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Konstance Knox

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Konstance K. Knox
Born (1955-10-14) October 14, 1955 (age 69)
Wisconsin, US
Alma materMarquette (BS; Medical Laboratory Sciences 1977), Cardinal Stritch (MA; Business Management 1990), Medical College of Wisconsin(PhD; Experimental Pathology 1994), St. Luke's Medical Center Milwaukee(Post Doctoral Fellowship)
Known forCo-founder Viracor.,[1][2][3] Early work on multiple sclerosis.[2]
Scientific career
FieldsVirology, Laboratory Economics, Biotechnology Entrepreneur

Konstance K. Knox (born October 14, 1955) is an American virologist and entrepreneur who founded Coppe Laboratories,[4] Viracor,[1][2][3] the Wisconsin Viral Research Group (WVRG)[5][6] and Viracor's Institute for Viral Pathogenesis (IVP).[2][7] In 2000, Viracor became the first biotechnology company in the United States to correlate multiple sclerosis with human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6).[2][8]

Contributions to HHV-6 Understanding

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Knox was first to identify human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) as a cause of acute and subacute encephalitis in immunocompromised individuals.[9][10][11][12]

Knox was first to identify human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) as a cause of pneumonitis in immunocompromised individuals.[13][14]

Knox was first to identify human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) as a serious pathogen in immunocompromised individuals causing or contributing to immune suppression and immune dysregulation.[15][16][17][18]

Biography

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Born and raised in Wisconsin, Knox received her bachelor's degree in medical laboratory sciences from Marquette University and was board certified by the American Society for Clinical Pathology in 1977. After receiving a master's degree in business management in 1990, Knox entered the Medical College of Wisconsin's graduate pathology program as a doctoral student in 1992, where she investigated the pathogenetic interactions between HIV and HHV-6 as her doctoral dissertation research project under Donald Carrigan with whom she collaborated on various publications during the period.[19][20] She received her PhD in 1994.[21]

Founding Viracor

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In 1996 Knox and Carrigan founded the Wisconsin Viral Research Group (WVRG), located in the Milwaukee County Research Park. In 2000 they incorporated Viracor as a spinoff of WVRG and hired Phillip Short as the founding CEO to manage business aspect of Viracor in exchange of a minority stake, according to Milwaukee County records.[2][3] Viracor grew revenues to more than $25 million per year by 2008 with more than 100 employees.[22] In summer of 2009 Viracor was acquired by IBT Labs for US$44 Million in cash and a further unspecified amount of stock.[23] By 2014, Viracor-IBT Laboratories was valued at US$255 Million, when it was acquired by Eurofins Scientific Group.[24] As Viracor expanded Knox focused on WVRG and expanded research outside United States. Through WVRG, Knox collaborates with various research and philanthropic organizations to offer free research grants and develop research institutes.[25][26][27][28][29] Knox also runs the not-for-profit Institute for Viral Pathogenesis (IVP), which has successfully obtained research grants from major funding organizations for virological studies in patients with multiple sclerosis and chronic fatigue syndrome.[30]

Recognition

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Knox was named fifth of the 50 most innovative AIDS researchers in the United States in 1996 by POZ magazine in its "Survey of the American Scientific Landscape". In their recognition, survey authors Bob Lederer and Patrick Pacheco said Knox calls HHV-6 variant A "a big, dumb brute destroyer of tissue," which she and Carrigan had in their crosshairs.[31] The National CFIDS Foundation (NCF) awarded its largest research grant to Knox, for “The Potential Role of New Infectious Agents in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome”. NCF medical director Alan Cocchetto said that Knox and her partner had assisted the NCF with previous projects that included research into the roles of HHV-6A/B and HTLV-II in CFS/ME.[32] Knox's work on the role of human herpesvirus six (HHV-6) in chronic diseases also led her to be named the 1995 Distinguished Alumna of the Program in Medical Laboratory Sciences at Marquette University. Her work was named as the Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation in 1995 by the Medical College of Wisconsin. Knox has served as a special reviewer for the National Prion Research Program of the National Institutes of Health and has served as a peer reviewer for several journals and funding agencies. She is a member of the American Society for Microbiology, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), and the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology. She has served on the scientific advisory board of the International Association for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and also serves as a member of the scientific advisory board of the Wisconsin ME/CSF Foundation.[21][33][34][35][36]

References

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  1. ^ a b Robert Huntington. "A giant leap for ME research!". National CFIDS Foundation.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Joe Manning (November 10, 2000). "Wauwatosa lab links virus to MS - Small study finds signs of herpes in lesions". Journal-Sentinel. Milwaukee. Archived from the original on 2001-03-06. First to correlate HHV-6 to MS.
  3. ^ a b c "List of graduates and past tenants" (PDF). Milwaukee County Research Park. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-07-24.
  4. ^ "About Coppe Laboratories". Coppe Laboratories. Retrieved 2023-12-28.
  5. ^ Julie Steenhuysen (May 31, 2011). "Mouse virus doesn't cause chronic fatigue: reports". Reuters.
  6. ^ "Murine viruses not linked to human infection". MD News. June 1, 2011. Archived from the original on April 24, 2012.
  7. ^ "Mult sclerosis".
  8. ^ Knox KK; Brewer JH; Henry, James M.; Harrington, Daniel J.; Carrigan, Donald R. (2000). "Human herpesvirus 6 and multiple sclerosis: systemic active infections in patients with early disease". Clin Infect Dis. 31 (4): 894–903. doi:10.1086/318141. PMID 11049767.
  9. ^ Carrigan, Donald R.; Harrington, Daniel; Knox, Konstance K. (July 1996). "Subacute leukoencephalitis caused by CNS infection with human herpesvirus-6 manifesting as acute multiple sclerosis". Neurology. 47 (1): 145–148. doi:10.1212/WNL.47.1.145. ISSN 0028-3878. PMID 8710068. S2CID 40953285.
  10. ^ Knox, K. K.; Carrigan, D. R. (1995-05-01). "Active human herpesvirus (HHV-6) infection of the central nervous system in patients with AIDS". Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology. 9 (1): 69–73. ISSN 1077-9450. PMID 7712236.
  11. ^ Drobyski, William R.; Knox, Konstance K.; Majewski, David; Carrigan, Donald R. (1994-05-12). "Fatal Encephalitis Due to Variant B Human Herpesvirus-6 Infection in a Bone Marrow-Transplant Recipient". New England Journal of Medicine. 330 (19): 1356–1360. doi:10.1056/NEJM199405123301905. ISSN 0028-4793. PMID 8152447.
  12. ^ Knox, Konstance K.; Harrington, Daniel P.; Carrigan, Donald R. (March 1995). "Fulminant human herpesvirus six encephalitis in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected infant". Journal of Medical Virology. 45 (3): 288–292. doi:10.1002/jmv.1890450309. ISSN 0146-6615. PMID 7775950. S2CID 7418822.
  13. ^ Knox, K. K.; Carrigan, D. R. (1994-06-25). "HHV-6 and CMV pneumonitis in immunocompromised patients". Lancet. 343 (8913): 1647. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(94)93105-4. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 7911957. S2CID 37166318.
  14. ^ Knox, Konstance (February 1, 1995). "Progressive Immunodeficiency and Fatal Pneumonitis Associated with Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection in an Infant". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 20 (2): 406–413. doi:10.1093/clinids/20.2.406. PMID 7742449. Retrieved 2023-12-28.
  15. ^ Knox, Konstance (May 1, 1992). "In Vitro Suppression of Bone Marrow Progenitor Cell Differentiation by Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 165 (5): 925–929. doi:10.1093/infdis/165.5.925. PMID 1314872. Retrieved 2023-12-28.
  16. ^ Knox, Konstance (January 1, 1996). "Chronic Myelosuppression Associated with Persistent Bone Marrow Infection Due to Human Herpesvirus 6 in a Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 22 (1): 174–175. doi:10.1093/clinids/22.1.174. PMID 8824992. Retrieved 2023-12-28.
  17. ^ Knox, K (March 5, 1994). "Disseminated active HHV-6 infections in patients with AIDS". The Lancet. 343 (8897): 577–578. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91524-5. PMID 7906332. S2CID 29042116.
  18. ^ Carrigan, D. R.; Knox, K. K. (1994-11-15). "Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) isolation from bone marrow: HHV-6-associated bone marrow suppression in bone marrow transplant patients". Blood. 84 (10): 3307–3310. doi:10.1182/blood.V84.10.3307.3307. ISSN 0006-4971. PMID 7949085.
  19. ^ Knox, K.K.; Carrigan, D.R. (March 5, 1994). "Disseminated active HHV-6 infections in patients with AIDS". The Lancet. 343 (8897): 577–578. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91524-5. PMID 7906332. S2CID 29042116.
  20. ^ Burd, E. M.; Knox, K. K.; Carrigan, D. R. (1993). "Human herpesvirus-6-associated suppression of growth factor-induced macrophage maturation in human bone marrow cultures" (PDF). Blood. 81 (6): 1645–1650. doi:10.1182/blood.V81.6.1645.1645. PMID 8384028.
  21. ^ a b "Konstance K. Knox Background". Chubbybrain. Retrieved 2011-01-30.
  22. ^ "Viracor IBT Merger" (PDF). Laboratory Economics. July 2009. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
  23. ^ Steve Vockrodt (May 2, 2010). "Jury awards ex-ViraCor Laboratories president $7.3M". Kansas City Business Journal.
  24. ^ "Eurofins signs agreement to acquire ViraCor-IBT Laboratories, Inc". Eurofins Scientific Group. May 9, 2014. Retrieved 2018-03-12.
  25. ^ Jason Bardi (May 31, 2011). "Mouse virus erroneously linked to chronic fatigue syndrome". University of California at San Francisco. Retrieved 2011-11-30.
  26. ^ "Advisors". Physiogenix. Retrieved 2011-11-30.
  27. ^ "News and views" (PDF). Lifeline. Wisconsin ME/CSF Foundation.
  28. ^ "Murine viruses not linked to human infection". Doctors Lounge. June 1, 2011.
  29. ^ Knox, K; Carrigan, D; Simmons, G; Teque, F; Zhou, Y; Hackett, J; Qiu, X; Luk, KC; et al. (Jul 2011). "No evidence of murine-like gammaretroviruses in CFS patients previously identified as XMRV-infected". Science. 333 (6038): 94–7. Bibcode:2011Sci...333...94K. doi:10.1126/science.1204963. PMID 21628393. S2CID 27655741.
  30. ^ Knox, KK; Brewer, JH; Henry, JM; Harrington, DJ; Carrigan, DR (Oct 2000). "Human herpesvirus 6 and multiple sclerosis: systemic active infections in patients with early disease" (PDF). Clin Infect Dis. 31 (4): 894–903. doi:10.1086/318141. PMID 11049767.
  31. ^ Lederer, Bob; Pacheco, Patrick (August–September 1996). "The POZ 50 Most Innovative AIDS Researchers". POZ magazine. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  32. ^ "NCF Announces its Latest Research Grant Recipients". National CFIDS Foundation. 2006. Retrieved 1 December 2011. (primary source)
  33. ^ "Fiscal Year 2002 National Prion Research Program Funded Awards" (PDF). US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command. Peer Reviewers. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-07. Retrieved 2011-11-30.
  34. ^ Russler, SK; Tapper, MA; Knox, KK; Liepins, A; Carrigan, DR (Jun 1991). "Pneumonitis associated with coinfection by human herpesvirus 6 and Legionella in an immunocompetent adult". Am J Pathol. 138 (6): 1405–11. PMC 1886405. PMID 1647138.
  35. ^ "Herpes link could solve AIDS riddle". CNN. August 12, 1996. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  36. ^ Carrigan, DR; Harrington, D; Knox, KK (1 December 2011). "Subacute leukoencephalitis caused by CNS infection with human herpesvirus-6 manifesting as acute multiple sclerosis". Neurology. 47 (1): 145–148. doi:10.1212/wnl.47.1.145. PMID 8710068. S2CID 40953285.
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  1. Coppe Laboratories (official site)
  2. Wisconsin Viral Research Group (official site)
  3. Viracor-IBT (official site)
  4. The Institute for Viral Pathogenesis (official site)
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