List of conflicts between Romans and Persians
Appearance
The following is a list of wars fought between Romans and Persians.
- Roman/Byzantine victory
- Parthian/Sasanian victory
- Inconclusive
Date | War | Belligerents | Belligerents | Result | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
53 BCE | Battle of Carrhae | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Parthian victory | Beginning of the Roman–Persian Wars |
40–38 BCE | Pompeian–Parthian invasion | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Roman victory | Status quo ante bellum
|
36-20 BCE | Antony's Atropatene campaign | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Parthian victory | Status quo ante bellum
|
58–63 CE | Roman–Parthian War | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Inconclusive | Treaty of Rhandeia |
115–117 CE | Trajan's Parthian campaign | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Roman victory | Romans annex Mesopotamia |
161–166 CE | Roman–Parthian War | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Roman victory | Arsacids re–establish themselves on the Armenian throne as Roman clients Ctesiphon and Seleucia sacked Rome has minor acquisitions in Mesopotamia |
198 CE | Battle of Ctesiphon | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Roman victory | Sack of Ctesiphon |
216–217 CE | Parthian war of Caracalla | Roman Empire | Parthian Empire | Parthian victory | Status quo ante bellum
|
232 CE | Sassanid campaign of Severus Alexander | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Severus claimed victory |
229–241 CE | Mesopotamian campaigns of Ardashir I | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Both sides make territorial gains |
243 CE | Battle of Resaena | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Roman victory | Romans recover Nisibis and Singara |
244 CE | Battle of Misiche | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Sasanian victory | Philip the Arab pays 500,000 denarii to the Sasanian Empire and cedes Armenia and Mesopotamia Death of Gordian III |
252–260 CE | Second campaign of Shapur I against Rome | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Sasanian victory | Sasanian empire capture Nisibis, Antioch and Edessa |
363 CE | Julian's Persian expedition | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Sasanian victory | Sasanians annex five regions and fifteen major fortresses from the Roman Empire along with the consequent annexation of Armenia |
367–371 CE | Shapur II's 2nd Armenian campaign | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Roman victory | Persians depose Arshak II of Armenia
Armenia is put under Roman suzerainty through Pap of Armenia entronization. |
371 CE | Battle of Bagavan | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Roman victory | Seven Years Truce |
378–386 CE | Shapur III's Armenian Campaign | Roman Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Peace of Acilisene |
421–422 CE | Byzantine-Sasanian War | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Byzantine victory | Status quo ante bellum
|
440 CE | Byzantine–Sasanian War | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Status quo ante bellum
|
502–506 CE | Anastasian War | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Status quo ante bellum
|
526–532 CE | Iberian War | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Inconclusive | Sasanians retained Iberia, Byzantines retained Lazica |
541–562 CE | Lazic War | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Sasanian victory | Fifty–Year Peace Treaty |
572–591 CE | Byzantine–Sasanian War of 572–591 | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Byzantine victory | Khosrow II is restored to the Sasanian throne, Byzantine empire gets most of Persian Armenia and the western half of Iberia |
602–628 CE | Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 | Byzantine Empire | Sasanian Empire | Byzantine victory | Status quo ante bellum
|
Reference
[edit]- ^ Greatrex 1991, p. 226.
Bibliography
[edit]- Greatrex, Geoffrey (1991). The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian wars.Part II.363-630AD. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-14687-9.