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Murtala Muhammed International Airport

Coordinates: 06°34′38″N 003°19′16″E / 6.57722°N 3.32111°E / 6.57722; 3.32111
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Murtala Muhammed
International Airport

Pápá Ọkọ̀ Òfurufú Káríayé Múrítàlá Mùhammẹ̀d
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner/OperatorFederal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN)
ServesIkeja
Lagos
Lekki
LocationIkeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
Hub for
Time zoneWAT (UTC+01:00)
Elevation AMSL135 ft / 41 m
Coordinates06°34′38″N 003°19′16″E / 6.57722°N 3.32111°E / 6.57722; 3.32111
Websitehttps://mma2.ng
Map
LOS is located in Lagos
LOS
LOS
Location of Airport in Lagos
LOS is located in Nigeria
LOS
LOS
LOS (Nigeria)
LOS is located in Africa
LOS
LOS
LOS (Africa)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
18R/36L 3,900 12,794 Asphalt
18L/36R 2,743 8,999 Asphalt
Statistics (2021)
Passengers5,689,234
Sources: National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria[1] Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria[2] WAD[3] GCM[4]

Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA)[2] (IATA: LOS, ICAO: DNMM) (Yoruba: Pápá Ọkọ̀ Òfurufú Káríayé Múrítàlá Mùhammẹ̀d) is an international airport located in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria, and is the major airport serving the entire state. The airport was initially built during World War II and is named after Murtala Muhammed (1938–1976), the fourth military ruler of Nigeria.

History

[edit]
Lagos Airport in 1969 with a Vickers VC-10 of Nigeria Airways and a Fokker F27 Friendship at the stands. International terminal (right) and Domestic terminal (left).
Ticketing Hall in Domestic Terminal.
Main Departures Hall in Domestic Terminal.

The airport was built during World War II. West African Airways Corporation (WAAC) was formed in 1947 and had its main base at Ikeja. De Havilland Doves were initially operated on WAACs Nigerian internal routes then West African services.[5] Larger Douglas Dakotas were added to the Ikeja-based fleet from 1957.[6]

Originally known as Lagos Airport, it was renamed after the military head of state Murtala Muhammed in 1976 following his assassination in a failed coup attempt. A new international terminal modeled after Amsterdam Airport Schiphol was constructed through the decade at a cost of ₦240 million, officially opening on 15 March 1979, as part of a broader master plan to ensure sufficient capacity through the year 2000.[7] It is the main base for Nigeria's largest airline, Air Peace, as well as for several other Nigerian airlines.

BOAC Avro York in Ikeja Airport
Exterior of 1979

Murtala Muhammed International Airport consists of an international and a domestic terminal, located about one kilometre from each other. Both terminals share the same runways. This domestic terminal used to be the old Ikeja Airport. International operations moved to the new international airport when it was ready while domestic operations moved to the Ikeja Airport, which became the domestic airport. The domestic operations were relocated to the old Lagos domestic terminal in 2000 after a fire. A new domestic privately funded terminal known as MMA2 has been constructed and was commissioned on 7 April 2007.[8][9]

During the late 1980s and 1990s, the international terminal had a reputation for being dangerous. From 1992 through 2000, the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) posted warning signs in all US international airports advising travellers that security conditions at Lagos Airport did not meet ICAO minimum standards.[citation needed] In 1993, the FAA suspended air service between Lagos and the United States. The decision affected Nigeria Airways and American Trans Air.[10]

Following Olusegun Obasanjo's democratic election in 1999, the security situation at Lagos began to improve. Airport police instituted a "shoot on sight" policy for anyone found in the secure areas around runways and taxiways, stopping further airplane robberies. Police secured the inside of the terminal and the arrival areas outside. The FAA ended its suspension of direct flights to Nigeria in 2001 in recognition of these security improvements.[citation needed] Through its joint venture with Nigeria Airways, South African Airways (SAA) inaugurated a flight from Johannesburg to New York via Lagos in February 2001. The airline reserved roughly a third of the seats on the Boeing 747 for Nigeria Airways. SAA terminated the service the following March, stating that it was unprofitable. The company added that in an attempt to increase passenger counts, they had tried to convince Nigeria Airways to accept a smaller seat allotment, but the latter refused.[11] One month later, Nigeria Airways began their own route to New York with a leased Boeing 747.[12] The airline had to suspend the flight in January 2003 because creditors had seized one of their last planes.[13][14] In July 2006, North American Airlines launched nonstop service to New York using Boeing 767s.[15][16]

By 2010, the FAA had granted the airport its highest safety rating.[17] That year, the airport served 6,273,545 passengers.[18]

Recent years[when?] have seen substantial improvements at Murtala Muhammed International Airport. Malfunctioning and non-operational infrastructures such as air conditioning and luggage belts have been repaired. The entire airport has been cleaned, and many new restaurants and duty-free stores have opened. Bilateral Air Services Agreements signed between Nigeria and other countries are being revived and new ones signed. These agreements have seen the likes of Emirates, Ocean Air, Delta and China Southern Airlines express interest and receive landing rights to Nigeria's largest international airport.

On 6 September 2012, then Minister of Aviation, Stella Oduah, announced that the Federal Government of Nigeria approved a N106 billion loan from the Exim Bank of China to construct 5 new international terminals, including a passenger terminal in Murtala Muhammed International Airport.[19] Construction began in late 2013,[20] and the new international terminal was commissioned by President Muhammadu Buhari on 22 March 2022. The new terminal has the capacity to process 14 million passengers annually.[21] Initially, most airlines did not move their flights to the new terminal as the apron did not have enough space for larger planes to taxi to the gate with the terminal's layout.[22] In response, the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria announced that it would demolish two private hangars to increase the apron space and successfully ordered all airlines to shift to the new terminal by October 2023, stating that the move was necessary to renovate the old terminal.[23][24]

Airlines and destinations

[edit]

Passenger

[edit]
The main apron area of the airport
AirlinesDestinations
Aero Contractors Abuja, Asaba, Benin City, Calabar, Enugu, Kano, Owerri, Port Harcourt, Uyo
Africa World Airlines Accra
Air Côte d'Ivoire Abidjan,[25] Libreville
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air Peace Abidjan,[26] Abuja, Accra, Akure, Asaba, Benin City,[27] Calabar, Cotonou,[28] Dakar–Diass, Douala, Dubai–International (suspended),[29] Enugu, Freetown, Ibadan, Ilorin,[30] Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo,[31] Kano, Kebbi, Lomé,[32] London–Gatwick, Monrovia–Roberts,[27] Mumbai,[33] Onitsha,[30] Owerri, Port Harcourt, Uyo, Warri[30]
Arik Air Abuja, Asaba, Benin City, Calabar, Enugu, Jos, Kaduna, Kano, Owerri, Port Harcourt, Uyo, Warri
ASKY Airlines Douala, Kinshasa–N'djili, Libreville, Lomé
Azman Air Abuja, Kano
British Airways London–Heathrow
Delta Air Lines Atlanta
Seasonal: New York–JFK (resumes 1 December 2024)[34]
Egyptair Cairo
Emirates Dubai–International[35]
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa
Green Africa Airways Abuja, Akure, Enugu, Ilorin, Owerri, Port Harcourt
Ibom Air Abuja, Accra,[36] Calabar, Enugu, Uyo
Kenya Airways Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta
KLM Amsterdam
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Malabo
Max Air Abuja, Kano, Port Harcourt
Neos Milan–Malpensa[37]
Middle East Airlines Abidjan, Beirut
Qatar Airways Doha
Royal Air Maroc Casablanca
Rwandair Kigali
South African Airways Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo[38]
TAAG Angola Airlines Luanda
Turkish Airlines Istanbul[39]
Uganda Airlines Entebbe[40]
United Airlines Washington–Dulles[41]
United Nigeria Airlines[42] Abuja, Asaba, Enugu, Onitsha,[43] Yenagoa[43]
ValueJet Abuja, Benin City, Jos, Port Harcourt
Virgin Atlantic London–Heathrow

Cargo

[edit]
AirlinesDestinations
Air France Cargo N'Djamena, Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Allied Air Ostend/Bruges
Cargolux Luxembourg
DHL Aviation Accra, Bamako, Brussels, Cotonou, Malabo
Emirates SkyCargo Dubai–Al Maktoum
Ethiopian Airlines Cargo Accra, Addis Ababa, Chongqing,[44] Kigali, Liège, London–Heathrow,[45] Miami, Santiago de Chile[46]
Lufthansa Cargo Frankfurt, Johannesburg–O.R. Tambo
Qatar Airways Cargo Doha, São Paulo–Guarulhos
Saudia Cargo Dubai–Al Maktoum, Jeddah, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Riyadh, Sharjah[47]
Turkish Cargo Dubai–Al Maktoum, Istanbul[48]

Other facilities

[edit]

The airport includes the headquarters of the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria.[49] It also houses the head office of the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority,[50] formerly just its Lagos office;[51] and the head office of the Accident Investigation Bureau.[52] The Lagos office of the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority is located in Aviation House on the grounds of the airport.[53]

Arik Air's head office is in the Arik Air Aviation Center on the grounds of the airport.[54] Aero Contractors has its head office in the Private Terminal of the Domestic Wing at Murtala Muhammed International Airport.[55][56]

At one time Nigeria Airways had its head office in Airways House on the airport property.[57] Prior to its disestablishment Afrijet Airlines had its head office in the NAHCO Building on the grounds of the airport.[58]

Statistics

[edit]

These data show the number of passengers movements into the airport, according to the Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria's Aviation Sector Summary Reports.

Annual passenger traffic at LOS airport. See Wikidata query.
Year 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Passengers 6,746,290 6,879,286 7,261,178 7,374,507 7,164,169 6,694,747 6,553,151 7,290,530 7,496,318 4,110,395 5,689,234 6,526,023
Growth (%) Increase 7.54% Increase 1.97% Increase 5.55% Increase 1.56% Decrease 2.8% Decrease 7.1% Decrease 2.16% Increase 11.2% Increase 2.8% Decrease 45.17% Increase38.41% Increase14.71%
Source: Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN). Aviation Sector Reports (2010–2013,[59] 2014,[60] Q3-Q4 of 2015,[61] and Q1-Q2 of 2016,[62])[63][64][65]

Accidents and incidents

[edit]
  • On 20 November 1969, Nigeria Airways Flight 825 crashed while on approach to Murtala Muhammed International Airport. All 87 passengers and crew on board were killed.
  • Early in 1981,[66] a Douglas C-47B of Arax Airlines (registration 5N-ARA) was damaged beyond repair in an accident and was subsequently reduced to spares.[67]
  • On 26 September 1992, a Nigerian Air Force C-130 Hercules crashed three minutes after take-off in the nearby Ejigbo canal. Three engines failed, high take-off weight. All 158 people on board were killed.
  • On 7 November 1996, ADC Airlines Flight 86, a Boeing 727-231 was approaching the airport whilst avoiding a potential collision. The 727 pilots took evasive action but overcompensated: within sixteen seconds the plane was flying upside down approaching Mach 1. The inverted aircraft disintegrated on impact, near Ejirin, killing all 144 passengers and crew.[68]
  • On 22 October 2005, Bellview Airlines Flight 210, bound for Abuja, crashed after takeoff, killing all 117 people on board.[69]
  • On 3 June 2012, Dana Air Flight 992 crashed in close proximity of the airport. The plane, a McDonnell Douglas MD-83, is reported to have banked sharply before attempting to land at LOS, subsequently crashing in the nearby residential area of Agege, killing all 153 passengers and crew on board and six others on the ground.[70][71]
  • On 3 October 2013, Associated Aviation Flight 361 crashed shortly after takeoff. The plane was an Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia. 16 people died and 4 people survived the incident.[72]
  • On 13 February 2018, Delta Air Lines Flight 55 en route to Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta, Georgia, suffered a fire, which was caught in the left-hand engine. The Airbus A330-223 aircraft stopped its climb at 2,000 feet and activated the fire suppression, returning to Lagos for a safe landing about 8 minutes after departure. The aircraft was evacuated, and 5 people received minor injuries during the evacuation.[73][74]
  • On 15 May 2019, an Air Peace Boeing 737 from Port Harcourt to Lagos suffered a hard landing on runway 18R that resulted in damage to the engine pod and the landing gear. The aircraft was grounded, although no injuries were reported.[75]
  • On 16 February 2021, an Azman Air Boeing 737 from Abuja to Lagos blew several main tyres upon landing on runway 18R. The aircraft was disabled and the runway closed overnight until the wreckage could be removed.[76]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ "Air Transportation Data (Q4 & Full Year 2017)". Nigerianstat.gov.ng. Archived from the original on 8 May 2018. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
  2. ^ a b "Murtala Muhammed International Airport, Lagos". Faanigeria.org. Archived from the original on 16 November 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  3. ^ "Airport information for DNMM". World Aero Data. Archived from the original on 5 March 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) Data current as of October 2006. Source: DAFIF.
  4. ^ Airport information for LOS at Great Circle Mapper.
  5. ^ Sykes, 1973, p. 10
  6. ^ Gradidge, 2006, p. 205
  7. ^ Joseph, Abola (15 March 1979). "Details of new international airport facilities". The Punch.
  8. ^ Opinion (6 May 2024). "MMA2: Still soaring @17". Punch Newspapers. Retrieved 28 June 2024.
  9. ^ "Murtala Mohammed International Airport". Airport Suppliers. Retrieved 28 June 2024.
  10. ^ Noble, Kenneth B. (30 August 1993). "New Leader of Nigeria Plans to Free 3 Dissidents; Strikes Continue". The New York Times. ProQuest 109079397.
  11. ^ "South African Airways ends joint venture with Nigerian Airways". South African Press Association. 12 March 2002. ProQuest 450205069.
  12. ^ "Nigeria Airways Starts Flights on Lagos-New York Route". Xinhua News Agency. 3 April 2002. ProQuest 453520009.
  13. ^ Koinange, Jeff (15 January 2003). "Nigerians protest over grounded airline". CNN. Archived from the original on 24 January 2003. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
  14. ^ "Stranded Nigeria Airways passengers hold protests". Airline Industry Information. 17 January 2003. ProQuest 210546003.
  15. ^ "North American Airlines Inaugurates Nonstop Scheduled Service Between New York and Lagos, Nigeria" (Press release). World Air Holdings. 17 July 2006. ProQuest 447463281.
  16. ^ Chao, Loretta (25 July 2006). "Travel watch". The Wall Street Journal. ProQuest 398960979.
  17. ^ "FAA Grants Nigeria Its Highest Air Safety Rating". SSi (Safety & Security Instruction). 24 August 2010. Archived from the original on 27 February 2015. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
  18. ^ "Nigerian airports handled 57.55m passengers in four years". Punchng.com. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 18 September 2015.
  19. ^ "FG approves N106bn for construction of new airport terminals". Vanguard News. 6 September 2012. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  20. ^ "Waiting for New Airport Terminals". THISDAYLIVE. 9 November 2017. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  21. ^ "Buhari inaugurates terminal with 66 check-in counters for MMIA in Lagos - P.M. News". Retrieved 26 March 2022.
  22. ^ Oyebade, Wole (6 November 2022). "New MMIA Terminal: Design flaws leave $100m 'beauty' deserted, grossly underutilised". The Guardian (Nigeria). Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  23. ^ Fabunmi, Funmilayo (1 September 2023). "Airport expansion: FG to demolish multibillion-naira Lagos private jet terminals". The Punch. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  24. ^ "FAAN announces relocation of flight operations to Lagos airport new terminal". TheCable. 7 September 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  25. ^ "Air Côte d'Ivoire English » Flight schedules". Aircotedivoire.com. Archived from the original on 20 May 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  26. ^ "Air Peace Expands Regional Footprint: New Flights to Cotonou and Abidjan Set to Take off".
  27. ^ a b "Home | flyairpeace.com". Archived from the original on 16 May 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
  28. ^ "Air Peace Expands Regional Footprint: New Flights to Cotonou and Abidjan Set to Take off".
  29. ^ Salau, Sulaimon (6 February 2022). "Air Peace resumes direct flights to Dubai". The Guardian Nigeria. Retrieved 6 February 2022.
  30. ^ a b c "Home". flyairpeace.com.
  31. ^ "Home | flyairpeace.com".
  32. ^ "Air Peace Adds Lome Service From late-July 2023". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
  33. ^ "AIR PEACE ADDS INDIA SERVICE IN NS23". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
  34. ^ "Delta resumes flights JFK-Lagos flights, upgrades other US to Africa service". AeroTime. 29 April 2024.
  35. ^ "Emirates returns to Nigeria from 1 October". Emirates. 16 May 2024.
  36. ^ "Ibom Air Schedules mid-October 2023 International Debut". Aeroroutes. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  37. ^ "Destinazioni: Lagos" [Destinations: Lagos]. neosair.it (in Italian). 16 September 2024.
  38. ^ "SAA Adds Lagos, Nigeria to Its African Route Network | Travel Agent Central". 23 November 2021.
  39. ^ "Istanbul New Airport Transition Delayed Until April 5, 2019 (At The Earliest)". Archived from the original on 27 February 2019. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
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  42. ^ "United Nigeria begins commercial operations".
  43. ^ a b "Home". flyunitednigeria.com.
  44. ^ "Ethiopian Airlines puts Chongqing on freighter map". 10 July 2019.
  45. ^ "Ethiopian | Cargo | Schedules". Archived from the original on 11 April 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2013.
  46. ^ "Ethiopian Cargo adds Nanjing service from May 2018". Airline Route. 25 June 2018. Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 25 June 2018.
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  48. ^ "Turkish Airlines Cargo Winter Schedule" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 June 2013. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  49. ^ "Contact Information Archived 26 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine." Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria. Retrieved on 8 September 2010.
  50. ^ "Contact". Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority. Retrieved 21 June 2020. Visit our office AVIATION HOUSE P.M.B. 21029, 21038 Murtala Muhammed Airport, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
  51. ^ "Contact Us Archived 2011-07-24 at the Wayback Machine." Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority. Retrieved on 9 September 2010.
  52. ^ "Home Archived 11 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine." Accident Investigation Bureau. Retrieved on 4 November 2011. "HEAD OFFICE Muritala Muhammed International Airport P.M.B 016, MMIA, Ikeja, Lagos"
  53. ^ "Contact Us Archived 24 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine." Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority. Retrieved on 9 September 2010.
  54. ^ "New aircraft to make arik air the largest commercial carrier in Nigeria arik air reflects on six months of flying "the new experience" Archived 5 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine." Arik Air. 28 March 2007. Retrieved on 8 September 2010. "For more information, please contact Gbemiga Ogunieye, Head of Communications, Arik Air Ltd, Arik Air Aviation Centre, Murtala Muhammed Domestic Airport, PO Box 10468, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria."
  55. ^ "Privacy Policy Archived 11 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine." Aero Contractors. Retrieved on 8 September 2010. "Aero Contractors Company of Nigeria Limited, (Private Terminal), Murtala Muhammed Airport, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria."
  56. ^ "Offices & Phone Numbers Archived 9 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine." Aero Contractors. Retrieved on 8 September 2010.
  57. ^ World Air Transport statistics, Issues 24–28. International Air Transport Association, 1980. 4 Archived 14 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved from Google Books on 11 June 2012. "NIGERIA AIRWAYS LIMITED – WT Airways House Murtala Muhammed Airport PO 8ox 136 Lagos. Nigeria"
  58. ^ "Directory:World Airlines." Flight International. 16–22 March 2004. 53 Archived 26 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
  59. ^ "Passenger Only Aviation Data Report 2010-13 to Q1 2014". Nigerianstat.gov.ng. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  60. ^ "Aviation Sector Summary Report Q4 2014 – Q1 2015". Nigerianstat.gov.ng. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  61. ^ "NIGERIA AVIATION SECTOR Q3-Q4 2015 REPORT". Nigerianstat.gov.ng. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  62. ^ "Nigerian Aviation Sector Summary Report: Q1-Q2 2016". Nigerianstat.gov.ng. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  63. ^ "FEDERAL AIRPORTS AUTHORITY OF NIGERIA : OPERATIONS HEADQUAETERS : JANUARY – DECEMBER 2015 ANNUAL REPORT : DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL" (PDF). Faan.gov.ng. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
  64. ^ "Traffic Movement Data – Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria". Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  65. ^ "Five airports share 89.7% passenger traffic in Nigeria in 2022 – Report". 29 August 2023.
  66. ^ "African/Arab Countries". Aviation in Malta. Archived from the original on 4 October 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2010.
  67. ^ "5N-ARA Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 24 July 2010.
  68. ^ "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-231 5N-BBG Ejirin".
  69. ^ "[1] Archived 4 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine BBC News article."
  70. ^ Urquhart, Conal (3 June 2012). "At least 147 Killed in Nigeria Plane Crash". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
  71. ^ Report on the Accident to DANA AIRLINES NIGERIA LIMITED Boeing MD-83 aircraft with registration 5N-RAM which occurred at Iju-Ishaga Area of Lagos State, Nigeria, on 3rd June 2012 (PDF) (Report). Accident Investigation Bureau. DANA/2012/06/03/F. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
  72. ^ "The Aviation Herald". Avherald.com. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
  73. ^ "Accident: Delta A332 at Lagos on Feb 13th 2018, engine fire". Avherald.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
  74. ^ Ranter, Harro. "Serious incident Airbus A330-223 N858NW, 13 Feb 2018". Aviation-safety.net. Archived from the original on 26 February 2018. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
  75. ^ "Accident: Peace B733 at Lagos on May 15th 2019, hard landing and engine pod strike". Archived from the original on 12 June 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  76. ^ "Incident: Azman B735 at Lagos".

75. https://www.vanguardngr.com/2024/05/breaking-emirates-airlines-to-resume-operation-in-nigeria-october-1/

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Gradidge, Jennifer (2006). The DC-3 The First Seventy Years. Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 0-85130-332-3.
  • Sykes, Terry (1973). The DH.104 Dove and DH.114 Heron. Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 0-85130-033-2.
[edit]

Media related to Murtala Muhammed International Airport at Wikimedia Commons

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