. Bailey. "SNIVELY EXPEDITION". TSHA.
- ^ Glass, James L. "Racer's Storm: The Benchmark Hurricane of 1837" (PDF). Houston History Magazine.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Olson, Bruce A. "TEXAS NATIONAL GUARD". TSHA.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Dunn, Roy Sylvan. "HURRICANES". TSHA.
- ^ Weems, John Edward. "GALVESTON HURRICANE OF 1900". TSHA.
- ^ "TEXAS CITY DISASTER". TSHA.
- ^ "Thomas Sams Bishop". Texas State Cemetery.
- ^ "Governor Abbott Announces National Guard Deployment in Support of COVID-19 Response". Office of the Texas Governor (Press release). March 27, 2020.
- ^ Briden-Garcia, Julie (Feb 24, 2021). "Citizen Airmen satisfy Texas-sized thirst". 136th Airlift Wing.
- ^ Admin, Web (Mar 18, 2021). "TEXAS STATE GUARD RESPONDS TO DEVASTATING WINTER STORM". StateDefenseForce.com.
- ^ Cutrer, Thomas W. "BRUTUS". TSHA.
- ^ Carroll, H. Bailey. "TEXAN SANTA FE EXPEDITION". TSHA.
- ^ Nance, Joseph Milton. "SOMERVELL EXPEDITION". TSHA.
- ^ Nance, Joseph Milton. "MIER EXPEDITION". TSHA.
- ^ Hardin, Stephen L. "HYNES BAY, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ Salmón, Roberto Mario. "CANALES ROSILLO, ANTONIO". TSHA.
- ^ "VASQUEZ, RAFAEL". TSHA.
- ^ Cutrer, Thomas W. "SALADO CREEK, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ Cutrer, Thomas W. "DAWSON MASSACRE". TSHA.
- ^ Thompson, Jerry. "CORTINA, JUAN NEPOMUCENO". TSHA.
- ^ Wooster, Robert. "FORT SABINE". TSHA.
- ^ Ragan, Cooper K. "IRVINE, JOSEPHUS SOMERVILLE". TSHA.
- ^ "NUECES, BATTLE OF THE". TSHA.
- ^ Grear, Charles D. "THIRTY-THIRD TEXAS CAVALRY". TSHA.
- ^ Delaney, Norman C. "CORPUS CHRISTI, BATTLE OF". TSHA. Archived from the original on 2019-10-22.
- ^ Salyer, Steven P. "TWENTY-SIXTH TEXAS CAVALRY". TSHA.
- ^ a b Barr, Alwyn. "GALVESTON, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ Bailey, Anne J. "DEBRAY, XAVIER BLANCHARD". TSHA.
- ^ Barr, Alwyn. "SABINE PASS, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ "DAVIS GUARDS". TSHA.
- ^ Garza, Alicia A. "BROWNSVILLE, TX". TSHA.
- ^ ROZEFF, Norman. "A Treasure in Salt". Valley Star.
- ^ Cuéllar, Carlos E. "LAREDO, TX". TSHA.
- ^ Hunt, Jeffrey William. "PALMITO RANCH, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ Obringer, Christopher S. "PEÑASCAL RAID OF 1874". TSHA.
- ^ Orozco, Cynthia E. "NUECESTOWN RAID OF 1875". TSHA.
- ^ Johnson, John G. "MEXICAN AND INDIAN RAID OF 1878". TSHA.
- ^ Garza, Alicia A. "NORIAS RANCH RAID". TSHA.
- ^ Smith, Julia Cauble. "BRITE RANCH RAID". TSHA.
- ^ Martinez, Monica Muñoz. "PORVENIR MASSACRE". TSHA.
- ^ Henson, Margaret Swett. "ANAHUAC DISTURBANCES". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ "VELASCO, BATTLE OF". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ McDonald, Archie P. "NACOGDOCHES, BATTLE OF". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ Curtrer, Thomas W. "SAN FELIPE". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ Covington, Carolyn Callaway. "RUNAWAY SCRAPE". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ Hardin, Stephen L. "GONZALES, BATTLE OF". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ Roell, Craig H. "GOLIAD CAMPAIGN OF 1835". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ Barr, Alwyn. "CONCEPCION, BATTLE OF". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ Guthrie, Keith. "LIPANTITLAN, BATTLE OF". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ Hardin, Stephen L. "LIPANTITLAN EXPEDITION". TSHA.
- ^ Barr, Alwyn. "GRASS FIGHT". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ Barr, Alwyn. "BEXAR, SIEGE OF". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ Roell, Craig H. "MATAMOROS EXPEDITION OF 1835-36". TSHA.
- ^ Hardin, Stephen L. "ALAMO, BATTLE OF THE". TSHA.
- ^ Guthrie, Keith. "SAN PATRICIO, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ Bishop, Curtis. "AGUA DULCE CREEK, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ Roell, Craig. "REFUGIO, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ Roell, Craig. "COLETO, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ Davenport, Habert. "GOLIAD MASSACRE". TSHA.
- ^ Roell, Craig. "MATAMOROS EXPEDITION OF 1835-36". TSHA.
- ^ Pomeroy, David. "VINCE'S BRIDGE". TSHA.
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- ^ a b Mengrone, Maria (July 21, 2018). "Texas National Guard conducts border mission Transfer of Authority". TSHA.
- ^ "Governor Abbott Presents Texas Purple Heart To Four Soldiers". Officer of the Texas Governor. September 24, 2015.
- ^ Davenport, Elizabeth Pettit. "FORT BROWN". TSHA.
- ^ Sanchez, Joseph P. "PALO ALTO, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ Leatherwood, Art. "RESACA DE LA PALMA, BATTLE OF". TSHA.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Bauer, K. Jack. "MEXICAN WAR". TSHA.
- ^ "The Battle of Buena Vista". TSHA.
- ^ a b "FIRST TEXAS CAVALRY, USA". Texas State Historical Association.
- ^ a b c "Rough Riders Muster Roll". Bartleby.
- ^ a b c Cutrer, Thomas W. "FIRST UNITED STATES VOLUNTEER CAVALRY". TSHA.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Linn, Brian M. "THIRTY-THIRD INFANTRY". TSHA.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Meketa, Raymond Thomas. "HARE, LUTHER RECTOR". TSHA.
- ^ a b Overfelt, Robert C. "MEXICAN REVOLUTION". TSHA.
- ^ a b Winfrey, Dorman H. "NINETIETH DIVISION". TSHA.
- ^ a b White, Lonnie J. "ALLEN, HENRY TUREMAN". TSHA.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Dawson III, Joseph G. "THIRTY-SIXTH INFANTRY DIVISION". TSHA.
- ^ "MOU Between Texas National Guard and ATF" (PDF). October 1992.
- ^ a b c Corporation, BOTEC Analysis (April 2002). "Assessment of the HIDTA Program: High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas" (PDF).
- ^ Meyer, Philipp (November 18, 2015). "Over There". TexasMonthly.
- ^ "The Constitution of the Mexican United States". Constitution Society.
- ^ McDonald, Archie P. "FREDONIAN REBELLION". TSHA.
- ^ Barker, Eugene C. "AUSTIN, STEPHEN FULLER". TSHA.
- ^ Wood, Margaret (November 15, 2012). "Civil War Conscription Laws". Library of Congress.