Kostrza, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Kostrza | |
|---|---|
Village | |
_(0013).jpg) | |
  Kostrza | |
| Coordinates: 50°59′06″N 16°15′59″E / 50.98500°N 16.26639°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lower Silesian |
| County | Świdnica |
| Gmina | Strzegom |
| First mentioned | 1290 |
| Population | |
| • Total | 785 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Vehicle registration | DSW |
Kostrza [ˈkɔstʂa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Strzegom, within Świdnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.[1]
It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Strzegom, 20 kilometres (12 mi) north-west of Świdnica, and 57 kilometres (35 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław.
History
[edit]
The village was founded by Slavic Lechitic tribes in the Early Middle Ages, and there is an archaeological site from that period in Kostrza.[2] The territory became part of the emerging Polish state in the 10th century. The oldest known written mention of the village comes from a medieval document of Duke Bolko I the Strict from 1290, when it passed from the Duchy of Wrocław to the Duchy of Świdnica and Jawor within fragmented Piast-ruled Poland. It developed as a linear settlement. It is possible that Duke Bernard of Świdnica granted the village to the knight Tyczko in 1318.[3] A church in the village was mentioned in the 1370s.[3] The church contains Renaissance and Baroque furnishings. There was a medieval tower castle, which was rebuilt into a Renaissance water castle in the 16th century, later rebuilt in Baroque style.
During World War II, in 1940, a forced labour subcamp of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp was established by Nazi Germany at a granite quarry north of the village, which in the following year was converted into the Gross-Rosen concentration camp.[4] Its prisoners were mostly Jews, Poles and Soviet citizens.[4] It is now a museum. There was also a forced labour subcamp of the Stalag VIII-A prisoner-of-war camp for Allied POWs in Kostrza.[5]
Economy
[edit]Kostrza, along with the nearby town of Strzegom and several other villages, is an important center for granite mining and stonemasonry in Poland, with several quarries in Kostrza itself.[6]
Sports
[edit]There is a local association football club Sokół Kostrza, which plays in the lower divisions.[7]
References
[edit]
- ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) – TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
- ^ Atlas historyczny miast polskich. Tom IV: Śląsk. Zeszyt 6: Strzegom (in Polish and English). Wrocław: Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2015. pp. 5, 36. ISBN 978-83-63760-57-1.
- ^ a b Atlas historyczny miast polskich. Tom IV: Śląsk. Zeszyt 6: Strzegom. pp. 11, 42.
- ^ a b "History of KL Gross-Rosen". Retrieved 6 November 2024.
- ^ "Jenieckie komanda robocze Stalagu VIII A Görlitz na terenie powiatu świdnickiego w latach 1940-1945" (in Polish). Retrieved 6 November 2024.
- ^ Andrzej Korzekwa. "Współczesność wydobycia granitu". Strzegom.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 November 2024.
- ^ "Skarb - Sokół Kostrza". 90minut.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 November 2024.
