Kurt Fricke

Kurt Fricke
Born	(1889-11-08)8 November 1889 Berlin
Died	2 May 1945(1945-05-02) (aged 55) Berlin
Allegiance	German Empire (to 1919) Weimar Republic (to 1933) Nazi Germany
Service / branch	Imperial German Navy Reichsmarine Kriegsmarine
Years of service	1910–45
Rank	Admiral
Unit	SMS Hertha SMS Moltke
Battles / wars	World War I World War II
Awards	Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross

Kurt Fricke (8 November 1889 – 2 May 1945) was an Admiral with the Kriegsmarine (navy) of Nazi Germany during World War II and a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.

Biography

Fricke entered the Kaiserliche Marine as a cadet on 1 April 1910. He served on SMS Hertha during his cadetship and graduated from the Naval Academy at Mürwik. After graduating he was posted to the battlecruiser SMS Moltke. On 27 September 1913 Fricke was promoted to lieutenant. During World War I, Fricke served at the Battle of Dogger Bank. Fricke was promoted to Oberleutnant zur See in 1916 and transferred to torpedo boats. He served on G103 and G101. On 7 March 1918 he became an aide-de-camp to the commander of the torpedo boats, in which position he ended the war.

After the war he served in the administration of the German navy as adjutant to the commander in chief of the navy. From 1922 to 1924 he served on the I. Flottille, in which he commanded destroyers T139 and T148. In September 1924, Fricke became a company officer in a coastal defence unit. Fricke was promoted to Korvettenkapitän (corvette captain) in 1928. He served three years as a marine adjutant to the Reichswehrminister.

In 1929 Fricke was made commander of half a squadron of torpedo boats. On 16 September 1931 he became commander of the I. Torpedobootsflottille (1st Torpedo-boat Flotilla). In 1933 he became Führer der Torpedoboote (commander of the torpedo-boat branch). On 1 April 1934 Fricke was promoted to Fregattenkapitän (frigate captain). Fricke then was posted as chief of staff to the inspectorate of destroyer and mine-warfare in the rank of Kapitän zur See (captain at sea) (1935). From October 1936 to September 1937 he served at the Wehrmacht-Akademie. After this academic posting, Fricke served on the Oberkommando der Marine as Chief of the Operations department of the Seekriegsleitung (Naval War Staff). On 30 April 1939 Fricke became liaison officer to the commander-in-chief of the Luftwaffe, Hermann Göring.

After the start of the Second World War, Fricke was promoted to Konteradmiral (rear admiral) on 1 November 1939 and Vizeadmiral (vice admiral) on 1 June 1941. From 13 June 1941 to 20 February 1943 Fricke was Chief of Staff of the Seekriegsleitung. Promoted to Admiral on 1 April 1942, Fricke was named commander of the Marinegruppenkommando Süd (21 March 1943 – 11 December 1944). In December 1944 Fricke was placed in the Führerreserve. Fricke was killed on 2 May 1945 during the Battle of Berlin.

Awards

• Iron Cross (1914)
  • 2nd Class (4 January 1915)
  • 1st Class (28 June 1916)
• Friedrich August Cross (Oldenburg)
  • 2nd Class (25 May 1916)
  • 1st Class (3 April 1918)
• Hanseatic Cross, Hamburg (14 June 1916)
• Knight's Cross of the House Order of Hohenzollern with Swords (5 March 1918)
• Knight's Cross, First Class of the Order of the Sword (Sweden, 12 July 1930)
• The Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918 1914/1918 (1934)
• Sudetenland Medal (22 May 1939)
• Wehrmacht Long Service Award, 1st with 4th Class (2 October 1936)
• Order of Naval Merit, 3rd class in White (Spain, 21 August 1939)
• Clasp to the Iron Cross (1939)
  • 2nd Class (1 October 1939)
  • 1st Class (27 November 1939)
• Memel Medal (26 October 1939)
• Order of the Yugoslav Crown, 2nd class with Star (9 November 1939)
• Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria), 1st class with War Decoration (Bulgaria, 1942)
• Order of the Cross of Liberty, 1st class with Oak Leaves and Swords (Finland, March 25, 1942)
• Order of Michael the Brave, 3rd class (1 September 1942)
• Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of King Zvonimir with swords (Croatia, 26 September 1942)
• Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 1 October 1942 as Admiral and chief-of-staff in Naval Operations (Seekriegsleitung) in the Naval High Command (Oberkommando der Marine)
• Grand Cross of the Order of the Star of Romania with swords and military band of virtue (7 October 1942)

References

Bibliography

• Dörr, Manfred (1995). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Überwasserstreitkräfte der Kriegsmarine—Band 1: A–K [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Surface Forces of the Navy—Volume 1: A–K] (in German). Osnabrück, Germany: Biblio Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7648-2453-2.
• Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
• Range, Clemens (1974). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Kriegsmarine [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Navy]. Stuttgart, Germany: Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 978-3-87943-355-1.
• Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.