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List of Opuntia species

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List of Opuntia species.

The genus Opuntia is within the tribe Opuntieae of the subfamily Opuntioideae, in the family Cactaceae.

List

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Species of Opuntia currently accepted, with approximate native ranges, include:[1]

Image Flower Scientific name Common Name   Distribution Cytology[2]
Opuntia abjecta Small ex Britton & Rose Florida (Keys) 2n = 22, 2n = 44
Opuntia aciculata Griffiths Chenille prickly pear, old man's whiskers, cowboy's red whiskers Texas to Mexico (Nuevo León) 2n = 44
Opuntia altomagdalenensis Xhonneux Colombia
Opuntia amarilla Griffiths Mexico (Guanajuato to Hidalgo) 2n = 88
Opuntia anahuacensis Griffiths Texas
Opuntia arechavaletae Speg. S. Brazil to NE. Argentina
Opuntia atrispina Griffiths SW. Texas to Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila) 2n = 22, 2n = 44
Opuntia auberi Pfeiff. Mexico to Central America, Cuba.
Opuntia aurantiaca Lindl. 2n = 44 |
Opuntia aurea E.M.Baxter S. Utah to N. Arizona 2n=66
Opuntia aureispina (S.Brack & K.D.Heil) Pinkava & B.D.Parfitt SW. Texas to Mexico (Coahuila) 2n = 22
Opuntia austrina Small Central Florida
Opuntia azurea Rose NE. Mexico (to Veracruz and Jalisco) 2n = 22
Opuntia basilaris Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow beavertail cactus SW. U.S.A. to Mexico (Baja California Norte, Sonora) 2n=22
Opuntia bonaerensis Speg. Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to NE. Argentina
Opuntia bonplandii (Kunth) F.A.C.Weber Ecuador. 2n = 88
Opuntia bravoana E.M.Baxter Mexico (Baja California Sur) 2n = 66
Opuntia caboensis F.Mercado & León de la Luz Mexico (Baja California Sur).
Opuntia camanchica Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow SE. California to W. Oklahoma and W. & S. Texas 2n = 66
Opuntia canterae Arechav. SW. & S. Uruguay
Opuntia caracassana Salm-Dyck S. Caribbean to Colombia 2n = 22
Opuntia cespitosa Raf. SE. Canada to E. Central & E. U.S.A.
Opuntia chaffeyi Britton & Rose NE. Mexico 2n = 44
Opuntia chiangiana Scheinvar & Manzanero Mexico (Oaxaca)
Opuntia chisosensis (M.S.Anthony) D.J.Ferguson Texas to Mexico (Coahuila) 2n = 22
Opuntia chlorotica Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow pancake prickly pear native to southwest USA and the Sonoran and Mojave deserts 2n=22
Opuntia clarkiorum Rebman Mexico (Baja California Norte)
Opuntia cochenillifera (L.) Mill. Mexico.
Opuntia crassa Haw. Mexico (México State to Guanajuato). 2n = 88
Opuntia crystalenia Griffiths Mexico (Tabasco)
Opuntia cubensis Britton & Rose Cuba 2n = 44
Opuntia curassavica (L.) Mill. Caribbean to N. Venezuela
Opuntia curvispina Griffiths S. Nevada to SE. California and W. & N. Arizona. 2n = 44
Opuntia deamii Rose Mexico (Chiapas) to Honduras
Opuntia decumbens Salm-Dyck El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico Central, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panamá
Opuntia dejecta Salm-Dyck Mexico to Nicaragua, Cuba
Opuntia delafuentiana Martínez-Gonz., Luna-Vega, Gallegos & García-Sand. Mexico (Hidalgo)
Opuntia depressa Rose SW. & Central Mexico (to Veracruz)
Opuntia diploursina Stock, N.Hussey & Beckstrom Grand Canyon and Lake Mead National Recreation Area 2n=22
Opuntia discolor Britton & Rose Bolivia to N. Argentina
Opuntia drummondii Graham Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas
Opuntia dulcis Engelm. New Mexico to W. Texas. 2n = 66
Opuntia eichlamii Rose Mexico (Chiapas) to Guatemala 2n = 66
Opuntia elata Link & Otto ex Salm-Dyck S. Bolivia to Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) and N. to Argentina 2n = 22, 2n = 44
Opuntia elatior Mill. S. Caribbean, Costa Rica to Venezuela 2n = 22, 2n = 66
Opuntia elizondoana E.Sánchez & Villaseñor Mexico (Guanajuato to San Luis Potosí). 2n = 44
Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck ex Engelm. Engelmann's prickly pear, cow's-tongue prickly pear, desert prickly pear, discus prickly pear, Texas prickly pear, calico cactu Arizona, California, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, Mexico 2n=66
Opuntia erinacea Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah and N. Mexico
Opuntia escuintlensis (Matuda) Lodé Mexico (Chiapas)
Opuntia excelsa Sánchez-Mej. Mexico (to Sinaloa) 2n = 22
Opuntia feroacantha Britton & Rose Mexico (Sinaloa to Michoacán)
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Indian fig opuntia Mexico (Oaxaca) 2n = 22
Opuntia fragilis (Nutt.) Haw. little prickly pear, brittle cactus the Great Plains, parts of the Midwest and in several Canadian provinces, up to 56°N 2n = 66
Opuntia fuliginosa Griffiths Mexico 2n = 88
Opuntia galapageia Hensl. Galápagos prickly pear Galápagos Islands 2n = 66
Opuntia gallegiana Scheinvar & Olalde Mexico (Zacatecas).
Opuntia gosseliniana F.A.C.Weber violet prickly pear Arizona to Mexico (Sonora) 2n = 22
Opuntia guatemalensis Britton & Rose Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico (Veracruz, Oaxaca), Nicaragua
Opuntia guilanchi Griffiths Mexico
Opuntia hitchcockii J.G.Ortega Mexico (Sinaloa, Nayarit)
Opuntia hondurensis Standl. Honduras
Opuntia howeyi J.A.Purpus Mexico (Zacatecas)
Opuntia huajuapensis Bravo Mexico (Veracruz, Puebla, Oaxaca)
Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. eastern prickly pear   humid regions of Eastern United States and northerly regions into Canada, Mexico (Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí) n = 22, 2n=44
Opuntia hyptiacantha F.A.C.Weber Mexico. 2n = 66
Opuntia inaequilateralis A.Berger Peru. 2n = 66
Opuntia inaperta (Schott ex Griffiths) D.R.Hunt SE. Mexico (to Veracruz)
Opuntia jaliscana Bravo Mexico
Opuntia jamaicensis Britton & Harris Jamaica 2n = 22
Opuntia kingstoniana Guiggi Jamaica.
Opuntia lagunae E.M.Baxter Mexico (Baja California Sur)
Opuntia lasiacantha Pfeiff. Mexico 2n = 88
Opuntia leucotricha DC. arborescent prickly pear, Aaron's beard cactus, semaphore cactus, Duraznillo blanco, nopal blanco N. & W. Mexico 2n = 44
Opuntia littoralis (Engelm.) Cockerell coastal prickly pear, sprawling prickly pear California to Mexico (Baja California Norte) 2n = 66
Opuntia lutea (Rose) D.R.Hunt Mexico (Oaxaca, Chiapas), Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua
Opuntia mackensenii Rose Texas 2n = 44
Opuntia macrocentra Engelm. black-spined prickly pear, purple prickly pear southwest USA and northern Mexico 2n = 22
Opuntia macrorhiza Engelm. Plains prickly pear Great Plains except for the northernmost areas (not found in North Dakota), and extending sporadically eastward as far as Kentucky 2n = 22, 2n=44
Opuntia mantaroensis Guiggi Peru
Opuntia martiniana (L.D.Benson) B.D.Parfitt Arizona
Opuntia matudae Scheinvar xoconostle Mexico 2n = 66
Opuntia maxima Mill. Central & SW. Mexico
Opuntia megacantha Salm-Dyck Mexico (to Jalisco) 2n = 66
Opuntia megapotamica Arechav. Argentina, Brazil , Uruguay
Opuntia megarrhiza Rose Mexico (Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí) 2n = 66
Opuntia mesacantha Raf. United States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia)
Opuntia microdasys (Lehm.) Pfeiff. bunny ears cactus, polka-dot cactus Mexico 2n = 22
Opuntia militaris Britton & Rose Cuba
Opuntia monacanthos (Willd.) Haw. common prickly pear Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay
Opuntia nemoralis Griffiths United States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Texas)
Opuntia nicholii L.D.Benson United States (Arizona, Nevada, Utah )
Opuntia ochrocentra Small ex Britton & Rose Florida (Big Pine Key) 2n = 55
Opuntia orbiculata Salm-Dyck ex Pfeiff. United States (Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas), Mexico 2n = 22, 2n = 44
Opuntia oricola Philbrick California to Mexico (Baja California Norte) 2n = 33, 2n = 66
Opuntia pachyrrhiza H.M.Hern., Gómez-Hin. & Bárcenas Mexico (Nuevo León, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí) 2n = 22
Opuntia parviclada S.Arias & Gama Mexico (Puebla, Oaxaca)
Opuntia peckii J.A.Purpus Mexico
Opuntia perotensis Scheinvar, Olalde & Gallegos Mexico (Veracruz)
Opuntia phaeacantha Engelm. tulip prickly pear, includes plateau prickly pear, brown-spined prickly pear, Mojave prickly pear, Kingman prickly pear United States (Arizona, California, Colorado, Kansas, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah), Mexico 2n=66
Opuntia pilifera F.A.C.Weber Central Mexico (to Oaxaca) 2n = 88
Opuntia pinkavae B.D.Parfitt Pinkava prickly pear SW. Utah to NW. Arizona 2n=88
Opuntia pittieri Britton & Rose Colombia
Opuntia polyacantha Haw. Plains prickly pear, Starvation Prickly pear, Panhandle prickly pear the Great Plains, Great Basin, Mojave Desert, Colorado Plateau, and the Rocky Mountains 2n=22, 2n=44
Opuntia pottsii Salm-Dyck SE. Arizona to W. Texas and NE. Mexico 2n = 44 , 2n = 66
Opuntia preciadoae Scheinvar, Olalde, Gallegos & J.Morales S. N. Mexico
Opuntia puberula Pfeiff. Mexico to Guatemala 2n = 66
Opuntia pubescens H.L.Wendl. ex Pfeiff. Mexico to Venezuela and Paraguay 2n = 44
Opuntia pycnantha Engelm. Mexico (Baja California Sur)
Opuntia quimilo K.Schum. Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay 2n = 22
Opuntia quitensis F.A.C.Weber Red Buttons opuntia Colombia, Ecuador, Peru 2n=22, 2n =44
Opuntia rastrera F.A.C.Weber Mexico (to Veracruz and Jalisco) 2n = 66
Opuntia repens Bello Hispaniola to Virgin Islands 2n = 22, 2n = 44
Opuntia retrorsa Speg. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay
Opuntia ritteri A.Berger Mexico (Zacatecas)
Opuntia robinsonii J.G.Ortega N. & W. Mexico
Opuntia robusta H.L.Wendl. ex Pfeiff. Mexico 2n = 22, 2n = 44
Opuntia rufida Engelm. SW. Texas to NE. Mexico 2n = 22
Opuntia rzedowskii Scheinvar Mexico (México D.F.) 2n = 88
Opuntia sanguinea Proctor Jamaica 2n = 22
Opuntia scheeri F.A.C.Weber NE. Mexico (to Jalisco) 2n = 22
Opuntia schumannii F.A.C.Weber ex A.Berger Colombia, Venezuela
Opuntia setocarpa Arreola-Nava, Guzm.-Hern. & Cuevas Mexico (Jalisco)
Opuntia sierralagunensis León de la Luz & F.Mercado Mexico (Baja California Sur).
Opuntia soederstromiana Britton & Rose Colombia, Ecuador 2n = 88
Opuntia spinosibacca M.S.Anthony SW. Texas to Mexico (Coahuila)
Opuntia spinulifera Salm-Dyck E. & Central Mexico
Opuntia stenarthra K.Schum. E. Bolivia to Central Paraguay and NE. Argentina
Opuntia stenopetala Engelm. NE. Mexico (to Veracruz)
Opuntia streptacantha Lem. Mexico to Guatemala
Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw. erect prickly pear, spineless prickly pear SE. U.S.A. to E. & S. Mexico 2n = 66
Opuntia strigil Engelm. W. Texas to NE. Mexico 2n = 22, 2n = 44
Opuntia sulphurea G.Don ex Salm-Dyck Bolivia to Uruguay. 2n = 22
Opuntia tapona Engelm. ex J.M.Coult. Mexico (Baja California Sur)
Opuntia tehuacana S.Arias & U.Guzmán Mexico (Puebla, Oaxaca)
Opuntia tehuantepecana (Bravo) Bravo Mexico (Oaxaca, Chiapas).
Opuntia tezontepecana Gallegos & Scheinvar Mexico (Hidalgo)
Opuntia tomentosa Salm-Dyck Mexico to Honduras
Opuntia tortispina Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow United States (Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Wyoming ) 2n = 44
Opuntia triacanthos (Willd.) Sweet Puerto Rico to Lesser Antilles.
Opuntia tuna (L.) Mill. Mexico, S. Jamaica 2n = 44
Opuntia tunoidea Gibbes Coastal South Carolina
Opuntia velutina F.A.C.Weber Mexico.
Opuntia wilcoxii Britton & Rose Mexico
Opuntia zacuapanensis A.Berger Mexico (Veracruz)
Opuntia zamudioi Scheinvar Mexico (Querétaro, San Luis Potosí) 2n = 88

Natural Hybrids

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Image Flower Scientific name Parentage   Distribution Cytology
Opuntia × aequatorialis Britton & Rose O. pubescens × O. soederstromiana Ecuador
Opuntia × alta Griffiths O. engelmannii var. lindheimeri × O. stricta SE. Texas to SW. Louisiana
Opuntia × andersonii H.M.Hern., Gómez-Hin. & Bárcenas O. engelmannii × O. microdasys NE. Mexico
Opuntia × carstenii R.Puente & C.Hamann  O. microdasys × O. stenopetala Mexico (Coahuila)
Opuntia × charlestonensis Clokey O. phaeacantha × O. polyacantha var erinacea. Nevada
Opuntia × cochinera Griffiths O. microdasys × O. stenopetala Mexico (Coahuila)
Opuntia × coloradensis D.J.Barnett & Donnie Barnett O. fragilis × O. polyacantha var. hystricina. Colorado
Opuntia × columbiana Griffiths O. fragilis × O. polyacantha W. Canada to NW. U.S.A
Opuntia × cristalensis Oakley, Font & M.Köhler  O. elata var. obovata × O. ficus-indica. Argentina
Opuntia × debreczyi Szutorisz O. fragilis × O. polyacantha. SW. Wyoming to NW. New Mexico  
Opuntia × demissa Griffiths O. littoralis × O. oricola  California
Opuntia × occidentalis Engelm. & J.M.Bigelow O. engelmannii × O. littoralis × O. phaeacantha. SW. California to Mexico (Baja California)
Opuntia × rooneyi M.P.Griff. O. aureispina × O. macrocentra. SW. Texas
Opuntia × vaseyi (J.M.Coult.) Britton & Rose O. aurea × O. pinkavae SW. Utah
Opuntia × woodburyi (W.H.Earle ex S.L.Welsh) Stock O. littoralis × O. phaeacantha SW. California

References

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  1. ^ "Plants of the World Online". Plants of the World Online. 2020-05-29. Retrieved 2024-07-30.
  2. ^ Majure, Lucas C.; Puente, Raul; Pinkava, Donald J. (2012). "Miscellaneous Chromosome Numbers in Opuntieae Dc. (Cactaceae) with a Compilation of Counts for the Group". Haseltonia. 18: 67–78. doi:10.2985/026.018.0109. ISSN 1070-0048.
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