List of monarchs of Kashmir

Maharaja/Sultan of Kashmir
Emblem of the Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir
Last to reign Hari Singh 23 September 1925 – 17 November 1952
Details
Style	Maharaja Sultan Raja
First monarch	Durlabhavardhana 625–662
Last monarch	Hari Singh 1925–1952
Formation	625 CE
Abolition	17 November 1952
Residence	Amar Mahal Palace Mubarak Mandi Palace Hari Niwas Palace Akhnoor Fort Pari Mahal Hari Parbat Fort Red Fort Gulab Bhavan Sher Garhi Palace Baghsar Fort
Appointer	Hereditary
Pretender(s)	Karan Singh

This is a list of the monarchs of Kashmir from the establishment of the Karkota dynasty around 625 CE until the cession of parts of Kashmir by the Dogra dynasty to Pakistan in 1947 and then merging into the Indian Union in 1952.

Gonanda dynasty

Gonanda dynasty I

Kalhana mentions that Gonanda I ascended the throne in 653 Kali calendar era. Dating of Gonanda kings based on calculation of Jogesh Chander Dutt.

List of Gonanda dynasty I rulers

Ruler
Gonanda I
Damodara I
Yashovati
Gonanda II
35 kings (names lost)
Lava
Kusheshaya
Khagendra
Surendra
Godhara
Suvarna
Janaka
Shachinara
Ashoka (Gonandiya)
Jalauka
Damodara II
Abhimanyu I

Gonanditya dynasty (c. 1175 – 167 BCE)

The Gonanditya dynasty ruled Kashmir for 1002 years.

Ruler	Reign	Ascension year	Notes
Gonanda III	35 years	1175 BCE	Gonanda III founded a new dynasty. (I.191) He belonged to Rama's lineage, and restored the Nāga rites
Vibhishana I	53 years, 6 months	1147 BCE
Indrajit	35 years	1094 BCE
Ravana	30 years, 6 months	–	A Shivalinga attributed to Ravana could still be seen at the time of Kalhana.
Vibhishana II	35 years, 6 months	1058 BCE
Nara I (Kinnara)	40 years, 9 months	1023 BCE	His queen eloped with a Buddhist monk, so he destroyed the Buddhist monasteries and gave their land to the Brahmins. He tried to abduct a Nāga woman, who was the wife of a Brahmin. Because of this, the Nāga chief burnt down the king's city, and the king died in the fire.
Siddha	60 years	983 BCE	Siddha, the son of Nara, was saved from Nāga's fury, because he was away from the capital at the time. He was a religious king, and followed a near-ascetic lifestyle.
Utpalaksha	30 years, 6 months	923 BCE	Son of Siddha
Hiranyaksha	37 years, 7 months	893 BCE	Son of Utpalaksha
Hiranyakula	60 years	855 BCE	Son of Hiranyaksha
Vasukula (Mukula)	60 years	795 BCE	Son of Hiranyakula. During his reign, the Mlechchhas (possibly Hunas) overran Kashmir.
Mihirakula	70 years	735 BCE	According to historical evidence, Mihirakula's predecessor was Toramana. Kalhana mentions a king called Toramana, but places him much later, in Book 3. According to Kalhana, Mihirakula was a cruel ruler who ordered killings of a large number of people, including children, women and elders. He invaded the Sinhala Kingdom, and replaced their king with a cruel man. As he passed through Chola, Karnata and other kingdoms on his way back to Kashmir, the rulers of these kingdoms fled their capitals and returned only after he had gone away. On his return to Kashmir, he ordered killings of 100 elephants, who had been startled by the cries of a fallen elephant. Once, Mihirakula dreamt that a particular stone could be moved only by a chaste woman. He put this to test: the women who were unable to move the stone were killed, along with their husbands, sons and brothers. He was supported by some immoral Brahmins. In his old age, the king committed self-immolation.
Vaka (Baka)	63 years, 18 days	665 BCE	A virtuous king, he was seduced and killed by a woman named Vatta, along with several of his sons and grandsons.
Kshitinanda	30 years	602 BCE	The only surviving child of Vaka
Vasunanda	52 years, 2 months	572 BCE	"Originator of the science of love"
Nara II	60 years	520 BCE	Son of Vasunanda
Aksha	60 years	460 BCE	Son of Nara II
Gopaditya	60 years, 6 days	400 BCE	Son of Aksha. Gave lands to Brahmins. Expelled several irreligious Brahmins who used to eat garlic (non-Sattvic diet); in their place, he brought others from foreign countries.
Gokarna	57 years, 11 months	340 BCE	Son of Gopaditya
Narendraditya I (Khingkhila)	36 years, 3 months, 10 days	282 BCE	Son of Gokarna
Yudhisthira I	34 years, 5 months, 1 day	246 BCE to 167 BCE	Called "the blind" because of his small eyes. In later years of his reign, he started patronizing unwise persons, and the wise courtiers deserted him. He was deposed by rebellious ministers, and granted asylum by a neighboring king. His descendant Meghavahana later restored the dynasty's rule.

Pratapaditya's dynasty (c. 167 BCE – 25 CE)

No kings mentioned in this book have been traced in any other historical source. These kings ruled Kashmir for 192 years.

Ruler	Reign	Ascension year	Notes
Pratapaditya I	32 years	167 BCE	Pratapaditya was a relative of a distant king named Vikrmaditya (II.6).
Jalauka	32 years	135 BCE	Son of Pratapaditya
Tungjina I	36 years	103 BCE	Shared the administration with his queen. The couple sheltered their citizens in the royal palace during a severe famine resulting from heavy frost. After his death, the queen committed sati. The couple died childless.
Vijaya	8 years	67 BCE	From a different dynasty than Tungjina.
Jayendra	37 years	59 BCE	Son of Vijaya: his "long arms reached to his knees". His flatters instigated him against his minister Sandhimati. The minister was persecuted, and ultimately imprisoned because of rumors that he would succeed the king. Sandhimati remained in prison for 10 years. In his old age, the childless king ordered killing of Sandhimati to prevent any chance of him becoming a king. He died after hearing about the false news of Sandhimati's death.
Sandhimati	47 years	22 BCE to 25 CE	Sandhimati was selected by the citizens as the new ruler. He ascended the throne reluctantly, at the request of his guru Ishana. He was a devout Shaivite, and his reign was marked by peace. He filled his court with rishis (sages), and spent his time in forest retreats. Therefore, his ministers replaced him with Meghavahana, a descendant of Yudhishthira I. He willingly gave up the throne.

Gonanda dynasty II (c. 25 – 345 CE)

Main article: Gonanda dynasty (II)

Ruler	Reign	Ascension year	Notes
Meghavahana	34 years	25 CE	Possible coinage of Meghavahana. Obverse: Shiva Pashupati ("Lord of the Beasts"), making a mudra gesture with right hand and holding filleted trident; behind, a lioness or tiger. Trace of legend Meghana... in Brahmi. Reverse: Goddess seated facing on lotus, holding lotus in both hand, Kidara monogram to left, Jaya in Brahmi to right. Circa 7th century CE, Kashmir. Meghavahana was the son of Yudhisthira I's great-grandson, who had been granted asylum by Gopaditya, the king of Gandhara. Meghavahana had been selected the husband of a Vaishnavite princess at a Swayamvara in another kingdom. The ministers of Kashmir brought him to Kashmir after Sandhimati proved to be an unwilling king. Meghavahana banned animal slaughter and compensated those who earned their living through hunting. He patrnozed Brahmins, and set up a monastery. His queens built Buddhist viharas and monasteries. He subdued kings in regions as far as Sinhala Kingdom, forcing them to abandon animal slaughter.
Shreshtasena (Pravarasena I / Tungjina II)	30 years	59 CE	Son of Meghavahana
Hiranya	30 years, 2 months	89 CE	Son of Shreshtasena, assisted by his brother and co-regent Toramana. The king imprisoned Toramana, when the latter stuck royal coins in his own name. Toramana's son Pravarasena, who had been brought up in secrecy by his mother Anjana, freed him. Hiranya died childless. Several coins of a king named Toramana have been found in the Kashmir region. This king is identified by some with Huna ruler Toramana, although his successor Mihirakula is placed much earlier by Kalhana.
Matrigupta	4 years, 9 months, 1 day	120 CE	According to Kalhana, the emperor Vikramditya (alias Harsha) of Ujjayini defeated the Shakas, and made his friend and poet Matrigupta the ruler of Kashmir. After Vikramaditya's death, Matrigupta abdicated the throne in favour of Pravarasena. According to D. C. Sircar, Kalhana has confused the legendary Vikramaditya of Ujjain with the Vardhana Emperor Harsha (c. 606–47 CE). The latter is identified with Shiladitya mentioned in Xuanzang's account. However, according to M. A. Stein, Kalhana's Vikramaditya is another Shiladitya mentioned in Xuanzang's account: a king of Malwa around 580 CE.
Pravarasena II	60 years	125 CE	Coinage of Pravarasena, supposed founder of Srinagar. Obverse: Standing king with two figured seated below. Name "Pravarasena". Reverse: goddess seated on a lion. Legend "Kidāra". Circa 6th-early 7th century CE. Historical evidence suggests that a king named Pravarasena ruled Kashmir in the 6th century CE. According to Kalhana, Pravarasena subdued many other kings, in lands as far as Saurashtra. He restored the rule of Vikramaditya's son Pratapshila (alias Shiladitya), who had been expelled from Ujjain by his enemies. Pratapshila agreed to be a vassal of Pravarasena after initial resistance. He founded a city called Pravarapura, which is identified by later historians as the modern city of Srinagar on the basis topographical details.
Yudhishthira II	39 years, 8 months	185 CE	Son of Pravarasena
Narendraditya I (Lakshmana)	13 years	206 CE	Son of Yudhishthira II and Padmavati
Ranaditya I (Tungjina III)	42 years	219 CE	Sri Tujina. Circa 7th century CE, Kashmir. Younger brother of Narendraditya. His queen Ranarambha was an incarnation of Bhramaravasini. The Chola king Ratisena had found her among the waves, during an ocean worship ritual.
Vikramaditya	42 years	267 CE	Son of Ranaditya
Baladitya	36 years, 8 months	309 to 345 CE	Younger brother of Vikramaditya. He subdued several enemies. An astrologer prophesied that his son-in-law would succeed him as the king. To avoid this outcome, the king married his daughter Anangalekha to Durlabhavardhana, a handsome but non-royal man from Ashvaghama Kayastha caste.

Karkota dynasty (625 – 855)

Main article: Karkota dynasty

List of rulers–

Ruler	Reign	Ascension year
Durlabhavardhana (Prajnaditya)	38 years	598 CE
Durlabhaka (Pratapaditya II)	60 years	634 CE
Chandrapida (Vajraditya I)	8 years, 8 months	694 CE
Tarapida (Udayaditya)	4 years, 24 days	703 CE
Muktapida (Lalitaditya I)	36 years, 7 months, 11 days	703 CE
Kuvalayapida	1 year, 15 days	739 CE
Vajraditya II (Bappiyaka / Vappiyaka / Lalitaditya II)	7 years	746 CE
Prithivyapida I	4 years, 1 month	750 CE
Sangramapida I	7 days	750 CE
Jayapida (Vinayaditya); Jajja	31 years; 3 years	781 CE
Lalitapida	12 years	793 CE
Sangramapida II (Prithivyapida II)	7 years	805 CE
Chippatajayapida (Brhspati / Vrihaspati)	12 years	812 CE
Ajitapida	37 years	830 CE
Anangapida	3 years	867 CE
Utpalapida	2 years	870 CE

Utpala dynasty (855 – 1012)

Main article: Utpala dynasty

List of rulers–

Ruler	Reign (CE)
Avantivarman	853/855–883
Shankaravarman	883–902
Gopalavarman	902–904
Sankata	904
Sugandha	904–906
Partha	906–921
Nirjitavarman	921–922
Chakravarman	922–933
Shuravarman I	933–934
Partha (2nd reign)	934–935
Chakravarman (2nd reign)	935
Shankaravardhana (or Shambhuvardhana)	935–936
Chakravarman (3rd reign)	936–937
Unmattavanti ("Mad Avanti")	937–939
Shuravarman II	939
Yashaskara-deva	939
Varnata	948
Sangramadeva (Sanggrama I)	948
Parvagupta	948–950
Kshemagupta	950–958
Abhimanyu II	958–972
Nandigupta	972–973
Tribhuvanagupta	973–975
Bhimagupta	975–980
Didda	980–1009/1012

Lohar dynasty (1003 – 1339)

Main article: Lohara dynasty

List of rulers–

Ruler	Ascension year (CE)
Sangramaraja (Samgramaraja / Kshamapati)	1003 CE
Hariraja	1028 CE
Ananta-deva	1028 CE
Kalasha (Ranaditya II)	1063 CE
Utkarsha	1089 CE
Harsha	died in 1101 CE
Uchchala	1101 CE
Sussala	unknown
Jayasimha	1111 CE
Paramanuka	1123 CE
Vantideva	until 1165 CE
Vuppadeva	1172 CE
Jassaka	1181 CE
Jagadeva	1199 CE
Rājadeva	1213 CE
Samgrāmadeva	1235 CE
Laksmandadeva	1273 CE
Simhadeva	1286 CE
Sūhadeva	1301 CE
Rinchan	13 November 1320 – December 1320 (as Maharaja of Kashmir), December 1320 – 25 November 1323 (as Sultan of Kashmir)
Udayanadeva	1323 CE
Kota Rani	1338–1339 CE

Shah Mir Dynasty (1339 – 1561)

Main articles: Shah Mir dynasty and Kashmir Sultanate

No.	Titular Name	Birth Name	Reign
1	Shamsu'd-Dīn Shāh شَمس اُلدِین شَاہ	Shāh Mīr شَاہ مِیر	1339 – 1342
2	Jamshīd Shāh جَمشید شَاہ	Jamshīd جَمشید	1342 – 1342
3	Alāu'd-Dīn Shāh عَلاؤ اُلدِین شَاہ	Alī Shēr عَلی شیر	1343 – 1354
4	Shihābu'd-Dīn Shāh شِہاب اُلدِین شَاہ	Shīrashāmak شِیراشَامَک	1354 – 1373
5	Qutbu'd-Dīn Shāh قُتب اُلدِین شَاہ	Hindāl حِندَال	1373 – 1389
6	Sikandar Shāh سِکَندَر شَاہ	Shingara شِنگَرَہ	1389 – 1412
7	Alī Shāh عَلی شَاہ	Mīr Khān مِیر خَان	1412 – 1418
8	Zainu'l-'Ābidīn زین اُلعَابِدِین	Shāhī Khān شَاہی خَان	1418 – 1419
9	Alī Shāh عَلی شَاہ	Mīr Khān مِیر خَان	1419 – 1420
10	Zainu'l-'Ābidīn زین اُلعَابِدِین	Shāhī Khān شَاہی خَان	1420 – 12 May 1470
11	Haider Shāh حیدِر شَاہ	Hāji Khān حَاجِی خَان	12 May 1470 – 13 April 1472
12	Hasan Shāh حَسَن شَاہ	Hasan Khān حَسَن خَان	13 April 1472 – 19 April 1484
13	Muhammad Shāh مُحَمَد شَاہ	Muhammad Khān مُحَمَد خَان	19 April 1484 – 14 October 1486
14	Fatēh Shāh فَتح شَاہ	Fatēh Khān فَتح خَان	14 October 1486 – July 1493
15	Muhammad Shāh مُحَمَد شَاہ	Muhammad Khān مُحَمَد خَان	July 1493 – 1505
16	Fatēh Shāh فَتح شَاہ	Fatēh Khān فَتح خَان	1505 – 1514
17	Muhammad Shāh مُحَمَد شَاہ	Muhammad Khān مُحَمَد خَان	1514 – September 1515
18	Fatēh Shāh فَتح شَاہ	Fatēh Khān فَتح خَان	September 1515 – August 1517
19	Muhammad Shāh مُحَمَد شَاہ	Muhammad Khān مُحَمَد خَان	August 1517 – January 1528
20	Ibrahīm Shāh اِبرَاہِیم شَاہ	Ibrahīm Khān اِبرَاہِیم خَان	January 1528 – April 1528
21	Nāzuk Shāh نَازُک شَاہ	Nādir Shāh نَادِر شَاہ	April 1528 – June 1530
22	Muhammad Shāh مُحَمَد شَاہ	Muhammad Khān مُحَمَد خَان	June 1530 – July 1537
23	Shamsu'd-Dīn Shāh II شَمس اُلدِین شَاہ دوم	Shamsu'd-Dīn شَمس اُلدِین	July 1537 – 1540
24	Ismaīl Shāh اِسمَاعِیل شَاہ	Ismaīl Khān اِسمَاعِیل خَان	1540 – December 1540
25	Nāzuk Shāh نَازُک شَاہ	Nādir Shāh نَادِر شَاہ	December 1540 – December 1552
26	Ibrahīm Shāh اِبرَاہِیم شَاہ	Ibrahīm Khān اِبرَاہِیم خَان	December 1552 – 1555
27	Ismaīl Shāh اِسمَاعِیل شَاہ	Ismaīl Khān اِسمَاعِیل خَان	1555 – 1557
28	Habīb Shāh حَبِیب شَاہ	Habīb Khān حَبِیب خَان	1557 – 1561

Note: Muhammad Shah had five separate reigns from 1484 to 1537.

Chak dynasty (1561 – 1579)

Main article: Chak dynasty

Titular Name	Personal Name	Reign
Muḥammad Humāyūn محمد ہمایوں	Ghazi Shah غازی شاہ چَک	1561 – 1563
Nasiru'd-Din ناصرالدین	Husain Shah حُسین شاہ چَک	1563 – 1570
Zahīru'd-Din Muhammad Alī ظہیرالدین محمد علی	Ali Shah عَلی شاہ چَک	1570 – December 1578
Nasiru'd-Din Ghazi ناصرالدین غازی	Yousuf Shah (1) یُوسُفْ شاہ چَک	December 1578 – February 1579

Baihaqi dynasty

Title	Personal Name	Reign
Sultan سلطان	Sayyid Mubarak Baihaqi سيد مبارک بیهقی	February 1579 – November 1579

Chak dynasty Restored (1579 – 1589)

Titular Name	Personal Name	Reign
Lohar Ghazi لوہر غازی	Lohar Khan لوہر خان چَک	November 1579 – November 1580
Nasiru'd-Din Ghazi ناصرالدین غازی	Yousuf Shah (2) یُوسُفْ شاہ چَک	November 1580 – 14 February 1586
Ismā'īl Shah اسماعیل شاہ	Yakub Shah یَعقوب شاہ چَک	14 February 1586 – 8 August 1589

• Yakub Shah was dethroned on 14 October 1586 by the Mughals but continued to use the title of the Sultan of Kashmir till 1589.

Mughal Empire (1586 – 1752)

Main articles: List of Mughal emperors and Mughal Kashmir

Portrait	Titular Name	Birth Name	Birth	Reign	Death
1	Akbar اکبر	Abu'l Fath Jalal Ud-Din Muhammad ابوالفتح جلال الدین محمد	15 October 1542 Umerkot, Pakistan	14 October 1586 – 27 October 1605 (19 years 0 months 13 days)	27 October 1605 (aged 63) Agra, India
2	Jahangir جہانگیر	Nur Ud-Din Baig Muhammad khan Salim نورالدین بیگ محمد خان سلیم	31 August 1569 Agra, India	3 November 1605 – 28 October 1627 (21 years 11 months 23 days)	28 October 1627 (aged 58) Jammu and Kashmir, India
3	Shah Jahan شاہ جہان	Shahab Ud-Din Muhammad Khurram شہاب الدین محمد خرم	5 January 1592 Lahore, Pakistan	19 January 1628 – 31 July 1658 (30 years 8 months 25 days)	22 January 1666 (aged 74) Agra, India
4	Aurangzeb اورنگزیب Alamgir عالمگیر	Muhi Ud-Din Muhammad محی الدین محمد	3 November 1618 Gujarat, India	31 July 1658 – 3 March 1707 (48 years 7 months 0 days)	3 March 1707 (aged 88) Ahmednagar, India
5	Azam Shah اعظم شاہ	Qutb Ud-Din Muhammad قطب الدين محمد	28 June 1653 Burhanpur, India	14 March 1707 – 20 June 1707	20 June 1707 (aged 53) Agra, India
6	Bahadur Shah بہادر شاہ Shah Alam شاہ عالم	Abul-Nasr Sayyid Qutb-ud-din Mirza Muhammad Muazzam ابوالنصر سید قطب الدین مرزا محمد معظم	14 October 1643 Burhanpur, India	19 June 1707 – 27 February 1712 (4 years, 253 days)	27 February 1712 (aged 68) Lahore, Pakistan
7	Jahandar Shah جہاندار شاہ	Mu'izz-ud-Din Beg Muhammad Khan Bahādur معیز الدین بیگ محمد خان بہادر	9 May 1661 Deccan, India	27 February 1712 – 11 February 1713 (0 years, 350 days)	12 February 1713 (aged 51) Delhi, India
8	Farrukhsiyar فرخ سیر	Abu'l Muzaffar Muīn-ud-Dīn Muhammad Shāh Farrukhsiyar Alim Akbar Sāni Wālā Shān Pādshāh-i-bahr-u-bar ابوالمظفر معین الدین محمد شاہ فرخ سیار علیم اکبر ثانی والا شان پادشاہ البحر البر Puppet King Under the Sayyids of Barha	20 August 1685 Aurangabad, India	11 January 1713 – 28 February 1719 (6 years, 48 days)	19 April 1719 (aged 33) Delhi, India
9	Rafi ud-Darajat رفیع الدرجات	Abu'l Barakat Shams-ud-Din Muhammad Rafi ud-Darajat Padshah Ghazi Shahanshah-i-Bahr-u-Bar ابوالبرکات شمس الدین محمد رفیع الدراجات پادشاہ غازی شہنشاہ البحر البر Puppet King Under the Sayyids of Barha	1 December 1699	28 February 1719 – 6 June 1719 (0 years, 98 days)	6 June 1719 (aged 19) Agra, India
10	Shah Jahan II شاہ جہان دوم	Rafi-ud-Din Muhammad Rafi-ud-Daulah رفیع الدین محمد رفیع الدولہ Puppet King Under the Sayyids of Barha	5 January 1696	6 June 1719 – 17 September 1719 (0 years, 105 days)	18 September 1719 (aged 23) Agra, India
11	Muhammad Shah محمد شاہ	Nasir-ud-Din Muḥammad Shah Roshan Akhtar Bahadur Ghazi ناصر الدین محمد شاہ روشن اختر بہادر غازی Puppet King Under the Sayyids of Barha	7 August 1702 Ghazni, Afghanistan	27 September 1719 – 26 April 1748 (28 years, 212 days)	26 April 1748 (aged 45) Delhi, India
12	Ahmad Shah Bahadur احمد شاہ بہادر	Abu-Nasir Mujahid ud-din Muhammad Ahmad Shah Bahadur Ghazi ابو ناصر مجاہد الدین محمد احمد شاہ بہادر غازی	23 December 1725 Delhi, India	29 April 1748 – 1752 (4 years)	1 January 1775 (aged 49) Delhi, India

Durrani Empire (1752 – 1754)

Main articles: Durrani dynasty and Durrani Empire

Name	Lifespan	Reign start	Reign end	Notes	Family	Image
Ahmad Shah Durrani the Father of the Nation	1720/1722 – 4 June 1772	1752	1754	Established the Durrani dynasty and the Durrani Empire; Considered founder of modern Afghanistan	Durrani

Raja of Kashmir

Titular Name(s)	Personal Name	Reign
Raja Jiwan راجہ جیون	Sukh Jiwan Mal Sahni سکھ جیون مال ساہنی	1754–1762

Durrani Empire Restored (1762 – 1819)

Name	Lifespan	Reign start	Reign end	Notes	Family	Image
Ahmad Shah Durrani the Father of the Nation	1720/1722 – 4 June 1772	1762	4 June 1772	Established the Durrani dynasty and the Durrani Empire; Considered founder of modern Afghanistan	Durrani
Timur Shah Durrani	December 1746 – 20 May 1793	November 1772	20 May 1793	Son of Ahmad Shah Durrani Preserved the Durrani Empire following the death of his father after fighting off civil war in 1772, and multiple rebellions	Durrani
Zaman Shah Durrani	1770–1844	20 May 1793	25 July 1801 (deposed)	Son of Timur Shah Durrani Engaged in civil war with his brothers after the death of his father, later being deposed	Durrani
Mahmud Shah Durrani Shah Mahmud	1769 – 18 April 1829	25 July 1801	13 July 1803 (deposed)	Son of Timur Shah Durrani Engaged in civil war with his brothers after the death of his father, later being deposed	Durrani
Shah Shujah Durrani Inayat-i-llahi, Shuja ul-Mulk, Muhammad Bahadur	4 November 1785 – 5 April 1842	13 July 1803	3 May 1809 (deposed)	Son of Timur Shah Durrani Engaged in civil war with his brothers after the death of his father, later being deposed, and making multiple attempts to reclaim his throne	Durrani
Mahmud Shah Durrani (2nd reign) Shah Mahmud	1769 – 18 April 1829	3 May 1809	1818 (deposed)	Son of Timur Shah Durrani Exiled to Herat following his deposition during his second reign	Durrani
Ali Shah Durrani		1818	1819 (deposed)	Son of Timur Shah Durrani	Durrani

Sikh Empire (1819 – 1846)

Main article: Sikh Empire

S. No.	Name	Portrait	Birth and death		Reign			Note
1	Maharaja Ranjit Singh		13 November 1780 (Gujranwala)	27 June 1839 (Lahore)	5 July 1819	27 June 1839	19 years, 357 days	The first Sikh king	Stroke
2	Maharaja Kharak Singh		22 February 1801 (Lahore)	5 November 1840 (Lahore)	27 June 1839	8 October 1839	103 days	Son of Ranjit Singh	Poisoning
3	Maharaja Nau Nihal Singh		11 February 1820 (Lahore)	6 November 1840 (Lahore)	8 October 1839	6 November 1840	1 year, 29 days	Son of Kharak Singh	Assassinated
4	Maharani Chand Kaur		1802 (Fatehgarh Churian)	11 June 1842 (Lahore)	6 November 1840	18 January 1841	73 days	Wife of Kharak Singh and the only female ruler of Sikh Empire	Abdicated
5	Maharaja Sher Singh		4 December 1807 (Batala)	15 September 1843 (Lahore)	18 January 1841	15 September 1843	2 years, 240 days	Son of Ranjit Singh	Assassinated
6	Maharaja Duleep Singh		6 September 1838 (Lahore)	22 October 1893 (Paris)	15 September 1843	16 March 1846	2 years, 182 days	Son of Ranjit Singh	Exiled

State of Jammu and Kashmir (1846 – 1952)

Main articles: Dogra dynasty and Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)

Title	Personal Name	Reign
Maharaja	Gulab Singh	16 March 1846 – 20 February 1856
Maharaja	Ranbir Singh	20 February 1856 – 12 September 1885
Maharaja	Pratap Singh	12 September 1885 – 23 September 1925
Maharaja	Hari Singh	12 September 1925 – 17 November 1952

See also

• List of Indian monarchs
• History of Kashmir
• Martand Sun Temple
• Lalitaditya Muktapida
• Rajatarangini & Kalhan
• Gonanda dynasty