Kannappa
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Kannappa, is a legendary figure in both Telugu folklore renowned for his unwavering devotion to the Hindu god Shiva. His legend is closely associated with the Srikalahasteeswara Temple in Andhra Pradesh, India. According to folklore, Kannappa, a hunter, plucked out his eye as an offering to a Shiva Lingam. Before he could sacrifice his other eye, Shiva appeared.[1][2] [3]
Kannapa was born in a hunter's family, specifically from the Boya tribe, known for their hunting skills.
Early background
[edit]Kannappa was born as Thinnayya His birthplace is often associated with Uduppuram near Sri Kalahasti. His story is one of intense devotion, particularly noted for his sacrifice of offering his eyes to Lord Shiva at the Srikalahasti Temple.
Legend
[edit] |
When Arjuna was meditating to Shiva for Pashupatastra, to test him, Shiva entered that forest as a hunter. Due to two arrows from Shiva and Arjuna killing a demon named Mooka, a war started between Shiva and Arjuna, and finally impressed by Arjuna's efforts, Shiva gave him the Pashupatastra. According to a folklore, Shiva also blessed him to be born as his greatest devotee in his next birth. So, he was born in the Kali Yuga as Kannappa and finally attained moksha.
Kannappa was born as Thinnayya and was a staunch devotee of the Vayu Linga of the Srikalahasteeshwara Temple which he found in the forest while hunting. Being born into a low-caste hunting tribe, he did not know how to properly worship Shiva.[4] It is said that he poured water from his mouth[5] on the lingam which he brought from the nearby river Swarnamukhi. He also offered Shiva whatever animal he hunted, including swine flesh. Offering non-vegetarian food to deities is traditionally considered a sin in Hindu rituals. But Shiva accepted his offerings since he was pure at heart and his devotion was true.[6] The priests which used to conduct daily worship for the lingam saw the non-vegetarian offerings everytime they came from their lunch break. They used to throw the offerings, purify themselves, clean the lingam and offer vegetarian food to it. Once, Shiva tested the unshakable devotion of him. With his divine power, he created a tremor and the roof-tops of the temple began to fall. All the priests ran away from the scene except for Kannappa who covered the linga with his body to prevent it from any damage. Hence he was nicknamed thereafter as Dheera (the valiant one).[7]
Dheera noticed that one of the eyes of the lingam was oozing blood and tears. Sensing that Shiva's eye had been injured, he proceeded to pluck his one eye out with one of his arrows and placed it in the spot of the bleeding eye of the Siva linga. This stopped the bleeding in that eye of the lingam. But to complicate matters further, he noticed that the other eye of the linga had also started oozing blood. So Dheera thought that if he were to pluck his other eye too, he would become blind to exactly know the spot where he has to place his own second eye over the bleeding second eye of the lingam. So he placed his right toe on the lingam to mark the spot of the bleeding second eye and proceeded to pluck out his other and only eye. Moved by his extreme devotion, Shiva appeared before him, stopped him from plucking his only eye and restored both his eyes. He is referred to as Kannappa or Bhakta Kannappa (the man of the eyes). Kannappa merged into the lingam and attained liberation at last.
In popular culture
[edit]Kannappa has been featured as the major character in several Indian films. In 1954, Telugu film Kalahasti Mahatyam & In the Kannada film Bedara Kannappa and In the following year, a Hindi film, Shiv Bhakta (1955), featuring Shahu Modak as Kannappa, was released. A second film in Telugu was made in 1976 as Bhakta Kannappa starring Krishnam Raju in the title role, and in Kannada again in 1988 as Shiva Mecchida Kannappa with Shiva Rajkumar as adult Kannappa and Puneeth Rajkumar as young Kannappa. In the upcoming 2024 film Kannappa, Vishnu Manchu appears as the title character.[8]
Films on Kannappa
[edit]| Year | Film | Language | Lead role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1938 | Kannappa Nayanar | Tamil | VN Sundaram | [9] |
| 1954 | Bedara Kannappa | Kannada | Rajkumar | |
| Kalahasti Mahatyam | Telugu | |||
| Vedan Kannappa | Tamil | Dubbed version of Bedara Kannappa with an additional song | ||
| 1955 | Shiv Bhakta | Hindi | Shahu Modak | |
| 1976 | Bhakta Kannappa | Telugu | Krishnam Raju | |
| 1988 | Shiva Mecchida Kannappa | Kannada | Shiva Rajkumar, Puneeth Rajkumar (younger version) | |
| 2024 | Kannappa | Telugu | Vishnu Manchu |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
- ^ Michell, George (2013). Southern India: A Guide to Monuments Sites & Museums. Roli Books Private Limited. ISBN 978-81-7436-903-1.
- ^ E, Desingu Setty (1990). The Veduvar of South India: Society and religion. Inter-India Publications. ISBN 81-2100-237-0.
- ^ Dehejia, Vidya. Slaves of the Lord: The Path of the Tamil Saints. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1988. ISBN: 9788121503071.
- ^ Peterson, Indira V. Design and Rhetoric in a Sanskrit Court Epic: The Kiratarjuniya of Bharavi. State University of New York Press, 2003. ISBN: 978-0791457386.
- ^ Zvelebil, Kamil. Companion Studies to the History of Tamil Literature. BRILL, 1992. ISBN: 978-9004093652.
- ^ Nilakanta Sastri, The Colas, University of Madras, 1935.
- ^ Sekkizhar, Periya Puranam, Tamil Text Society, 12th century. ISBN: 978-8192880789.
- ^ Ramachandran, Naman (23 November 2023). "'Lord of the Rings' Vision Revealed by Vishnu Manchu for 'Kannappa,' Featuring Prabhas, Mohanlal and Shiva Rajkumar (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
- ^ FilmiClub. "Kannappa Nayanar (1938)". FilmiClub. Retrieved 21 March 2024.