List of National Historic Sites of Canada in Ontario

This is a list of National Historic Sites (French: Lieux historiques nationaux) in the province of Ontario. As of July 2021, there were 274 sites designated in Ontario, 39 of which are administered by Parks Canada (identified below and on the cluster pages listed below by the beaver icon ). Of all provinces and territories, Ontario has the greatest number of National Historic Sites, and the largest number under Parks Canada administration, with a dense concentration in southern Ontario. The five largest clusters are listed separately:

· List of National Historic Sites in Hamilton

· List of National Historic Sites in Kingston

· List of National Historic Sites in Niagara Region

· List of National Historic Sites in Ottawa

· List of National Historic Sites in Toronto

Numerous National Historic Events also occurred across Ontario, and are identified at places associated with them, using the same style of federal plaque which marks National Historic Sites. Several National Historic Persons are commemorated throughout the province in the same way. The markers do not indicate which designation—a Site, Event, or Person—a subject has been given. The Rideau Canal is a Site, for example, while the Welland Canal is an Event. The cairn and plaque to John Macdonell does not refer to a National Historic Person, but is erected because his home, Glengarry House, is a National Historic Site. Similarly, the plaque to John Guy officially marks not a Person, but an Event—the Landing of John Guy.

This list uses names designated by the national Historic Sites and Monuments Board, which may differ from other names for these sites.

  * UNESCO World Heritage Site unit

National Historic Sites

Site	Date(s)	Designated	Location	Description	Image
Adelaide Hunter Hoodless Homestead	1839 (completed)	1995	Brant County 43°14′13″N 80°17′48″W	The childhood home of activist and organizer Adelaide Hunter Hoodless, educational reformer and co-founder of the Women's Institute, the National Council of Women of Canada and the Victorian Order of Nurses
Algoma Central Engine House	1912 (completed)	1992	Sault Ste. Marie 46°31′41.38″N 84°21′1.94″W	A well-preserved example of a brick engine house, and the first in Canada to have an internal turntable
Algonquin Provincial Park	1893 (established)	1992	Nipissing - Unorganized South Part (primarily) 45°35′03″N 78°21′30″W	The first provincial park in Canada, noted for its pioneering role in park management, visitor interpretation programs and the development of park buildings and structures, as well as its role in inspiring artists such as the Group of Seven
Amherstburg First Baptist Church	1849 (completed)	2012	Amherstburg 42°6′9.66″N 83°6′20.65″W	A modest wooden church that was a major Underground Railroad church in Upper Canada and that played a crucial role in the development of the Black community in Ontario
Amherstburg Navy Yard	1796 (established)	1928	Amherstburg 42°6′6.78″N 83°6′45.21″W	The site of a Royal Navy shipyard from 1796–1813, which served as the hub of the British naval presence on the upper Great Lakes
Annandale House/Tillsonburg Museum	1882 (completed)	1997	Tillsonburg 42°51′45″N 80°43′18″W	One of the best surviving illustrations in Canada of the Aesthetic Movement and the movement's major impact on domestic architecture in Canada
Backhouse Grist Mill	1798 (completed)	1998	Norfolk County 42°38′33.72″N 80°28′29.28″W	One of the few gristmills in this region not to be burned during the War of 1812, it is one of the oldest and best preserved examples in Canada of small-scale, water-powered establishments found throughout the country in the 19th and early 20th centuries
Banting House	1900 (completed)	1997	London 42°59′23.85″N 81°13′54.46″W	A yellow-brick house recognized as the site of the defining moment in the discovery of insulin by Frederick Banting
Barnum House	1820 (completed)	1959	Grafton 43°59′39.97″N 78°0′57.2″W	A noted example of Neoclassic domestic architecture as brought to Canada by settlers from New England
Battle Hill	1814 (battle)	1924	Southwest Middlesex 42°41′39″N 81°42′18″W	The site of the Battle of Longwoods during the War of 1812
Battle of Crysler's Farm	1813 (battle)	1920	South Dundas 44°56′31.12″N 75°04′12.62″W	The site of a victory by badly outnumbered British troops in the War of 1812, prompting the American forces to abandon the St. Lawrence Campaign; the original battle site was submerged in 1958 by the construction of the Saint Lawrence Seaway, so the 1895 monument was relocated to its current location in Crysler's Farm Battlefield Park near Upper Canada Village
Battle of the Windmill	1838 (battle)	1920	Prescott 44°43′15.24″N 75°29′13.56″W	The site a battle fought during the Upper Canada Rebellion, whereby Loyalist forces defeated an invasion attempt by Hunter Patriot insurgents based in the United States
Beausoleil Island		2011	Muskoka District 44°51′57.96″N 79°52′11.64″W	An island within Georgian Bay Islands National Park; a cultural landscape of the Anishinaabeg
Beechcroft and Lakehurst Gardens	1870 (ca.) (established)	1978	Roches Point 44°16′23.92″N 79°30′10.89″W	Gardens reportedly designed by Frederick Law Olmsted
Bell Homestead	1858 (completed)	1996	Brantford 43°6′28.5″N 80°16′15.01″W	The first home of Alexander Graham Bell in North America, it is associated with the conception of and early long-distance trials of the telephone
Belle Vue	1819 (completed)	1959	Amherstburg 42°5′35.6″N 83°6′45.99″W	A two-storey, white painted, brick house constructed for the Deputy Assistant Commissary General of the garrison at Fort Malden, ranking among the finest examples of Palladian architecture in Canada
Belleville Railway Station (Grand Trunk)	1856 (completed)	1973	Belleville 44°10′44.41″N 77°22′29.05″W	A railway station representative of the larger stations erected for the newly formed Grand Trunk Railway along the key Toronto to Montreal line during the mid-19th century, it is the oldest continuously operating passenger train station in Canada
Bethune Memorial House	1880 (completed)	1996	Gravenhurst 44°55′13.45″N 79°22′34.09″W	The birthplace of Dr. Norman Bethune
Bethune-Thompson House / White House	1805 (completed)	1966	Williamstown 45°8′37.67″N 74°34′29.24″W	A noted early Ontario home, representative of the design and construction techniques from the period; portions date to the 1780s when Loyalist Peter Ferguson settled on the site, but the main structure was built in 1805 as a manse for Reverend John Bethune, the first Presbyterian minister in Upper Canada and was later the residence of explorer David Thompson
Billy Bishop Boyhood Home	1884 (completed)	2002	Owen Sound 44°33′59″N 80°56′51.5″W	The birthplace and childhood home of First World War flying ace Billy Bishop
Bois Blanc Island Lighthouse and Blockhouse	1837 (lighthouse completed), 1839 (blockhouse completed)	1955	Bois Blanc Island 42°5′16.17″N 83°7′11.48″W	The site of the attack by Canadian rebels and their American supporters in January 1838 during the Upper Canada Rebellion; in response to the raid, the blockhouse was built to complement the reconstructed Fort Malden
Bridge Island / Chimney Island	1814 (blockhouse completed)	1936	Front of Yonge 44°28′7.11″N 75°50′4.21″W	Formerly the site of a naval station during the War of 1812
Buxton Settlement	1849 (established)	1999	Chatham-Kent 42°18′20.4″N 82°13′13.5″W	A community founded by abolitionist Reverend William King, 15 former American slaves, and an association which included James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, then the Governor General of Canada, to create a haven for fugitive slaves escaping via the Underground Railroad
CCGS Alexander Henry	1959 to 1985	2023	Thunder Bay 48.425871°N 89.221546°W / 48.425871; -89.221546 (CCGS Alexander Henry)	Great Lakes icebreaker
Canadian Car & Foundry	1912 (completed)	2009	Thunder Bay 48°21′25.37″N 89°18′20.42″W	Located within the Bombardier Transportation facility, the historic complex was the main plant of Canada's largest aircraft manufacturer during the Second World War, with 10% of the world's production of the Hurricane built there; representative of the wartime contributions made by women workers and of the country's post-war mass-transit manufacturing industry
Canal Lake Concrete Arch Bridge	1905 (completed)	1988	Bolsover 44°33′29.91″N 79°2′46.02″W	A bridge spanning the Trent-Severn Waterway, it is the earliest known reinforced concrete bridge in Canada
Carrying Place of the Bay of Quinte	1787 (treaty negotiated)	1929	Carrying Place 44°2′54.77″N 77°34′58.35″W	The location where Sir John Johnson and Chiefs of the Mississauga negotiated a treaty ceding a river and portage route between Lake Ontario and Lake Huron
Castle Kilbride	1877 (completed)	1993	Baden 43°24′15″N 80°40′17″W	An Italianate villa, the former residence of the "Flax and Oil King of Canada" James Livingston, known for its interior decorative mural paintings
Chiefswood	1856 (completed)	1953	Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation 43°6′3.88″N 80°5′41.88″W	Italianate-style birthplace of poet E. Pauline Johnson
Christ Church, His Majesty's Chapel Royal of the Mohawk	1843 (completed)	1995	Deseronto 44°11′7.93″N 77°4′24.26″W	A historic chapel linked with establishment of Mohawk nation in Ontario; one of only two Royal chapels in Canada, representing the historic alliance between the British Crown and the Mohawk peoples
Claverleigh	1871 (completed)	1990	Creemore 44°19′4.85″N 80°6′7.84″W	A noted example of a Gothic Revival-style wood villa
Cliff Site	1670 (event)	1919	Port Dover 42°47′8.13″N 80°11′46.72″W	Marked by a large memorial cross, the site where two Sulpician priests, François Dollier de Casson and René de Bréhant de Galinée, laid claim to the north shore of Lake Erie in the name of France
Cobalt Mining District	1903 (established)	2002	Cobalt 47°23′51.34″N 79°40′27.67″W	A cultural landscape comprising buildings and structures associated with early 20th-century silver mining and urban settlement, once one of the largest silver producing areas in the world
Cox Terrace	1884 (completed)	1991	Peterborough 44°18′13.56″N 78°19′34.4″W	A noted example of a residential terrace built in the Second Empire style
Cummins Pre-contact Site		1981	Thunder Bay 48°24′21″N 89°21′12″W	A site once on the shoreline of glacial Lake Minong; extensive late Paleo-Indian quarry
Darlingside	1830 (established)	1992	Leeds and the Thousand Islands 44°22.097′N 75°58.159′W	Rare surviving example of the wood depots that sold fuel to the steamboats that plied the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes
David Dunlap Observatory	1935 (established)	2019-07-31	Richmond Hill 43.862954°N 79.422687°W / 43.862954; -79.422687	The country's first teaching observatory and world's second-largest telescope was key in establishing academic astronomy; existence of black holes confirmed here
Donaldson site	500 BC - 300 AD	1982	Chippewa Hill 44°30′20.72″N 81°20′2.55″W	A 1.2-hectare (3.0-acre) archaeological site; the largest and best documented Saugeen complex site known, representing many habitation and mortuary practices of the Woodland period
Ermatinger House	1823 (completed)	1957	Sault Ste. Marie 46°30′22.53″N 84°19′28.66″W	A stone house believed to be the oldest surviving house in Northwestern Ontario, it was built by Charles Oakes Ermatinger, an active partner of the North West Company, and was used as a temporary headquarters by Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley during the Red River Expedition
Etharita Site	1647–49	1982	Clearview 44°24′43.2″N 80°12′38.1″W	The main village of the Wolf Tribe of the Petun
Fairfield on the Thames	1792 (established), 1813 (destroyed)	1945	Chatham–Kent 42°37′55.77″N 81°52′11.03″W	The site of the original village of Fairfield, founded in 1792 by Aboriginal refugees and Moravian missionaries who came to Canada from Ohio, fleeing persecution in the United States after refusing to take sides during the American Revolutionary War; the village was destroyed in 1813 by American invaders during the War of 1812, when the inhabitants were accused of sheltering British officers
Finnish Labour Temple	1910 (completed)	2011	Thunder Bay 48°25′56″N 89°13′48″W	A two-storey brick building that played an important social and community role for Finnish immigrants to Canada
First Commercial Oil Field	1858 (discovery of oil)	1925	Oil Springs 42°47′0.3″N 82°7′0.38″W	The site of the first commercial oil well in the world, the first drilled well in Canada, the first gumbeds that were commercially used in the world, and the first gas gusher in Canada
Forbes Textile Mill	1863 (established)	1989	Cambridge 43°25′39.04″N 80°19′12.58″W	A wool mill that was, for a time in the early decades of the twentieth century, the largest woollen and worsted mill in Canada
Former Almonte Post Office	1891 (completed)	1983	Almonte 45°13′31.95″N 76°11′42.51″W	A stone post office with a steep gabled roof and central clock tower; designed by Thomas Fuller, the building has undergone no major exterior alterations, so remains an excellent representative example of early multi-use federal buildings in small communities
Former Bowmanville Boys Training School/Camp 30	1924 (established)	2013	Bowmanville 43°55′38″N 78°40′3″W	A group of Prairie-style buildings originally constructed as a progressive boys school, and used during the Second World War as an internment camp for German prisoners of war
Former Brockville Post Office	1886 (completed)	1983	Brockville 44°35′23.32″N 75°41′5.58″W	A stone post office, blending Flemish bond, Queen Anne and classical elements; a good example of the post offices erected by the Department of Public Works in smaller urban centres during Thomas Fuller's term as Chief Dominion Architect
Former Elora Drill Shed	1865 (completed)	1989	Elora 43°40′48.2″N 80°25′44.01″W	A good representative example of the early stage in drill hall construction in Canada (when rural militia units, rather than the Department of Defence, were responsible for their construction), noted for its classical proportions, the fanlight over the door and the oculus in the gable
Former Galt Post Office	1887 (completed)	1983	Cambridge 43°21′30.08″N 80°18′55.99″W	A limestone-clad post office, blending elements of Romanesque Revival, Gothic Revival and Second Empire architectural styles; representative of small urban post offices designed by Thomas Fuller
Former Paris Town Hall	1854 (built)	2020-10-21	Paris 43.190437°N 80.379671°W / 43.190437; -80.379671 (Former Paris Town Hall)	Rare Gothic Revival civic building
Former Port Perry Town Hall	1873 (completed)	1984	Port Perry 44°6′11.87″N 78°56′50.16″W	A noted example of a municipal meeting hall; the lower hall was used for village council meetings, and the balconied opera house on the second storey served as the village's social centre
Former Shingwauk Residential School	1874 (built) 1874-1970 (operated)	2021-07-08	Sault Ste. Marie 46.50112°N 84.2872°W / 46.50112; -84.2872 (Shingwauk School)	One of the few remaining Indian boarding school sites, including built heritage and historic landscape elements
Fort Malden	1799 (Fort Amherstburg completed), 1815 (fort initially rebuilt)	1921	Amherstburg 42°6′27.76″N 83°6′45.52″W	British fort (initially known as Fort Amherstburg) that served as the principal defence of the western frontier for the period until 1813 (when it was captured and later destroyed by the Americans), and also served as an important fortification during the border raids associated with the Upper Canada Rebellion in 1837-38
Fort Norfolk (Turkey Point)	1814 (completed)	1925	Norfolk County 42°41′57.86″N 80°19′29.9″W	The site of a British military and naval post between 1814 and 1815; abandoned shortly after the War of 1812
Fort Sainte Marie II	1649 (established)	1920	Christian Island 44°49′26.98″N 80°9′51.24″W	A Jesuit mission to the Huron-Wendat 1649-50; in 1651, remaining Huron-Wendat made their last stand against the Iroquois from this mission before fleeing to Quebec
Fort St. Joseph	1796 (established)	1923	St. Joseph Island 46°03′48″N 83°56′48″W	Built as a counterpoint to an American garrison on Mackinac Island, Fort St. Joseph was the British Empire's most westerly outpost; destroyed by the Americans in 1812 when British forces left to take Fort Michilimackinac; the ruins of the fortifications and the archaeological resources on the site reveal the complex aspects of military, domestic and commercial life (both Aboriginal and European) in a frontier outpost
Fort St. Pierre	1731 (established)	1934	Fort Frances 48°37′6.19″N 93°21′36.36″W	The first French fort built west of Fort Kaministiquia by Pierre La Vérendrye in Northwestern Ontario
Fort Wellington	1813 (established)	1920	Prescott 44°42′46.44″N 75°30′30.6″W	One of the best preserved nineteenth-century fortifications in Canada, the fort protected shipping along the St. Lawrence River during War of 1812
Fort William	1803 (established)	1923	Thunder Bay 48°20′34″N 89°21′30″W	Important North West Company post, now serving as a reconstructed living history site
Fort York	1793 (established), 1815 (current fort completed)	1923	Toronto 43°38′20.50″N 79°24′12″W	The birthplace of the settlement that would become Toronto and the primary defence for (what was then) York, Upper Canada, the Fort now serves as a museum containing the largest collection of War of 1812 buildings in Canada and many of the oldest buildings in Toronto
François Bâby House	1812 (completed)	1950	Windsor 42°19′6.6″N 83°2′32.64″W	During the War of 1812, American forces crossed the Detroit River and used the house as headquarters for their invasion; when the Americans retreated one month later, the Bâby House was occupied by British forces under Major-General Isaac Brock, who built an artillery battery on the property and used it to open fire on Fort Detroit
Fulford Place	1901 (completed)	1992	Brockville 44°35′50.24″N 75°40′14.97″W	An excellent intact example of the type of mansion erected by wealthy Canadians in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with the general layout of the site remaining as it was originally laid out by the Olmsted Brothers
Gillies Grove and House	1937 (completed)	1993	Arnprior 45°26′41.96″N 76°21′32.22″W	House associated with two of the most prominent forest industry families in the Ottawa Valley, the McLachlins and the Gillies; surrounded by one of the few remaining accessible woodlots containing significant stands of old growth Ottawa Valley White Pine
George Brown House National Historic Site	1877 (completed)	1976-11-06
Glanmore / Phillips-Faulkner House	1883 (completed)	1969	Belleville 44°10′1.11″N 77°22′3.13″W	House designed by architect Thomas Hanley for J.P.C Phillips, a wealthy Belleville banker and financier; an excellent representative example of the Second Empire style popular among the upper middle class in late 19th-century Canada
Glengarry Cairn	1842 (completed)	1921	South Glengarry 45°7′18.19″N 74°29′23.33″W	Large cairn erected by the Glengarry militia to commemorate the services of Sir John Colborne, commander-in-chief of the armed forces during the Upper Canada Rebellion
Glengarry House	1792 (completed)	1921	Cornwall 45°2′22″N 74°37′8.75″W	The ruins of the residence of Lieutenant Colonel John Macdonell, a pioneer in the settlement of Ontario, first Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada, and a hero of the Battle of Queenston Heights
Glengarry Landing	1814 (flotilla construction)	1923	Edenvale 44°27′6.58″N 79°54′0.24″W	Site at the junction of the Nottawasaga River and Marl Creek, where in 1814 the Glengarry Light Infantry Fencibles, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Robert McDouall, constructed a flotilla of boats to relieve the British garrison at Fort Michilimackinac and to effect the subsequent capture of Prairie du Chien during the War of 1812
Guelph City Hall	1857 (completed)	1984	Guelph 43°32′38.7″N 80°14′51.9″W	A two-storey, limestone building built in the Renaissance Revival style, it is an excellent example of a multi-functional city hall, which contained the market, fire hall, police office and jail, library, a reading room, a large public hall, along with town offices and a council chamber; symbolic of Guelph's mid-19th-century confidence following the arrival of the Grand Trunk Railway in the community
Hamilton and Scourge	1813 (sinking)	1976	Lake Ontario (11 kilometres (6.8 mi) north of St. Catharines) 43°17′46.32″N 79°17′52.6″W	The USS Hamilton and USS Scourge were two merchant schooners pressed into service by the Americans in the War of 1812, both of which capsized and sank in a sudden squall; the ships are in remarkable condition at the underwater wreckage site and are rare examples of surviving War of 1812 vessels
His Majesty's / St. Paul's Chapel of the Mohawks	1785 (completed)	1981	Brantford 43°7′28.01″N 80°14′5.84″W	The first Protestant church in Upper Canada, now the oldest surviving church in Ontario, and one of only two Royal Chapels in Canada; symbolic of the important role played by the Loyalist Mohawks in the development of the province
Hillary House	1862 (completed)	1973	Aurora 44°0′10.09″N 79°28′7.06″W	Now operating as the Koffler Museum of Medicine, an excellent example of a Picturesque house in the Gothic Revival style
Homer Watson House / Doon School of Fine Arts	1834 (completed)	1980	Kitchener 43°23′41.52″N 80°25′6.58″W	Once the home and studio of Canadian landscape artist Homer Watson; some of Watson's most well-known works are views of the surrounding countryside from various vantage points on this property
Homewood	1801 (completed)	1982	Augusta 44°37′59.55″N 75°37′0.73″W	A two-storey fieldstone residence built for Dr. Solomon Jones, a prominent Loyalist; the house reflects the lifestyle of a prominent rural professional in the early 19th century and its design uniquely melds the Palladian style and the rural architectural traditions of nearby Quebec
Huron County Gaol	1841 (completed)	1973	Goderich 43°44′58.83″N 81°42′29.82″W	A distinctive octagonal jail design in the Panopticon style of prison construction
Inverarden House	1823 (completed)	1968	Cornwall 45°1′52.77″N 74°40′15.86″W	Built for retired North West Company partner John MacDonald of Garth, the manor house is an excellent early example of Regency architecture in Canada
Joseph Schneider Haus	1816 (completed)	1999	Kitchener 43°26′41.35″N 80°29′40.66″W	A house museum associated with the migration of German Mennonites from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania to Waterloo County in the early 19th century, and illustrative of the typical Mennonite house plan from the period
Kay-Nah-Chi-Wah-Nung (Rainy River Mounds)	3000 BCE (ca.)	1969	Morley 48°38.816′N 94°05.641′W	One of the most significant centres of early habitation and ceremonial burial in Canada, with evidence of 5,000 years of human habitation, including burial mounds from the Laurel and Blackduck cultures; a cultural and historic focal point for the Rainy Lake and River Bands of Saulteaux
Lansdowne Iron Works	1801 (established)	1932	Leeds and the Thousand Islands 44°32′57.58″N 76°7′33.7″W	The first ironworks in Upper Canada, destroyed by fire after a decade in operation
Leaskdale Manse	1886 (completed)	1996	Leaskdale 44°12′11.15″N 79°9′37.56″W	The home of Lucy Maud Montgomery when she wrote 11 of the 22 works published during her lifetime; the house and its immediate area figure prominently in her posthumously published journals
Leeds and Grenville County Court House	1844 (completed)	1966	Brockville 44°35′27.11″N 75°41′8.69″W	A landmark building set on a hill at the top of the historic Brockville town square; one of the most grandiose district courthouses built in Upper Canada
Lynnwood / Campbell-Reid House	1851 (completed)	1972	Simcoe 42°50′16.43″N 80°18′11.96″W	Excellent example of a modestly-sized house in the Neoclassical style; located on a rise overlooking the Lynn River
Macdonell-Williamson House	1819 (completed)	1969	East Hawkesbury 45°33′49.06″N 74°22′59.72″W	A stone house built on the banks of the Ottawa River as a retirement home for former North West Company partner John Macdonell
Matheson House	1840 (completed)	1966	Perth 44°54′3.92″N 76°15′2.39″W	Built for Roderick Matheson, a local merchant and politician, the house is a good example of an affluent, pre-Confederation residence; it occupies a key position in one of the best surviving historic streetscapes in Canada, and now serves as the Perth Museum
Mazinaw Pictographs		1982	Bon Echo Provincial Park 44°54′2.06″N 77°12′23.12″W	The largest rock art site on the southern Canadian Shield and the only major pictograph site in Southern Ontario
McCrae House	1858 (ca.) (completed)	1966	Guelph 43°32′9.7″N 80°14′42.1″W	The birthplace of John McCrae, the author of In Flanders Fields
McMartin House	1830 (completed)	1972	Perth 44°53′52.13″N 76°14′48.99″W	Built for Daniel McMartin, a member of Upper Canada's Tory Loyalist elite; an example of American federal architecture that was elaborate for the time and place of construction
Merrickville Blockhouse *	1833 (completed)	1939	Merrickville–Wolford 44°55′0.54″N 75°50′16.03″W	A relatively large, British-designed blockhouse, considered an excellent example of the structures erected for the defence of the Rideau Canal in the 19th-century
Middleport Site		1953	Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation 43°5′54.01″N 80°4′4.18″W	Archaeological site related to the Middle Ontario Iroquois
Middlesex County Court House	1829 (completed)	1955	London 42°58′55.59″N 81°15′15.65″W	A very early and nationally significant example of the Gothic Revival style in Canada; associated with the early government of the province, as the site of the building was proposed by John Graves Simcoe for the provincial capital
Mission of St. Ignace II	1649 (attack)	1955	Tay 44°43′9.8″N 79°43′4.72″W	Destruction of Saint Ignace II and nearby Saint-Louis sealed the fate of the Huron- Wendat confederacy, leading to the abandonment of their traditional homeland
Mnjikaning Fish Weirs	3300 BCE (ca.)	1982	Ramara 44°36′15.63″N 79°22′10.6″W	The site of the largest and best preserved wooden fish weirs known in eastern North America, in use from about 3300 B.C. until the recent past
Moose Factory Buildings	1673 (established)	1957	Moose Factory 51°16′43.21″N 80°38′21.5″W	19th-century buildings associated with the second Hudson's Bay Company post in Canada; after the 1821 merger with the North West Company, Moose Factory became the supply point for posts inland as far as Lake Timiskaming
Nanticoke	1813 (battle)	1924	Nanticoke 42°47′51.38″N 80°3′12.02″W	The site where the Norfolk volunteer militia routed a band of American marauders who had been pillaging area farms and terrorizing the country, an exploit that inspired the British military forces and the people of Upper Canada during the War of 1812; now the location of the Nanticoke Generating Station
Napanee Town Hall	1856 (completed)	1984	Greater Napanee 44°14′54.92″N 76°57′2.48″W	An early Ontario example of a combination town hall and market, and a rare extant example in Canada of a town hall in the Greek Revival style; symbolic of the development of local government in Ontario in the 19th century
Nazrey African Methodist Episcopal Church	1848 (completed)	1999	Amherstburg 42°6′4.89″N 83°6′21.65″W	A simple fieldstone chapel, now part of the North American Black Historical Museum complex; it has an important association with Bishop Willis Nazery, the first leader of a wholly Canadian denomination (the British Methodist Episcopal Church) founded by Underground Railroad refugees
Normandale Furnace	1818 (commenced operations)	1927	Normandale 42°42.585′N 80°18.593′W	The site of an early 19th-century Ontario iron smelter
Old Hay Bay Church	1792 (completed)	2001	Greater Napanee 44°6′11.45″N 77°1′1.33″W	Built by United Empire Loyalist settlers, it is the oldest surviving Methodist building in Canada and is associated with the role played by Methodists in Upper Canada’s early development; a significant element of the history of the United Church of Canada
Old Stone Church	1853 (completed)	1991	Beaverton 44°25′34.63″N 79°6′57.15″W	A small rural fieldstone church; a particularly good example of the few early stone vernacular churches surviving in Canada
Old Stone Mill	1810 (completed)	1970	Delta 44°36′36.74″N 76°7′20.57″W	A three-storey stone gristmill which played an important role in the settlement and economic development of Leeds County; one of the oldest surviving mills in Ontario
Old Woodstock Town Hall	1853 (completed)	1955	Woodstock 43°7′45.77″N 80°45′26.9″W	A two-storey, buff-brick, Italianate-style town hall building; an excellent example of a Canadian colonial adaptation of a British town hall
Oro African Methodist Episcopal Church	1849 (completed)	2000	Edgar 44°30′9.68″N 79°38′10.87″W	A log church with an unmarked cemetery; the last built remnant of a community of Black Canadians with United Empire Loyalist roots
Ossossane Sites		1982	Ossossane Beach 44°40′56.37″N 79°57′4.51″W	Archaeological site of the principal village of Bear Clan of the Hurons
Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception	1888 (completed)	1990	Guelph 43°32′34.78″N 80°15′5.87″W	Influenced by the medieval cathedrals of France, the church on a hill is an exceptional example of the Victorian High Gothic style in Canadian architecture
Oxford-on-Rideau Township Hall	1875 (completed)	1984	Oxford Mills 44°57′45.35″N 75°40′43.16″W	A two-storey stone building with a cupola, this small town hall is representative of early local government in Canada
Park House	1796 (built)	2018	Amherstburg 42.103659°N 83.113490°W / 42.103659; -83.113490 (Amherstburg)	Considered one of the oldest houses in the Amherstburg region, Park House is a rare example of a once-common colonial building type found in settlements and fur-trading posts across colonial North America. Through its architecture, Park House tells the story of the traders and artisans who populated the Windsor region.
Parkhill	8000 BCE (ca.)	1982	Parkhill 43°9′33″N 81°42′28″W	The first major Palaeo-Indian habitation site reported in Ontario, consisting of concentrations of stone artifactual material distributed over 6 hectares (15 acres)
Parkwood	1940 (completed)	1989	Oshawa 43°54′11.95″N 78°52′6.48″W	A residential estate developed between 1915 and 1940 by Canadian industrialist Samuel McLaughlin; among the finest and most intact surviving examples of Canadian architectural and landscape design, featuring the work of Pearson and Darling, Frances Loring, John M. Lyle, Florence Wyle and others
Penman Textile Mill	1874 (completed)	1989	Paris 43°11′51.28″N 80°23′22.86″W	The first and most important plant of the largest knitting firm in Canada, the Penman Manufacturing Company
Perth Town Hall	1864 (completed)	1984	Perth 44°53′56.86″N 76°14′55.98″W	A two-storey stone building topped by a layered cupola with clock, symbolic of the role and importance of local government in the 19th century
Peterborough Drill Hall / Armoury	1909 (completed)	1989	Peterborough 44°18′31.16″N 78°19′20.26″W	Built in the Romanesque Revival style, the armoury is representative of the third phase of drill hall construction in Canada (1896–1918); one of the largest and best designed examples from the 1907-1909 period
Peterborough Lift Lock	1904 (completed)	1979	Peterborough 44°18′27.65″N 78°18′1.04″W	A large boat lift along the Trent-Severn Waterway designed to lift boats 19.8 metres (65 ft); it is the highest hydraulic lift lock in the world, and at the time of its construction was an engineering achievement of national and international renown
Peterborough Petroglyphs	900 to 1400 (ca.)	1981	Otonabee-South Monaghan 44°36′48.4″N 78°2′38.86″W	An outcrop of exposed marble inscribed with hundreds of realistic human and animal forms, as well as numerous abstract and symbolic images; one of the largest known concentrations of pre-contact petroglyphs in Canada
Pic River Site		1981	Pic River 48°37′34.78″N 86°17′5.66″W	A site comprising four archaeological nodes: the Pic River site, Fort Pic, the Heron Bay site, and the Duncan site, which together represent numerous Aboriginal and European occupations dating from 12000 BCE to the late 19th century
Point Clark Lighthouse	1859 (completed)	1966	Point Clark 44°4′22.28″N 81°45′26.37″W	One of six Imperial Towers on Lake Huron; noted for its distinctive lantern and the quality of its architecture
Pointe au Baril		1923	Maitland 44°38.255′N 75°36.575′W	The "Iroquoise" and "Outaouaise", the last two French warships that navigated Lake Ontario, were built on this point
Port Hope Capitol Theatre	1930	2016	Port Hope 43.950798°N 78.293215°W / 43.950798; -78.293215 (Port Hope Capitol Theatre)	Rare and outstanding "atmospheric" theatre of the 1920s, among the first to present "talkies"
Port Stanley	1669 (first European contact)	1923	Port Stanley 42°39′56.99″N 81°12′43.01″W	An important landing point for a succession of explorers and travellers of the 17th and 18th centuries, marked by a cairn commemorating events including the landing of Adrien Jolliet in 1669 (during the first descent of the Great Lakes by Europeans) and the encampment by Isaac Brock and his troops in the War of 1812
Port Talbot	1803 (established)	1923	Port Talbot 42°38.403′N 81°21.969′W	Founded in 1803 by Thomas Talbot, the settlement was one of the most prosperous of its time in Upper Canada, noted for its good roads, with Talbot keeping out land speculators and securing hard-working settlers; Talbot's authoritarian control of the settlers led to his downfall at the hands of colonial authorities
Prescott Railway Station (Grand Trunk)	1855 (completed)	1973	Prescott 44°42′39.66″N 75°31′28.6″W	A small, stone train station, typical of the smaller stations erected for the Grand Trunk Railway during the first construction period of the GTR line between Montreal and Brockville
Rideau Canal *	1832 (completed)	1925	Ottawa to Kingston 45°25′33″N 75°41′50″W	Built for the British government by Lieutenant-Colonel John By as a defensive work in the event of war with the United States, the canal is the best preserved example of a 19th-century slack water canal in North America, with most of its original structures intact
Ridout Street Complex	1838 to 1870 (period of construction)	1966	London 42°59′1.27″N 81°15′17.46″W	Comprising three mid-19th-century residential and commercial buildings, the grouping is representative of the appearance of Ontario cities in that period and of London's early residential and commercial architecture
Rosamond Woollen Mill	1866 (established)	1986	Almonte 45°13′41.17″N 76°12′1.32″W	At one time one of the largest mills in Canada, it is characteristic of late 19th-century textile mills in Canada
Royal Flying Corps Hangars	1917 (completed)	1989	Essa 44°16′8.14″N 79°53′18.45″W	Eight surviving First World War hangars at CFB Borden which played a significant role in the development of military aviation in Canada
Ruin of St. Raphael's Roman Catholic Church	1821 (main church completed)	1996	South Glengarry 45°12′42.19″N 74°35′49.34″W	St. Raphael's roof, tower and interior decoration were destroyed by fire in 1970, but the ruins were preserved; one of the earliest surviving Roman Catholic monuments in English-speaking Canada
Ruthven Park	1846 (completed)	1995	Cayuga 42°58′45.4″N 79°52′30.32″W	An estate with a Greek Revival villa, laid out by David Thompson; associated with the transformation of Upper Canada from a "settler" to a "settled" society
Saint-Louis Mission	1649 (attack)	1920	Victoria Harbour 44°43′44.75″N 79°46′52.62″W	A 2-hectare (4.9-acre) archaeological site, once the site of a stockaded Huron-Wendat village and nearby Jesuit mission; an Iroquois attack in 1649 led to a chain of events resulting in the abandonment of Huronia by the Huron-Wendat in 1650
Sainte-Marie Among the Hurons Mission	1639 (established)	1920	Midland 44°44′3.71″N 79°50′43.51″W	The reconstructed main Jesuit mission to the Huron-Wendat; over ten years, it grew into a sizeable colony, but was abandoned in 1649 due to disease and conflict
Sandwich First Baptist Church	1851 (completed)	1999	Windsor 42°17′30.47″N 83°4′48.92″W	One of the oldest Baptist churches surviving from this period in Ontario; representative of the churches in border settlements built to accommodate the communities created by Underground Railroad refugees
Sault Ste. Marie Canal	1895 (completed)	1987	Sault Ste. Marie 46°30′46″N 84°21′05″W	Now operated as a recreational facility, the canal and associated works were a significant part of Canada's national canal system at the time of their construction; the first electrically-powered lock in the world
Serpent Mounds	50 BCE to 300 CE (ca.)	1982	Keene 44°12′40″N 78°09′25″W	A grouping of six separate burial mounds forming a serpentine shape approximately 60 metres (200 ft) long; the only one of its kind in Canada
Sharon Temple	1831 (completed)	1990	Sharon 44°6′4.8″N 79°26′30.75″W	A temple built by the Children of Peace, a schismatic Quaker sect, and its design and aesthetics embody the values of the group; acquired by a local historic group in 1917, and is representative of the early heritage conservation movement in Canada
Sheguiandah	11,000 BCE (ca.) (first occupation)	1954	Manitoulin District 45°52′40.69″N 81°54′4.12″W	An archaeological site on Manitoulin Island where successive aboriginal peoples quarried quartzite, leaving behind artifacts spanning approximately 10,000 years of occupation
Sir John Johnson House	1792 (original core completed)	1961	Williamstown 45°8′41.05″N 74°34′46.11″W	A wooden house of typical 19th-century Ontario vernacular design; associated with noted Loyalist Sir John Johnson, 2nd Baronet
Smiths Falls Bascule Bridge	1913 (completed)	1983	Smiths Falls 44°53′49.97″N 76°1′37.39″W	A bascule bridge over the Rideau Canal; an early example of distinctive design in movable bridges, it is the oldest surviving structure of its type
Smiths Falls Railway Station (Canadian Northern)	1914 (completed)	1983	Smiths Falls 44°53′57.08″N 76°1′39.75″W	Now serving as the Smiths Falls Railway Museum, the station's distinctive turret, polygonal waiting room and substantial construction were a departure from the usual practice of building cheaply from standard plans; representative of Canadian Northern Railway's efforts to compete directly with the Canadian Pacific Railway
Southwold Earthworks	1500 (ca.)(occupation)	1923	Iona 42°40.459′N 81°21.63544′W	Rare and well-preserved archaeological remains of an Attawandaron fortified village
St. Jude's Anglican Church	1871 (completed)	1993	Brantford 43°8′23.54″N 80°15′12.57″W	A small 1871 church in the High Victorian Gothic Revival style; known for its striking interior murals, painted in 1936, influenced by the Arts and Crafts Movement and the work of William Morris
St. Marys Junction Railway Station (Grand Trunk)	1858 (completed)	1973	St. Marys Junction 43°16′18.56″N 81°7′52.53″W	A one-storey limestone building in the Italianate style which served for a time as the western terminus of the Grand Trunk Railway; representative of the Grand Trunk's original Ontario stations, and a rare surviving stone example
St. Thomas City Hall	1899 (completed)	1984	St. Thomas 42°46′44.75″N 81°11′33.8″W	A well-designed late Victorian civic building with a commanding clock tower, reflective of the tremendous growth of the city at the end of the 19th century; one of the few surviving unaltered Richardsonian Romanesque town halls in Canada
Stephen Leacock Museum / Old Brewery Bay	1928 (completed)	1992	Orillia 44°36′29.73″N 79°23′38.32″W	A two-storey house on a four 4-hectare (9.9-acre) property on the shores of Lake Couchiching; home of and inspiration to Stephen Leacock, one of Canada's most celebrated authors and humorists
Stratford City Hall	1899 (completed)	1976	Stratford 43°22′11.99″N 80°58′55.88″W	A monumental red brick city hall with a prominent clock tower; a noted late 19th-century Picturesque municipal building, representative of an era when growing cities sought to express their civic pride and ambition in impressive civic buildings
Thistle Ha' Farm	1852 (livestock operation began)	1973	Claremont 43°56′23.04″N 79°6′32.9″W	An 80-hectare (200-acre) working farm where groundbreaking breeding of pedigree livestock in Canada occurred in the 19th century; the work undertaken here played an important role in improving stock breeding throughout the Americas
Thunder Bay Tourist Pagoda	1909 (completed)	1986	Thunder Bay 48°26′4.46″N 89°13′4.98″W	An octagonal brick tourism bureau featuring a pagoda-shaped roof with cupola, surrounded by a verandah and with an entrance surmounted by a carved beaver; symbolic of civic boosterism and novelty architecture
Trent–Severn Waterway	1830 (commenced) - 1920 (completed)	1929	Trenton 44°7′14.97″N 77°35′29.11″W to Port Severn 44°48′13.32″N 79°43′14.53″W	A 386-kilometre (240 mi) natural and man-made waterway that links Georgian Bay to the Bay of Quinte; an important transportation route noted for the high number of surviving unmodified structures in some sections dating from the waterway's construction
Victoria Hall / Cobourg Town Hall	1860 (completed)	1959	Cobourg 43°57′33.88″N 78°10′4.11″W	A neoclassical three-storey civic building; one of the more extravagant examples of town halls constructed in Canada West after landmark municipal legislation in 1848, symbolic of the prosperity and optimism of Cobourg during the 1850s
Victoria Hall / Petrolia Town Hall	1889 (completed)	1975	Petrolia 42°52′52.31″N 82°8′48.57″W	A buff brick town hall with prominent clock tower, reflective of the time in the 1880s when Petrolia was among the wealthiest towns in Canada due to the local oil boom
Walker Site		1982	Onondaga 43°7′0″N 80°7′0″W	Large Iroquoian archaeological site pertaining to the historic Attiwandaronk tribe
Wellington County House of Industry and Refuge	1877 (completed)	1995	Fergus 43°41′35.06″N 80°23′59.18″W	A former farm dominated by a two-storey Italianate-style stone building; oldest known state-supported poorhouse or almshouse in Canada, now serving as the county museum and archives
Whitefish Island	300 BCE (ca.) (first Aboriginal encampments)	1981	Sault Ste. Marie 46°30′39.6″N 84°21′14.4″W	A small, naturalized island that was occupied by eight successive cultures, culminating in the development of the Ojibwa nation; its location made it a focal point of pre-contact trade and settlement
Wilberforce Red Cross Outpost	1916 (completed); 1922-57 (health centre operational)	2003	Wilberforce 45°2′20.06″N 78°13′24.92″W	A simple frame house that served as the first outpost of the Ontario Division of the Canadian Red Cross; dedicated women provided nurse care with minimal medical backup, facilities and equipment, and the site is representative of the key role of nurses in providing health care and education in isolated areas
Wintering Site	1669–70 (event)	1919	Port Dover 42°47′40.65″N 80°11′21.6″W	Explorers François Dollier de Casson and René de Bréhant de Galinée and seven other Frenchmen wintered at this site - the first Europeans known to have ascended the Great Lakes to Sault Ste. Marie
Wolfe Island Township Hall	1859 (completed)	1984	Wolfe Island 44°11′35.24″N 76°26′26.88″W	A small Italianate rural town hall; an unusually sophisticated example of its type
Wolseley Barracks	1888 (completed)	1963	London 43°0′0.5″N 81°14′2.03″W	The first purpose-built infantry training school erected by the federal government, originally used to house Company "D" of the Infantry School Corps of The Royal Canadian Regiment; an important early step in the development of a permanent military force in Canada following the withdrawal of regular British troops from Canada in 1871
Woodside	1853 (completed)	1952	Kitchener 43°27′48.88″N 80°28′50.6″W	A one-and-a-half-storey house on a wooded estate which served as the childhood home of William Lyon Mackenzie King, the longest serving Prime Minister of Canada; the subject of many of King's writings in adult life

See also

• History of Ontario
• List of historic places in Ontario
• Ontario Heritage Act, legislation under which heritage sites of provincial or municipal significance are designated