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List of carnivorous plants

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Darlingtonia californica is a carnivorous plant, the sole member of the genus Darlingtonia in the family Sarraceniaceae.

This list of carnivorous plants is a comprehensive listing of all known carnivorous plant species, of which more than 750 are currently recognised.[1] Unless otherwise stated it is based on Jan Schlauer's Carnivorous Plant Database Archived 2016-09-18 at the Wayback Machine. Extinct taxa are denoted with a dagger (†).

Some of the species on this list may not satisfy certain strict definitions of plant carnivory, and could alternatively be characterised as merely paracarnivorous or protocarnivorous.

Extant species

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Aldrovanda

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Aldrovanda vesiculosa

This genus contains a single extant species.

Brocchinia

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This genus contains around 20 extant species, of which at least two are thought to be carnivorous.

Byblis

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The following list of 8 species is based on Carnivorous Plants of Australia Magnum Opus (2013).[2]

Catopsis

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This genus contains around 20 extant species, of which at least one is thought to be carnivorous.

Cephalotus

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This genus contains a single extant species.

Darlingtonia

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This genus contains a single extant species.

Dionaea

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Dionaea muscipula

This genus contains a single extant species.

Drosera

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Main article: List of Drosera species

There are around 208 species here:

Drosera binata
Drosera derbyensis
Drosera hartmeyerorum
Drosera madagascariensis
Drosera pedicellaris
Drosera tokaiensis

Drosophyllum

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Drosophyllum lusitanicum

This genus contains a single extant species.

Genlisea

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The following list of 29 species is based on Monograph of the Genus Genlisea (2012).[3]

Genlisea violacea

Heliamphora

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The following list of 23 species (plus 2 undescribed species) is based on Sarraceniaceae of South America (2011).[4]

Heliamphora nutans

Nepenthes

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Main article: List of Nepenthes species

The following list of 170 species (plus 2 undescribed species) is based on Pitcher Plants of the Old World (2009)[5] and New Nepenthes (2011),[6] with the addition of newly described species.

Nepenthes aristolochioides
Nepenthes eymae
Nepenthes rajah
Nepenthes villosa

Philcoxia

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This genus contains seven extant species, all of which are thought to be carnivorous.

Pinguicula

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Main article: List of Pinguicula species
Pinguicula moranensis

Roridula

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This genus contains two extant species.

Sarracenia

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The following list of 8 species is based on Sarraceniaceae of North America (2011).[7]

Sarracenia oreophila

Some authorities additionally recognise up to three more species:

Stylidium

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Main article: List of Stylidium species

Around 300 species of Stylidium are currently recognised.

Stylidium bulbiferum
Stylidium dichotomum
Bud and scape of Stylidium fimbriatum displaying the trichomes that can trap and kill insects.
Stlydium laricifolium print from William Jackson Hooker's 1823 Exotic Flora.
Stylidium productum
Curtis's Botanical Magazine print of Stylidium scandens.
Stylidium turbinatum

Triantha

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This genus contains at least 4 species, one of which was reported to be carnivorous in 2021.[8]

Triphyophyllum

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Triphyophyllum peltatum

This genus contains a single extant species.

Utricularia

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Main article: List of Utricularia species
Utricularia bisquamata
Utricularia dichotoma
Utricularia inflata
Utricularia minor
Utricularia sandersonii
Utricularia warburgii

Extinct species

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Aldrovanda

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Numerous extinct species of Aldrovanda have been described, all of which are known only from fossil pollen and seeds (with the exception of A. inopinata, which is also known from fossilised laminae).

†Archaeamphora

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Artist's restoration of Archaeamphora longicervia.

This genus contains a single extinct species, described from fossilised leaf material. The identification of Archaeamphora as a pitcher plant (and therefore carnivorous plant) has been questioned by a number of authors.[4][9][10]

†Droserapites

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This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen.

†Droserapollis

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This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen.

†Droseridites

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This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen. Three species of the "Droseridites echinosporus group" have been transferred to the genus Nepenthes (see below).

†Fischeripollis

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This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen.

Nepenthes

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Three species known only from fossil pollen and originally assigned to Droseridites have been transferred to the genus Nepenthes.

†Nepenthidites

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This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen. Droseridites major (Nepenthes major) and Droseridites parvus are considered synonyms of Nepenthidites laitryngewensis by some authorities.[11]

†Palaeoaldrovanda

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This is a form taxon known only from what were originally described as fossil seeds. These supposed seeds have subsequently been identified as insect eggs.[9]

†Saxonipollis

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This is a form taxon known only from fossil pollen.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Lowrie, A. (2013). Preface. In: Carnivorous Plants of Australia Magnum Opus - Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. xi–xiii. ISBN 978-1-908787-11-8.
  2. ^ Lowrie, A. (2013). Byblis. In: Carnivorous Plants of Australia Magnum Opus - Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 205–237. ISBN 978-1-908787-11-8.
  3. ^ Fleischmann, A. (2012). Monograph of the Genus Genlisea. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ISBN 978-190-878-700-2.
  4. ^ a b McPherson, S., A. Wistuba, A. Fleischmann & J. Nerz (2011). Sarraceniaceae of South America. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ISBN 978-0-9558918-7-8.
  5. ^ McPherson, S.R. (2009). Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ISBN 978-0-9558918-2-3. ISBN 978-0-9558918-3-0.
  6. ^ McPherson, S.R. (2011). New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ISBN 978-0-9558918-9-2.
  7. ^ McPherson, S. & D. Schnell (2011). Sarraceniaceae of North America. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. ISBN 978-0-9558918-6-1.
  8. ^ Lin, Qianshi; Ané, Cécile; Givnish, Thomas J.; Graham, Sean W. (August 17, 2021). "A new carnivorous plant lineage (Triantha) with a unique sticky-inflorescence trap". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 118 (33): e2022724118. Bibcode:2021PNAS..11822724L. doi:10.1073/pnas.2022724118. PMC 8379919. PMID 34373325.
  9. ^ a b Heřmanová, Z. & J. Kvaček (2010). Late Cretaceous Palaeoaldrovanda, not seeds of a carnivorous plant, but eggs of an insect Archived 2015-10-09 at the Wayback Machine. Journal of the National Museum (Prague), Natural History Series, 179(9): 105–118.
  10. ^ Brittnacher, J. (2013). Phylogeny and biogeography of the Sarraceniaceae. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 42(3): 99–106.
  11. ^ Saxena, R.K. & G.K. Trivedi (2006). A Catalogue of Tertiary Spores and Pollen from India. Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow.
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