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List of Polish–Ottoman wars

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Poland (Kingdom of Poland and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) and the Ottoman Empire have been in many armed conflicts against one another. This includes Polish or Ottoman intervention in wars such as the Hungarian–Ottoman War (1437–1442) or the Battle of Verbia.

Note that this list doesn't only contain wars, but armed conflicts as a whole. Therefore, single battles or raids are allowed to be on here.

  Polish or PolishLithuanian victory

  Ottoman victory

  Another result (Result unknown or indecisive, Status quo ante bellum, treaty or peace without a clear result)

Kingdom of Poland against the Ottoman Empire (1375–1561)

[edit]
Year Conflict Polish side Ottoman side Result
1375–1377 Hungarian–Ottoman War[1]
Part of the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars

Location: Balkans, Kingdom of Hungary

Kingdom of Hungary

Kingdom of Poland

Ottoman Empire

Bulgarian Empire

Wallachia

Polish–Hungarian victory[2]
  • Great financial losses to Hungarian treasury[3]
1389–1396 Hungarian–Ottoman War[4]
Part of the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars
Location: Syrmia, Nikopol, Balkans, Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary

Wallachia

France

Croatia

Holy Roman Empire

Bulgarian Empire

District of Branković

Kingdom of Poland

Knights Hospitaller

Ottoman Empire

Moravian Serbia

Ottoman victory[5]
1415–1419 Hungarian–Ottoman War[7]
Part of the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars

Location: Doboj, Nikopol, Balkans, Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Bosnia

Kingdom of Hungary

Kingdom of Poland

 Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Ottoman Empire

Wallachia

Kingdom of Bosnia

Serbian Despotate

Indecisive
1437–1442 Hungarian–Ottoman War[10]
Part of the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars
Location: Szendrő, Belgrade, Sibiu, Iron Gates, Balkans, Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary

Kingdom of Poland

Serbian Despotate
Taborites

Kingdom of Bosnia

Ottoman Empire

Wallachia

Polish–Hungarian victory[10][11]
1443–1444 Crusade of Varna[12]
Part of the Hungarian–Ottoman Wars and the Crusades
Location: Southern Europe, Balkans
Kingdom of Poland

Kingdom of Hungary

Croatia

 Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Serbian Despotate

Crown of Bohemia

Wallachia

Bulgarian rebels

Kingdom of Bosnia

Papal States

Teutonic Order

Burgundy Duchy of Burgundy
 Republic of Venice
Republic of Ragusa

Byzantine Empire Byzantine Empire

Ottoman Empire Ottoman victory[12][13][14]
1475 Battle of Vaslui[15]
Part of the Moldavian–Ottoman Wars and Hungarian–Ottoman Wars
Location: Near Vaslui
Moldavia
Kingdom of Poland
Kingdom of Hungary
Ottoman Empire Moldavian–allied victory[16]
1485–1503 Polish–Ottoman War[17]
Location: Wild Fields, Moldavia, Southern Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Kingdom of Poland

Duchy of Masovia

Teutonic Order

 Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Ottoman Empire

Crimean Khanate

Moldavia

Ottoman–led victory[18][19]
1502–1510 Moldavian–Polish War[20]
Part of the Moldavian–Polish Wars

Location: Pokuttia, Moldavia, Kingdom of Poland

Kingdom of Poland Moldavia

Ottoman Empire

Polish victory[20][21]
1524 Turko–Tatar raid on Poland[23][24] Kingdom of Poland Ottoman Empire

Crimean Khanate

Polish victory[25][26]
  • Ottomans and Tatars kicked out of Poland[25][26]
1561 Battle of Verbia[27]
Part of the Moldavian Magnate Wars

Location: Verbia, Dorohoi County, Moldavia

Rebel forces

Kingdom of Poland

 Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Holy Roman Empire

Sovereign Military Order of Malta Knights Hospitaller

Zaporizhian Sich

Moldavia

Ottoman Empire

Wallachia

Rebel victory[28]

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth against the Ottoman Empire (1593–1699)

[edit]
Year Conflict Polish side Ottoman side Result
1593–1606 Long Turkish War[29]

Part of the Ottoman–Habsburg Wars

Location: Hungary, Wallachia, Balkans
Habsburg Monarchy

Kingdom of Hungary

Kingdom of Croatia

Grand Duchy of Tuscany

Knights of St. Stephen

Principality of Transylvania

Wallachia

Moldavia

 France

 Spain

Duchy of Ferrara

Zaporozhian Cossacks

Serbian hajduks

Papal States Papal States

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Ottoman Empire

Crimean Khanate

Inconclusive[30]
1595 Jan Zamoyski's expedition to Moldavia[31]

Part of the Moldavian Magnate Wars

Location: Iași, Țuțora, Moldavia
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Ottoman Empire

Moldavia

Crimean Khanate

Polish–Lithuanian victory[32]
1607 Stefan Potocki's raid on Moldavia[34] Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Moldavian opposition

Moldavia Polish–allied victory[34]
1612 Battle of Cornul lui Sas[35][36]

Part of the Moldavian Magnate Wars

Location: Popricani, Iași County

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Moldavian opposition
Ottoman Empire

Moldavia

Crimean Khanate

Moldavian–allied victory[35][36]
1615–1616 Samuel Korecki's expedition to Moldavia[37]
Part of the Moldavian–Polish Wars
Location: Iași, Țuțora, Moldavia
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Moldavian opposition
Ottoman Empire

Moldavia

Crimean Khanate
link Wallachia
Moldavian–Ottoman–Tatar victory[38]
1620–1621 Polish–Ottoman War[39]
Location: Moldavia and Bukovina
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Registered Cossacks

Moldavia

Ottoman Empire

Crimean Khanate

Transylvania Transylvania

Inconclusive[40]
1633–1634 Polish–Ottoman War[41]

Location: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Ottoman Empire

Moldavia

Budjak Horde

Indecisive[42][a]
1672–1676 Polish–Ottoman War[45]
Location: Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

link Wallachia (1673)

Supporters of Khanenko

Ottoman Empire

Crimean Khanate

Supporters of Doroshenko

Ottoman victory[46][b]
1683–1699 Polish–Ottoman War[49]

Part of the Great Turkish War

Location: Austria, Crimea, Hungary, Moldavia, Serbia, Ukraine
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Zaporozhian Cossacks

Holy Roman Empire

Tsardom of Russia Tsardom of Russia (1686–1699)

Ottoman Empire

Crimean Khanate

Principality of Upper Hungary (until 1865)

Transylvania Transylvania

Hungarian Kuruc Resistance

Holy League victory[50]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Polish–Lithuanian military victory[43]
  2. ^ Polish–Lithuanian military victory[46]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Hunyadi, Istvan (1988). "Béla Köpeczi (sous la direction de), Erdély Története (Histoire de Transylvanie) (Préface et 15 chapitres rédigés par 12 auteurs), Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadô, 3 volumes, 1986, 1 945 p., 58 cartes, 38 tableaux, 27 figures, 783 photogr. noir et blanc, 127 photogr. couleurs". Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales. 43 (1): 199–201. doi:10.1017/S0395264900070797. ISSN 0395-2649.
  2. ^ Kristó, Gyula (1988). Az Anjou-kor háborúi. Budapest: Zrínyi Katonai Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-326-905-3.
  3. ^ Rúzsás, Lajos; Szakály, Ferenc, eds. (1986). Mohács: tanulmányok a mohácsi csata 450. évfordulója alkalmából. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-05-3964-7.
  4. ^ Tuchman 1978, p. 549-566.
  5. ^ Tuchman 1978, p. 561.
  6. ^ Huizinga, Johan. The Autumn of the Middle Ages. Translated by Payton, Rodney J.; Mammitzsch, Ulrich. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. p. 69.
  7. ^ Sievernich, Gereon; Budde, Hendrik (1989). Europa und der Orient 800-1900, 28. Mai-27. August 1989: eine Ausstellung des 4. Weltkulturen Horizonte 89 im Martin-Gropius Bau. München: Bertelsmann Lexikon Verl. pp. 245–248. ISBN 978-3-570-04814-6.
  8. ^ "Doboj 1415". Balkan Military History. Retrieved 2024-02-14.
  9. ^ Schmitt, Oliver Jens; Pezo, Edvin, eds. (2021). Herrschaft und Politik in Südosteuropa von 1300 bis 1800. Handbuch zur Geschichte Südosteuropas. Berlin Boston: de Gruyter Oldenbourg. pp. 120–126. ISBN 978-3-11-074394-4.
  10. ^ a b c Bánlaky, József. A magyar nemzet hadtörténelme (A törökök 1438. évi betörése.) (in Hungarian).
  11. ^ a b Długosz, Jan; Baczkowski, Krzysztof; Korczak, Lidia; Mruk, Julia; Pirożyńska, Czesława; Wyrozumski, Jerzy (2009). Jana Długosza Roczniki czyli Kroniki sławnego Królestwa Polskiego. Ks. 11, Ks. 12: 1431-1444 (Wyd. 2 ed.). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. p. 309. ISBN 978-83-01-16076-0.
  12. ^ a b c d Imber, Colin (2006). The Crusade of Varna, 1443-45. Crusade texts in translation. Aldershot Burlington (Vt.): Ashgate. pp. 9–31. ISBN 978-0-7546-0144-9.
  13. ^ Borus, József, ed. (1985). Magyarország hadtörténete. 1: A honfoglalástól a kiegyezésig / szerkesztő Borus József. Budapest: Zrínyi Katonai Kiadó. ISBN 978-963-326-337-2.
  14. ^ Csorba, Csaba; Estók, János; Salamon, Konrád (1999). Magyarország képes története. Budapest: Magyar Könyvklub. ISBN 978-963-548-961-9.
  15. ^ Kármán, Gábor; Kunčević, Lovro (2013). The European tributary states of the Ottoman Empire in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The Ottoman Empire and its heritage. Leiden Boston: Brill. p. 266. ISBN 978-90-04-24606-5.
  16. ^ Kállay, Ferencz (1850). Historiai brtekezés a' nemes székely nemzet' eredetéről: hadi és polgári intézeteiről a régi időkben.
  17. ^ Shirogorov, Vladimir (2021). War on the eve of nations: conflicts and militaries in Eastern Europe, 1450-1500. Lanham: Lexington Books. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-7936-2240-2.
  18. ^ Eagles, Jonathan (2014). Stephen the Great and Balkan Nationalism: Moldova and Eastern European History. p. 58.
  19. ^ a b Shaw, Stanford Jay; Shaw, Ezel Kural (1976). History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29163-7.
  20. ^ a b Spieralski, Zdzisław. Awantury mołdawskie. pp. 64–71.
  21. ^ Plewczyński, Marek (2011). Wojny i wojskowość polska XVI wieku. T. 1: Lata 1500 - 1548. Seria Bitwy, Taktyka. pp. 149–156. ISBN 978-83-89943-64-4.
  22. ^ Gebethnera, Wolffa. Zameczki Podolskie na Kresach Multańskich. T. 1, Kamieniec nad Smotryczem. p. 83.
  23. ^ Gieysztor, Aleksander; Kieniewicz, Stefan; Rostwokowski, Emanuel; Tazbir, Janusz; Wereszycki, Henryk (1979). History of Poland (2nd ed.). Warsaw: Polish Scientific Publishers. p. 149.
  24. ^ Wawrzyniak, Krzysztof (June 2003). Ottoman Polish diplomatic relations in the sixteenth century. Ankara: Bilkent University. p. 32.
  25. ^ a b "Sukces polityki unikania wojny z Turcją: pokój z 1533 r." www.wilanow-palac.pl.
  26. ^ a b "Ottoman Polish Armed Conflicts 1497-1699".
  27. ^ Sergescu, Marie Kesterska. Albert Laski et ses relations avec les Roumains (VIII ed.). pp. 253–276.
  28. ^ a b Carvatiuc, p. 119; Constantinov, p. 100 ISBN 978-9975-4477-3-7; Teculescu, p. 15' Xenopol, p. 67
  29. ^ Velimirović, Nikolaj (1989). The life of St. Sava (Revised ed.). Crestwood, NY: Saint Vladimir's Seminary Pr. p. 159. ISBN 978-0-88141-065-5.
  30. ^ a b Setton, Kenneth Meyer (1984). The Papacy and the Levant, 1204–1571. Vol. IV: The Sixteenth Century from Julius III to Pius V. p. 1097.
  31. ^ "Jan Zamoyski: Zdobywca mimo woli". histmag.org.
  32. ^ Plewczyński, Marek (2013). Wojny i wojskowość polska XVI wieku. T. 3: Lata 1576 - 1599. Seria Bitwy, Taktyka. pp. 302–304. ISBN 978-83-64023-10-1.
  33. ^ Histmag.org (2017-04-01). "Jak Rzeczpospolita Turków i Tatarów pobiła za co... została potępiona przez papieża". Historia (in Polish).
  34. ^ a b c Besala, Jerzy. Wielkie zwycięstwa Rzeczypospolitej. p. 28.
  35. ^ a b Costin, Miron. Letopisețul Țărîi Moldovei de la Aaron Vodă încoace.
  36. ^ a b Giurescu, C.C. (1944). Istoria Românilor. Vol. III, partea întîi. p. 16.
  37. ^ Kalinowska, Anna; Perłakowski, Adam; Rolnik, Adam. From Volhynia to the Bosphorus: The Moldavian adventures of Duke Samuel Korecki. p. 6.
  38. ^ a b "O Samuelu Koreckim". www.wilanow-palac.pl.
  39. ^ Sikora, Radosław (2005). Wojskowość polska w dobie wojny polsko-szwedzkiej 1626-1629: kryzys mocarstwa. Poznań: Wydawnictwo i Drukarnia Sorus. ISBN 978-83-89949-09-7.
  40. ^ a b Gruševsʹkij, Mihajlo Sergìjovič; Plohìj, Sergìj Mikolajovič; Sysyn, Frank E.; Pasicznyk, Uliana M. (1999). History of Ukraine-Rus'. The history of the Ukrainian cossacks. Edmonton (Alta.): Canadian institute of Ukrainian studies press. p. 373. ISBN 978-1-895571-28-8.
  41. ^ Imber, C. (2002-05-01). "Review: Ottoman-Polish Diplomatic Relations, 15th-18th Century: An Annotated Edition of 'Ahdnames and Other Documents * Dariusz Kolodziejczyk: Ottoman-Polish Diplomatic Relations, 15th-18th Century: An Annotated Edition of 'Ahdnames and Other Documents". Journal of Islamic Studies. 13 (2): 240–241. doi:10.1093/jis/13.2.240. ISSN 0955-2340.
  42. ^ Szabados, János (2021). "The Habsburg and Transylvanian Aims Related to the Campaign of the Ottomans against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1634)". Prace Historyczne. 148 (4). Szeged: University of Szeged: 740–741. doi:10.4467/20844069PH.21.048.14024.
  43. ^ Polska przedmurzem Europy. Warsaw: Twój Styl. 2004. p. 71.
  44. ^ Sikorski, Janusz (1990). Polskie tradycje wojskowe. Warsaw: Bellona Publishing House. p. 295.
  45. ^ Tucker 2010, p. 648.
  46. ^ a b Freeman, Edward Augustus (1877). The Ottoman Power in Europe Its Nature, Its Growth, and Its Decline by Edward A. Freeman. Macmillan. p. 149.
  47. ^ Tucker 2010, p. 655.
  48. ^ Bentkowska, Anna (2003), "John Sobieski [Jan III; Jana III; John III], King of Poland", Oxford Art Online, Oxford University Press, p. 416, doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t045004, ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4
  49. ^ Tucker 2010, p. 661.
  50. ^ a b Nolan, Cathal J. (2008). Wars of the Age of Louis XIV, 1650–1715: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare. p. 27.
  51. ^ a b Ágoston, Gábor; Masters, Bruce Alan, eds. (2009). Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Facts on File library of world history. New York, NY: Facts On File. pp. 309–310. ISBN 978-0-8160-6259-1. OCLC 227205977.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Tuchman, Barbara (1978), A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous 14th Century, pp. 549–566
  • Horea Teculescu, "Sicriul lui Despot-Vodă", in Țara Noastră, Vol. XI, Issue 1, January 1931, pp. 12–18.
  • A. D. Xenopol, Istoria românilor din Dacia Traiană. Vol. V: Epoca lui Mihai Viteazul. Bucharest: Cartea Românească, 1927.
  • Tucker, Spencer Coakley (2010), A Global Chronology of Conflict, vol. 2, Santa Barbara