List of cities in East, South, and Southeast Asia by population
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The countries and territories included in the following list are:
Largest megalopolis areas
[edit]Rank | Metropolitan area | Country | Region | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Southern China Coast Megalopolis (Pearl River Delta -Chaoshan-Xiamen-Quanzhou-Fuzhou) | China | East Asia | 200,000,000 |
2 | Java Island (Jakarta-Surabaya-Bandung-Semarang-Surakarta-Yogyakarta-Malang) | Indonesia | Southeast Asia | 145,000,000 |
3 | Yangtze River Delta | China | East Asia | 100,000,000 |
4 | Taiheiyō Belt | Japan | East Asia | 84,000,000 |
5 | (Bengal Megalopolis) Kolkata-Khulna-Dhaka-Chittagong | India, Bangladesh | South Asia | 60,000,000 |
6 | Beijing–Tianjin (Hebei's cities cluster) | China | East Asia | 39,710,000 |
7 | Mega Manila (Metro Manila–Laguna–Cavite–Rizal–Bulacan–Metro Clark–Lucena–Batangas City–Cabanatuan–Olongapo) | Philippines | Southeast Asia | 35,000,000 |
8 | Incheon–Seoul–Daejon–Daegu–Busan | South Korea | East Asia | 32,890,000 |
9 | Mumbai-Pune-Nashik | India | South Asia | 30,000,000 |
10 | Delhi-Gurgaon-Noida-Ghaziabad | India | South Asia | 26,000,000 |
12 | Greater Bangkok–Chon Buri-Nakhon Ratchasima | Thailand | Southeast Asia | 20,000,000 |
13 | (West coast of Taiwan) Taipei-Taichung-Kaohsiung | Taiwan | East Asia | 18,000,000 |
Largest metropolitan areas
[edit]Rank | Metropolitan area | Country | Region | Population | Area (km²) | Population Density (People/km²) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Greater Tokyo | Japan | East Asia | 32,450,000 | 8,014 | 4,049 |
2 | Jakarta | Indonesia | Southeast Asia | 31,650,000 | 6,342 | 4,990 |
3 | Manila | Philippines | Southeast Asia | 28,250,517 | 7,967 | 9,200 |
4 | Seoul | South Korea | East Asia | 20,550,000 | 5,076 | 4,048 |
5 | Mumbai | India | South Asia | 20,900,000 | 8,100 | 2,580 |
6 | Shanghai | China | East Asia | 16,650,000 | 5,177 | 3,216 |
7 | Hong Kong-Shenzhen[1] | China | East Asia | 15,800,000 | 3,051 | 5,179 |
8 | Beijing | China | East Asia | 12,500,000 | 6,562 | 1,905 |
Largest urban areas ranked by 2010 population
[edit]Rank | City | Country | Region | Population | Area (km²) | Density (km²) | Sources of
Pop. / Area |
Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Tokyo–Yokohama[2] | Japan | East Asia | 35,200,000 | 7,835 | 4,100 | C / B | |
2 | Jakarta[3] | Indonesia | Southeast Asia | 22,000,000 | 2,720 | 8,500 | F / B | |
3 | Manila[4] | Philippines | Southeast Asia | 20,795,000 | 1,425 | 14,600 | C / B | |
4 | Seoul–Incheon[5] | South Korea | East Asia | 19,910,000 | 1,943 | 10,200 | C / B | |
5 | Shanghai | China | East Asia | 18,400,000 | 2,396 | 6,300 | C / B | |
6 | Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto[6] | Japan | East Asia | 17,320,000 | 2,720 | 5,300 | C / B | |
7 | Shenzhen[7] | China | East Asia | 14,470,000 | 1,295 | 10,200 | F / B | |
8 | Beijing | China | East Asia | 13,955,000 | 2,616 | 4,200 | C / B | |
9 | Guangzhou–Foshan[7] | China | East Asia | 13,245,000 | 2,590 | 6,700 | E / B | |
10 | Dongguan[7] | China | East Asia | 10,525,00 | 1,295 | 7,600 | F / B | |
11 | Nagoya[8] | Japan | East Asia | 10,025,000 | 3,302 | C / B | ||
12 | Taipei-New Taipei-Keelung-Taoyuan | Taiwan | East Asia | 9,272,082 | 3,678 | 2,521 | D / B | |
13 | Bangkok | Thailand | Southeast Asia | 8,250,000 | 1,502 | 2,500 | C / B | |
14 | Ho Chi Minh City | Vietnam | Southeast Asia | 7,785,000 | 609 | 9,200 | E / B | |
15 | Hong Kong[7] | China | East Asia | 7,055,000 | 220 | 25,200 | E / B | |
16 | Tianjin[9] | China | East Asia | 6,675,000 | 1,295 | 5,200 | C / B | |
17 | Kuala Lumpur[10] | Malaysia | Southeast Asia | 5,835,000 | 2,137 | 2,700 | E / B | |
18 | Chongqing[11] | China | East Asia | 5,460,000 | 570 | 7,500 | E / B | |
19 | Hangzhou[12] | China | East Asia | 5,305,000 | 712 | 8,200 | E / B | |
20 | Wuhan | China | East Asia | 5,260,000 | 712 | 7,400 | E / B | |
21 | Shenyang[13] | China | East Asia | 5,160,000 | 777 | 7,100 | E / B | |
22 | Chengdu | China | East Asia | 4,785,000 | 570 | 8,400 | E / B | |
23 | Singapore[14] | Singapore | Southeast Asia | 4,635,000 | 479 | 9,700 | D / B | |
24 | Yangon | Myanmar | Southeast Asia | 4,400,000 | 350 | 12,600 | D / B | |
25 | Xi'an | China | East Asia | 3,955,000 | 531 | 7,400 | E / B | |
26 | Taichung-Changhua | Taiwan | East Asia | 3,814,326 | 1,801 | 2,118 | E / B | |
27 | Harbin[15] | China | East Asia | 3,615,000 | 570 | 5,900 | E / B | |
28 | Suzhou[12] | China | East Asia | 3,605,000 | 635 | 5,700 | E / B | |
29 | Bandung | Indonesia | Southeast Asia | 3,555,000 | 401 | 8,400 | E / B | |
30 | Nanjing[12] | China | East Asia | 3,550,000 | 686 | 4,200 | E / B | |
31 | Busan | South Korea | East Asia | 3,395,000 | 259 | 13,100 | E / B | |
32 | Pyongyang | North Korea | East Asia | 3,370,000 | 207 | 16,300 | E / B | |
33 | Dalian | China | East Asia | 3,255,000 | 570 | 4,700 | E / B | |
34 | Changchun | China | East Asia | 3,170,000 | 376 | 8,400 | E / B | |
35 | Kunming | China | East Asia | 3,070,000 | 518 | 9,100 | E / B | |
36 | Kaohsiung | Taiwan | East Asia | 3,023,225 | 1,330 | 2,272 | E / B | |
37 | Wuxi[12] | China | East Asia | 2,925,000 | 389 | 7,500 | E / B | |
38 | Taiyuan | China | East Asia | 2,900,000 | 311 | 9,300 | E / B | |
39 | Surabaya | Indonesia | Southeast Asia | 2,885,000 | 376 | 7,700 | D / B | |
40 | Changsha | China | East Asia | 2,720,000 | 389 | 6,600 | E / B | |
41 | Zhengzhou | China | East Asia | 2,590,000 | 466 | 5,600 | E / B | |
42 | Fukuoka[16] | Japan | East Asia | 2,550,000 | 583 | 4,900 | C / B | |
43 | Shijiazhuang | China | East Asia | 2,530,000 | 363 | 7,000 | E / B | |
45 | Qingdao | China | East Asia | 2,495,000 | 440 | 5,700 | E / B | |
46 | Sapporo | Japan | East Asia | 2,475,000 | 648 | 4,000 | C / B | |
47 | Nanchang | China | East Asia | 2,465,000 | 155 | 5,300 | E / B | |
48 | Guiyang | China | East Asia | 2,440,000 | 207 | 11,800 | E / B | |
49 | George Town | Malaysia | Southeast Asia | 2,412,616 | 2,563 | 941 | A / A | |
50 | Fuzhou | China | East Asia | 2,405,000 | 259 | 9,300 | E / B | |
51 | Lanzhou | China | East Asia | 2,385,000 | 181 | 13,200 | E / B | |
52 | Daegu | South Korea | East Asia | 2,380,000 | 181 | 13,100 | E / B | |
53 | Hanoi | Vietnam | Southeast Asia | 2,355,000 | 194 | 8,300 | E / B | |
54 | Medan | Indonesia | Southeast Asia | 2,340,000 | 246 | 9,500 | E / B | |
55 | Jinan | China | East Asia | 2,320,000 | 350 | 6,600 | E / B | |
56 | Changzhou[12] | China | East Asia | 2,275,000 | 194 | 11,700 | E / B | |
57 | Xiamen | China | East Asia | 2,225,000 | 295 | 7,500 | E / B | |
58 | Shunde[7] | China | East Asia | 2,105,000 | 401 | 5,200 | E / B | |
59 | Baotou | China | East Asia | 2,095,000 | 363 | 5,800 | E / B | |
60 | Jilin | China | East Asia | 2,070,000 | 233 | 8,900 | E / B | |
61 | Hefei | China | East Asia | 2,000,000 | 350 | 5,700 | E / B | |
62 | Kitakyūshū[17] | Japan | East Asia | 2,000,000 | 842 | 2,400 | C / B |
- Sources
- A: National census authority data.
- B: Demographia land area estimate based upon map or satellite photograph analysis.
- C: Demographia population "build up" from third, fourth or fifth order jurisdictions (NUTS-3, NUTS-4, NUTS-5 or equivalent).
- D: Population estimate based upon United Nations agglomeration estimate.
- E: Demographia population estimate from national census authority agglomeration data.
- F: Other Demographia population estimate.
- G: Estimate based upon projected growth rate from last census.
- H: Combination of adjacent national census authority agglomerations.
Largest urban agglomerations by population
[edit]Asia Rank | World Rank | Urban Area | Country/Territory | Population | Area (km2) | Density (people/km2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | Tokyo | Japan | 37,977,000 | 8,230 | 4,614 |
2 | 2 | Jakarta | Indonesia | 34,540,000 | 3,540 | 9,758 |
3 | 3 | Delhi | India | 29,617,000 | 2,232 | 13,269 |
4 | 4 | Mumbai | India | 23,355,000 | 944 | 24,740 |
5 | 5 | Manila | Philippines | 23,088,000 | 1,873 | 12,327 |
6 | 6 | Shanghai | China | 22,120,000 | 4,068 | 5,437 |
7 | 8 | Seoul | South Korea | 21,794,000 | 2,768 | 7,873 |
8 | 10 | Guangzhou-Foshan | China | 20,902,000 | 4,342 | 4,814 |
9 | 12 | Beijing | China | 19,433,000 | 4,172 | 4,658 |
10 | 14 | Kolkata | India | 17,560,000 | 1,351 | 12,994 |
11 | 16 | Bangkok | Thailand | 17,066,000 | 3,199 | 5,336 |
12 | 18 | Shenzhen | China | 15,929,000 | 1,803 | 8,836 |
13 | 19 | Dhaka | Bangladesh | 15,443,000 | 456 | 33,852 |
14 | 23 | Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto | Japan | 14,977,000 | 3,019 | 4,961 |
16 | 25 | Bangalore | India | 13,707,000 | 1,205 | 11,378 |
17 | 28 | Ho Chi Minh City | Vietnam | 13,312,000 | 1,638 | 8,127 |
18 | 29 | Chennai | India | 11,324,000 | 1,049 | 10,800 |
19 | 30 | Chengdu | China | 11,309,000 | 1,828 | 6,188 |
21 | 35 | Tianjin | China | 10,800,000 | 2,813 | 3,839 |
22 | 37 | Hyderabad | India | 9,746,000 | 1,273 | 7,654 |
23 | 40 | Nagoya | Japan | 9,113,000 | 3,704 | 2,460 |
24 | 42 | Wuhan | China | 8,962,000 | 1,646 | 5,444 |
25 | 43 | Taipei | Taiwan | 8,918,000 | 1,076 | 8,289 |
26 | 45 | Kuala Lumpur | Malaysia | 8,285,000 | 2,162 | 3,833 |
27 | 46 | Dongguan | China | 7,981,000 | 1,755 | 4,546 |
28 | 47 | Pune | India | 7,764,000 | 649 | 11,956 |
29 | 48 | Chongqing | China | 7,739,000 | 1,537 | 5,036 |
30 | 50 | Nanjing | China | 7,496,000 | 1,613 | 4,649 |
31 | 51 | Ahmedabad | India | 7,410,000 | 359 | 20,622 |
32 | 52 | Hong Kong | Hong Kong | 7,347,000 | 291 | 25,254 |
33 | 55 | Shenyang-Fushun | China | 7,105,000 | 1,515 | 4,690 |
34 | 56 | Bandung | Indonesia | 7,065,000 | 487 | 14,510 |
35 | 61 | Zhengzhou | China | 6,765,000 | 1,656 | 4,085 |
36 | 63 | Xi'an | China | 6,680,000 | 1,094 | 6,105 |
37 | 64 | Hanoi | Vietnam | 6,576,000 | 963 | 6,828 |
38 | 65 | Surabaya | Indonesia | 6,499,000 | 911 | 7,131 |
39 | 68 | Hangzhou | China | 6,446,000 | 1,446 | 4,458 |
40 | 63 | Quanzhou | China | 6,345,000 | 2,090 | 3,036 |
41 | 70 | Yangon | Myanmar | 6,314,000 | 603 | 10,474 |
42 | 77 | Qingdao | China | 5,911,000 | 1,656 | 3,569 |
43 | 78 | Surat | India | 5,807,000 | 238 | 24,378 |
Largest cities proper by population
[edit]Rank | City | Population | Definition | Area (km²) | Population density (/km²) | Country | Region |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Manila | 14,942,000 | Metropolitan Capital Region | 638 | 21,000 | Philippines | Southeast Asia |
2 | Shanghai | 13,831,900[18] | Core districts + inner suburbs | 1,928 | 7,174 | China | East Asia |
3 | Seoul | 10,456,034[19] | Special City | 605.4 | 17,271 | South Korea | East Asia |
4 | Beijing | 10,123,000[20] | Core districts + inner suburbs | 1,368.32 | 7,400 | China | East Asia |
5 | Tokyo | 8,795,000[21] | 23 special wards area | 617 | 14,254 | Japan | East Asia |
6 | Jakarta | 8,489,910[22] | Special capital district | 664 | 12,738 | Indonesia | Southeast Asia |
7 | Wuhan | 8,001,541[23] (2006-12-31) | Core districts | 400 | 20,004 | China | East Asia |
8 | Ho Chi Minh City | 7,123,340[24] | Province-level municipality | 2,095.01 | 3,401 | Vietnam | Southeast Asia |
9 | Bangkok | 7,025,000[25] | Administrative area | 1,568.74 | 4,478 | Thailand | Southeast Asia |
10 | Hong Kong | 7,008,900[26] | The entire territory | 1,092 | 6,418 | China | East Asia |
11 | Guangzhou | 6,172,839[23] (2006-12-31) | Core districts | 3,843.43 | 3,004 | China | East Asia |
12 | Tianjin | 5,800,000[27] | Core districts + inner suburbs | 2,057 | 2,820 | China | East Asia |
13 | Singapore | 4,839,400[28] | City-state | 701 | 6,904 | Singapore | Southeast Asia |
14 | Chongqing | 4,776,027[23] | Core districts | 5,467.2 | 1,057 | China | East Asia |
15 | Shenyang | 4,101,197[23] (2006-12-31) | Core districts | 3,495 | 1,173 | China | East Asia |
16 | Yangon | 4,088,000[29] | Urban agglomeration | 598.75[30] | 6,828 | Myanmar | Southeast Asia |
17 | Yokohama | 3,670,000[31] | City proper | 437 | 8,398 | Japan | East Asia |
18 | Busan | 3,596,076[19] | Metropolitan City | 765.66 | 4,697 | South Korea | East Asia |
19 | Pyongyang | 3,255,388[32] | Directly Governed City | 3,194 | 1,019 | North Korea | East Asia |
20 | Cebu | 3,162,009 | Metropolitan City | 1,062 | 3,000 | Philippines | Southeast Asia |
See also
[edit]- Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China
- List of cities in the People's Republic of China by population
- List of cities in the People's Republic of China by GDP per capita
- List of metropolitan areas in Taiwan
- List of Taiwanese counties and cities by population
- List of metropolitan areas by population
- Cities of South Korea
- Cities of North Korea
- List of Japanese cities by population
Notes and references
[edit]- ^ There are restrictions on the movement of labor between Hong Kong and Mainland China and the two areas are usually listed separately in other lists.
- ^ Includes large portions of the prefectures of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Chiba and Saitama; and small portions of Gunma, Tochigi and Ibaraki. Excludes urban areas of Utsunomiya (500,000; 88 km²) and Mito (500,000; 246 km²).
- ^ Various international sources limit their population estimates to DKI Jakarta itself (the national capital district). However, the urbanization of Jakarta extends into the regencies of Tangerang, Bekasi, Bogor and Karawang and the separate cities of Bekasi, Depok and Bogor. Demographia continues to use the "Jakarta" name instead of Jabodetabek because of its familiarity.
- ^ The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), tend to be limited to Metro Manila, which is a province level jurisdiction. The continuous urbanization of Manila extends outward into Bulacan, Cavite, Laguna, Rizal and Quezon provinces. The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
- ^ Includes satellite cities in Gyeonggi Province such as Suwon, Goyang, Seongnam, Bucheon and Ansan which are treated as separate urban agglomerations by the United Nations.
- ^ Includes Nara and Himeji. United Nations estimates separate Osaka–Kobe and Kyoto and exclude both Nara and Himeji. Excludes urban area of Ōtsu (700,000; 389 km²).
- ^ a b c d e Hong Kong and Shenzhen are treated as separate urban areas because of the lack of freedom of labor movement without trade, immigration or customs barriers. Guangzhou–Foshan, Shenzhen and Dongguan are also treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Pearl River Delta economic zone. Likewise, urban areas of Jiangmen–Xinhui (600,000; 130 km²) and Taishan (350,000; 21 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Jiangmen, Huizhou–Huiyang (500,000; 93 km²) within the prefecture-level city of Huiyang, Zhuhai (530,000; 117 km²), Zhongshan (410,000; 130 km²) and Zhaoqing (310,000; 41 km²) as well as urban area of Macau (525,000; 23 km²) in are excluded. Population estimates for Shenzhen and Dongguan are based upon press reports, since the national census excludes millions of residents who do not have permanent resident status.
- ^ Includes Toyohashi.
- ^ The population is lower than other estimates (such as the United Nations), which include metropolitan area population not within the continuously developed urban area. The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of sub-municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration). Excludes urban area of Tangshan (900,000; 168 km²).
- ^ The population is higher than other agglomeration estimates (such as the United Nations), which does not include all of the continuously developed urban area. Continuous urbanization extends well beyond the municipality of Kuala Lumpur, for example to Port Klang and the area represents a single labor market (metropolitan area). The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
- ^ Excludes urban area of Wanzhou (200,000; 16 km²) within the municipality of Chongqing. The direct-controlled municipality of Chongqing, which is sometimes translated as the direct-controlled city of Chongqing, has the largest population of any organism called a city in the stretches far beyond any reasonable definition of a metropolitan area and has a land area similar to that of Austria.
- ^ a b c d e Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou, Nanjing, Wuxi and Changzhou are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Yangtze River Delta economic zone. Urban areas of Ningbo (1,920,000; 570 km2), Cixi City (915,000; 259 km2) and Yuyao (370,000; 111 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Ningbo, Shaoxing (795,000; 254 km2) and Zhuji (400,000; 85 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Shaoxing, Jiaxing (750,000; 130 km2) and Tongxiang (510,000; 52 km2)within the prefecture-level city of Jiaxing, Kunshan (580,000; 401 km2) and Taicang (350,000; 91 km2) within the prefectrual level city of Suzhou, Wenling (510,000; 52 km2), Jiaojiang (375,000; 41 km2), Taizhou (300,000; 39 km2) and Huangyan (200,000; 34 km2) within the prefectrure-level city of Taizhou, Fuyang (370,000; 49 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Hangzhou, Nantong (735,000; 85 km2), Yangzhou (725,000; 49 km2), Huzhou (690,000; 111 km) and Zhenjiang (510,000; 36 km2) are also excluded.
- ^ Excludes urban area of Fushun (625,000; 104 km²).
- ^ Excludes urban area of Johor Bahru (860,000; 583 km²) in Malaysia.
- ^ Excludes urban areas of Acheng (300,000; 39 km²) and Shangzhi (250,000; 16 km²) within the sub-provincial city of Harbin.
- ^ Excludes urban area of Kitakyūshū (1,800,000; 1,166 km²). Some sources combine Fukuoka with Kitakyūshū (such as the United Nations), which is not a part of the continuous urbanization of Fukuoka. The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
- ^ Fukuoka and Kitakyūshū are treated as separate urban areas. Some sources combine Fukuoka with Kitakyūshū (such as the United Nations), which is not a part of the continuous urbanization of Fukuoka. The Demographia population estimate is a "build-up" of municipality population within the continuously developed area (urban area or agglomeration).
- ^ Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Statistics, Shanghai Statistical Yearbook 2009, Total of permanent population (including "floating population")[permanent dead link]. Retrieved on 2009-07-17. Total population as of 2008-12-31 of the following districts (core city + inner suburbs): Pudong New Area, Huangpu, Luwan, Xuhui, Changning, Jing'an, Putuo, Zhabei, Hongkou, Yangpu, Baoshan, Minhang, and Jiading.
- ^ a b Thomas Brinkhoff, www.citypopulation.de; South Korea, The registered population of the South Korean provinces and urban municipalities Registered population 2008-12-31. Retrieved on 2009-08-05.
- ^ Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics, Beijing Statistical Yearbook 2008, Total number of permanent population (including "floating population") Archived 2009-07-04 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2009-03-14. Total population on 2007-12-31(1% sample census) of the two functional areas of 1) Core Districts of Capital Function and 2) Urban Function Extended Districts, including eight fully urban districts. The data is for so-called 'permanent population'; registered population was 7,323,000 the same year.
- ^ Statistics Bureau, Japan, Monthly Statistics, Population of Major Cities (excel-file) Archived 2013-02-08 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2009-08-05. Population estimate on 2009-06-01.
- ^ Penduduk Provinsi DKI Jakarta: Penduduk Provinsi DKI Jakarta Januari 2008 (Demographics and Civil Records Service: Population of the Province of Jakarta January 2008) Archived 2012-04-08 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2008-10-25.
- ^ a b c d "City and region database of Statistics Finland". Archived from the original on 2009-04-24. Retrieved 2008-11-30.
- ^ "Cổng Thông tin điện tử Chính phủ".
- ^ National Statistical Office Thailand, Key Statistics of Thailand 2007; Chapter 1.9, Population Projections (1 July) by Region and Sex (embedded in huge 121MB zipped file!) Archived 2011-05-11 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2009-08-05. Projected de facto population as of 2009. The registered (de jure) population was 5,695,956 in 2006.
- ^ Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong; Population and Vital Events Archived 2008-05-19 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2009-08-05. Estimated population on 2008-12-31. Including 'usual' and 'mobile' residents, but excluding temporary visitors.
- ^ Tianjin Statistical Information Net Archived 2008-09-25 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 2009-01-29. Total population as of 2005-11-01 of the following districts (core city + inner suburbs): Heping, Hedong, Hexi, Nankai, Hebei, Hongqiao, Dongli, Xiqing, Jinnan, and Beichen. Excludes the separate urban area of Binhai.
- ^ Statistics Singapore, Population (Mid-Year Estimates) Archived 2008-11-18 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2008-10-03. Estimated population on 2008-06-30, including Singapore residents plus non-residents. Population of Singapore citizens and residents was 3,642,700 on 2008-06-30.
- ^ United Nations World Urbanization Prospects, 2007 revision Archived 2009-06-18 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Third Regional EST Forum, Presentation of Myanmar. Retrieved 6 June 2009
- ^ Statistics Bureau, Japan, Monthly Statistics, Population of Major Cities (excel-file) Archived 2013-02-08 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2009-08-05. Population estimate on 2009-07-01.
- ^ United Nations Statistics Division; Preliminary results of the 2008 Census of Population of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea conducted on 1-15 October 2008 (pdf-file) Archived 25 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2009-03-01.