List of amphibians of Alabama

The U.S. state of Alabama has 73 known indigenous amphibian species.^[1] These indigenous species include 30 frog and toad species and 43 salamander species.^[2]^[3]^[4] Two of these native species may have become extirpated within the state. They are the Mississippi gopher frog and flatwoods salamander.^[1]^[5]

Human predation, pollution, and habitat destruction has placed several amphibian species at risk of extirpation or extinction. The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources lists the conservation status of each species within the state with a rank of lowest, low, moderate, high, and highest concern.^[1]

Frogs and toads

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Anaxyrus americanus	American toad	Bufonidae	Lowest
Anaxyrus fowleri	Fowler's toad	Bufonidae	Lowest
Anaxyrus quercicus	oak toad	Bufonidae	Moderate
Anaxyrus terrestris	southern toad	Bufonidae	Lowest
Incilius nebulifer	Gulf Coast toad	Bufonidae	Unranked
Acris crepitans	northern cricket frog	Hylidae	Low
Acris gryllus	southern cricket frog	Hylidae	Lowest
Dryophytes andersonii	pine barrens treefrog	Hylidae	High
Dryophytes avivocus	bird-voiced treefrog	Hylidae	Lowest
Dryophytes chrysoscelis	Cope's gray treefrog	Hylidae	Lowest
Dryophytes cinereus	American green treefrog	Hylidae	Lowest
Dryophytes femoralis	pine woods treefrog	Hylidae	Lowest
Dryophytes gratiosus	barking treefrog	Hylidae	Low
Dryophytes squirellus	squirrel treefrog	Hylidae	Low
Pseudacris brachyphona	mountain chorus frog	Hylidae	Lowest
Pseudacris collinsorum	Collinses' mountain chorus frog	Hylidae	Unranked
Pseudacris crucifer	spring peeper	Hylidae	Lowest
Pseudacris feriarum	upland chorus frog	Hylidae	Lowest
Pseudacris nigrita	southern chorus frog	Hylidae	Lowest
Pseudacris ocularis	little grass frog	Hylidae	High
Pseudacris ornata	ornate chorus frog	Hylidae	Moderate
Osteopilus septentrionalis	Cuban tree frog	Hylidae	Exotic invasive throughout Florida, becoming more common in southern Alabama^[6]
Eleutherodactylus planirostris	greenhouse frog	Eleutherodactylidae	Exotic, Native to Cuba and the Caribbean.
Gastrophryne carolinensis	eastern narrowmouth toad	Microhylidae	Lowest
Scaphiopus holbrookii	eastern spadefoot	Pelobatidae	Low
Lithobates capito	gopher frog	Ranidae	Highest
Lithonates catesbeiana	American bullfrog	Ranidae	Lowest
Lithobates clamitans ssp.	bronze frog green frog	Ranidae	Lowest
Lithobates grylio	pig frog	Ranidae	Lowest
Lithobates sevosa	Mississippi gopher frog	Ranidae	Possibly extirpated/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as endangered
Lithobates heckscheri	river frog	Ranidae	Highest
Lithobates palustris	pickerel frog	Ranidae	Low
Lithobates sphenocephala	southern leopard frog	Ranidae	Lowest
Lithobates sylvatica	wood frog	Ranidae	Moderate

Salamanders

Scientific name	Common name	Family	Conservation concern
Ambystoma bishopi	reticulated flatwoods salamander	Ambystomatidae	Highest
Ambystoma cingulatum	flatwoods salamander	Ambystomatidae	Possibly extirpated/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as threatened
Ambystoma maculatum	spotted salamander	Ambystomatidae	Low
Ambystoma opacum	marbled salamander	Ambystomatidae	Low
Ambystoma talpoideum	mole salamander	Ambystomatidae	Low
Ambystoma texanum	smallmouth salamander	Ambystomatidae	Moderate
Ambystoma tigrinum	eastern tiger salamander	Ambystomatidae	Moderate
Amphiuma means	two-toed amphiuma	Amphiumidae	Low
Amphiuma pholeter	one-toed amphiuma	Amphiumidae	High
Amphiuma tridactylum	three-toed amphiuma	Amphiumidae	Low
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis	hellbender	Cryptobranchidae	Highest
Aneides aeneus	green salamander	Plethodontidae	High
Desmognathus aeneus	seepage salamander	Plethodontidae	High
Desmognathus apalachicolae	Apalachicola dusky salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Desmognathus auriculatus	southern dusky salamander	Plethodontidae	Highest
Desmognathus cheaha	Talladega seal salamander	Plethodontidae	Unranked
Desmognathus conanti	spotted dusky salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Desmognathus monticola	seal salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Desmognathus ocoee	Ocoee salamander	Plethodontidae	Moderate
Eurycea aquatica	brownback salamander	Plethodontidae	Moderate
Eurycea chamberlaini	Chamberlain's dwarf salamander	Plethodontidae	Moderate
Eurycea cirrigera	southern two-lined salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Eurycea guttolineata	three-lined salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Eurycea hillisi	Hillis's dwarf salamander	Plethodontidae	Unranked
Eurycea longicauda	long-tailed salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Eurycea lucifuga	cave salamander spotted-tail salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Eurycea quadridigitata	dwarf salamander	Plethodontidae	Moderate
Eurycea sphagnicola	bog dwarf salamander	Plethodontidae	Unranked
Gyrinophilus palleucus	Tennessee cave salamander	Plethodontidae	High
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus ssp.	spring salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Hemidactylium scutatum	four-toed salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Phaeognathus hubrichti	Red Hills salamander	Plethodontidae	High/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife lists as threatened Official state amphibian
Plethodon glutinosus	northern slimy salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Plethodon dorsalis	northern zigzag salamander	Plethodontidae	Unranked
Plethodon grobmani	southeastern slimy salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Plethodon mississippi	Mississippi slimy salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Plethodon serratus	southern redback salamander	Plethodontidae	Moderate
Plethodon ventralis	southern zigzag salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Plethodon websteri	Webster's salamander	Plethodontidae	Lowest
Pseudotriton montanus flavissimus	Gulf Coast mud salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Pseudotriton ruber ruber	northern red salamander	Plethodontidae	Low
Pseudotriton ruber vioscai	southern red salamander	Plethodontidae	Moderate
Necturus alabamensis	Alabama waterdog Black Warrior waterdog	Proteidae	High
Necturus beyeri	Gulf Coast waterdog speckled waterdog Beyer's waterdog	Proteidae	Low
Necturus maculosus	common mudpuppy	Proteidae	Low
Necturus mounti	Escambia waterdog	Proteidae	Unranked
Necturus moleri	Apalachicola waterdog	Proteidae	Unranked
Necturus species	Loding's waterdog	Proteidae	Low/ Taxonomy undescribed Known from lesser Gulf of Mexico drainages from Mobile Bay eastward.
Notophthalmus viridescens ssp.	eastern newt	Salamandridae	Lowest
Siren intermedia	lesser siren	Sirenidae	Lowest
Siren lacertina	greater siren	Sirenidae	Moderate
Siren nettingi	western lesser siren	Sirenidae	Unranked
Siren reticulata	reticulated siren/leopard eel	Sirenidae	Undetermined Species identified in 2018 Known from two locations in the southern pin plains and hills of the state.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Mirarchi, Ralph E. (2004). Alabama Wildlife: Volume One. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. pp. 105–118. ISBN 978-0-81735-1304.
^ Alden, Peter (1999). National Audubon Society Field Guide to the Southeastern States. New York, New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 256–262. ISBN -0-679-44683-4.
^ "Frogs". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 14, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
^ "Salamanders". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
^ "Amphibians in Alabama". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
^ Anderson, Wesley. "Alabama Invader: The Cuban Treefrog". Alabama Extension. Alabama Cooperative Extension System. Retrieved 25 September 2024.

[alawildlife-1] Mirarchi, Ralph E. (2004). Alabama Wildlife: Volume One. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: University of Alabama Press. pp. 105–118. ISBN 978-0-81735-1304.

[2] Alden, Peter (1999). National Audubon Society Field Guide to the Southeastern States. New York, New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 256–262. ISBN -0-679-44683-4.

[outalafrogs-3] "Frogs". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 14, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.

[outalasalamanders-4] "Salamanders". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on September 28, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.

[outalaamphib-5] "Amphibians in Alabama". Outdoor Alabama. Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.

[6] Anderson, Wesley. "Alabama Invader: The Cuban Treefrog". Alabama Extension. Alabama Cooperative Extension System. Retrieved 25 September 2024.

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