Leucostele terscheckii
| Leucostele terscheckii | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Cactaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cactoideae |
| Genus: | Leucostele |
| Species: | L. terscheckii
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| Binomial name | |
| Leucostele terscheckii (J.Parm. ex Pfeiff.) Schlumpb.
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| Synonyms | |
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Leucostele terscheckii, commonly known as the cardon grande cactus or Argentine saguaro, is a large cactus native to South America and popular in cultivation.[2]
Description
[edit]It is a columnar, branching cactus that can grow over 7.6 metres (25 ft) tall. Its branches are about 25 cm (9.8 in) in diameter with 8 to 14 ribs. Branches are cylindrical, fleshy, light green. The branches are 10-20 cm in diameter, with 8-14 blunt ribs. It has large brownish areoles about 2.5 cm (0.98 in) apart with 8 to 15 yellowish spines, 8.3–10 cm (3.3–3.9 in) long, a central one, sometimes absent, and 8-15 radial. The nocturnal funnel-shaped white flowers can grow up to 15–20 cm (5.9–7.9 in) long and 13–15 cm (5.1–5.9 in) wide. Pericarp and flower tube with dense white or brown axillary hairs. The round or oblong blue fruits are about 1.3 cm (0.51 in) in diameter and contain black to brown, oval seeds approximately 0.76 mm (0.030 in) long.[3]
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Spines -
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Crested plant
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Native distribution
[edit]It is native to several provinces including Jujuy, Tucumán, La Rioja, San Juan, Catamarca and Salta provinces in northwestern Argentina, and is the eponymous cactus of Los Cardones National Park in Salta Province. Range continues to the western slopes of the Andes in Peru, Bolivia department of Tarija, and Ecuador. It is found growing on dry slopes of the Andean foothills at altitudes of 500 to 1500 meters.
Taxonomy
[edit]This species was first described as Cereus terscheckii by Ludwig Georg Karl Pfeiffer was published in 1837.[4] Heimo Friedrich and Gordon Douglas Rowley placed the species in the genus Echinopsis in 1974.[3] The specific epithet terscheckii honors the court gardener Carl Adolph Terscheck of Japanisches Palais in Dresden. In 2012, Boris O. Schlumpberger reclassified the species into the genus Leucostele.[5]
Human uses
[edit]Leucostele terscheckii contains > 0.005-0.025% mescaline[6] in fresh cactus and 0.01%-2.375%[7] mescaline in dry weight, so dried cactus is sometimes processed for mescaline hydrochloride.
References
[edit]- ^ "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010-09-22. Retrieved 2023-08-26.
- ^ "Cardon Grande (Echinopsis terscheckii)". Desert-tropicals.com. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
- ^ a b Rowley, Gordon (1978). Reunion of the Genus Echinopsis. Vol. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Succulents. New York: Crown Publishing. ISBN 978-0-517-53309-3.
- ^ Dietrich, Albert; Otto, Friedrich (1837). "Allgemeine Gartenzeitung". Biodiversity Heritage Library. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
- ^ Boris O. Schlumpberger: New combinations in the Echinopsis alliance. In: Cactaceae Systematics Initiatives. Nr. 28, 2012, S. 30.
- ^ "Partial List of Alkaloids in Trichocereus Cacti". Thenook.org. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
- ^ Forbidden Fruit Archives Archived 2005-11-28 at the Wayback Machine
- http://www.delange.org/CardonGrande/CardonGrande.htm Archived 2016-06-23 at the Wayback Machine
- Trichocereus terscheckii (J.Parm. ex Pfeiff.) Britton & Rose Plants of the World Online
External links
[edit]
Media related to Leucostele terscheckii at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Leucostele terscheckii at Wikispecies- "Argentine Saguaro (Trichocereus terscheckii)". iNaturalist. Retrieved 2021-04-09.
