Kōchi at-large district (House of Representatives)

The Kōchi at-large district (Japanese: 高知県全県区, Hepburn: Kōchi-ken Zenken-ku) was a multi-member electoral district represented in the House of Representatives in the National Diet of Japan. From 1947 until 1993, it elected five representatives from Kōchi Prefecture. Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida was elected from the district during its first seven elections of its existence.

History

In the 1947 Japanese general election, conservative parties won a majority of seats, with prime minister Shigeru Yoshida leading in the polls. Subsequently, they would continue winning majorities in the district, a trend that persisted after these parties merged to create the LDP until the 1967 Japanese general election.^[1] In the 1967 Japanese general election, the Kōmeitō ran in the district for the first time, winning in third-place.^[1] Afterwards, the party would win a seat from the district except in the 1972 Japanese general election, with Akira Nakano [ja], Masatarō Hiraishi [ja], and Noritoshi Ishida being the Kōmeitō's representatives for the district.^[1] Meanwhile, the LDP would win a majority of seats only twice: in 1969 and 1972.^[1] Due to the 1994 Japanese electoral reform, the at-large district was replaced with three single-member districts starting with the 1996 Japanese general election.^[2]

Among the district's representatives were Shigeru Yoshida, who was prime minister (1946–1947; 1948–1954) and was elected from the district during its first seven elections of its existence; Jōji Hayashi [ja], who was Chief Cabinet Secretary (1947) and deputy prime minister (1948–1951); Gen Nakatani, who was Director-General of the Japan Defense Agency (2001–2002) and Minister of Defense (2014–2016); and Yūji Yamamoto, who was Minister of State for Financial Services (2006–2007) and Minister of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (2016–2017).^[1]

At the time the Public Offices Election Law [ja] came into law in 1950, the district encompassed the entirely of Kōchi Prefecture.^[3]

Results

1947^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Liberal	Shigeru Yoshida	98,176	29.4	*New*
Liberal	Jōji Hayashi [ja]	49,926	14.9	*New*
Independent	Shigeharu Kuroiwa [ja]	40,172	12.0	*New*
Socialist	Haruki Satake [ja]	38,332	11.5	*New*
Democratic	Nagahiro Nagano [ja]	28,732	8.6	*New*
Other	Tsuneko Harakami	26,729	8.0	New
Socialist	Ichirō Ujihara [ja]	25,903	7.8	New
Democratic	Tosatarō Nagano	17,323	5.2	New
JCP	Kumaharu Kunisawa	8,721	2.6	New

1949^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Democratic Liberal	Shigeru Yoshida	81,289	22.9	*New*
Democratic Liberal	Jōji Hayashi [ja]	49,424	13.9	*New*
Democratic	Nagahiro Nagano [ja]	33,787	9.5	+0.9
Democratic	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	33,056	9.3	+4.1
Japan Social Reform Party	Haruki Satake [ja]	22,854	6.4	*New*
Independent	Takao Hamada [ja]	22,833	6.4	New
JCP	Masamitsu Okamoto	21,578	6.1	+3.5
Socialist	Ichirō Ujihara [ja]	20,680	5.8	−5.7
Independent	Mitsui Hamada	19,205	5.4	New
Independent	Shigeki Nishiyama	14,417	4.1	New
Japan Farmers Party (1947–1949)	Gonjirō Haragami	13,463	3.8	New
Labourers and Farmers	Tadashi Nishihara	12,766	3.6	New
Pure Japanese Youth Association	Masaru Kuroiwa	10,252	2.9	New

1952^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Liberal	Shigeru Yoshida	87,169	22.7	*New*
Liberal	Jōji Hayashi [ja]	65,371	17.0	*New*
Kaishintō	Kōichi Uda [ja]	46,286	12.0	*New*
Liberal	Takao Hamada [ja]	41,169	10.7	*New*
Liberal	Nagahiro Nagano [ja]	35,983	9.4	*New*
Japan Reconstruction Federation	Yoshiaki Yorimitsu [ja]	24,899	6.5	New
Japan Cooperative Party (1952)	Haruki Satake [ja]	22,392	5.8	New
Left Socialist	Yoshiyasu Irimajiri	22,027	5.7	New
Independent	Kenjirō Yamahara [ja]	18,276	4.8	New
Independent	Hisaki Nishimori	11,378	3.0	New
Other	Masaru Ōishi [ja]	9,592	2.5	New

1953^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Liberal	Shigeru Yoshida	88,620	24.0	+1.3
Liberal	Jōji Hayashi [ja]	63,916	17.3	+0.3
Right Socialist	Haruki Satake [ja]	61,022	16.5	*New*
Liberal	Nagahiro Nagano [ja]	54,022	14.6	+3.9
Liberal	Takao Hamada [ja]	50,469	13.6	+4.2
Kaishintō	Kōichi Uda [ja]	39,029	10.5	−1.5
JCP	Masaki Morita	8,573	2.3	New
Other	Keizo Konagai	4,322	1.2	New

1955^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Liberal	Shigeru Yoshida	52,962	14.1	−9.9
Democratic	Kōichi Uda [ja]	50,408	13.4	*New*
Right Socialist	Haruki Satake [ja]	46,486	12.3	−4.2
Left Socialist	Sei Morimoto [ja]	42,234	11.2	*New*
Liberal	Jōji Hayashi [ja]	38,897	10.3	−7.0
Kochi Prefectural Bereaved Families Association Federation	Naoyoshi Ueda	36,245	9.6	New
Liberal	Takao Hamada [ja]	35,823	9.5	−5.1
Liberal	Nagahiro Nagano [ja]	32,766	8.7	−4.9
Independent	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	22,486	6.0	New
Democratic	Yoshiaki Yorimitsu [ja]	16,739	4.4	New
Independent	Gonjirō Haragami	1,500	0.4	New

1958^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
LDP	Jōji Hayashi [ja]	70,728	16.5	*New*
LDP	Takao Hamada [ja]	53,821.97	12.6	*New*
Socialist	Sei Morimoto [ja]	53,725	12.5	*New*
LDP	Shigeru Yoshida	52,286	12.2	*New*
LDP	Masanobu Hamada [ja]	46,129.43	10.8	*New*
Socialist	Takeyuki Takahashi	45,417	10.6	New
Independent	Yoshiaki Yorimitsu [ja]	35,961	8.4	New
Socialist	Haruki Satake [ja]	34,662	8.1	New
Independent	Wakaji Kawamura [ja]	17,040	4.0	New
Independent	Nagahiro Nagano [ja]	13,923	3.3	New
JCP	Masaki Morita	4,486	1.0	New

1960^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
LDP	Tadao Kariya [ja]	69,604	16.9	+0.4
LDP	Shigeru Yoshida	68,506	16.6	+4.0
LDP	Masanobu Hamada [ja]	63,605.18	15.4	+3.2
LDP	Takao Hamada [ja]	57,995.25	14.1	+3.3
Socialist	Sei Morimoto [ja]	57,891	14.0	+1.5
Democratic Socialist	Haruki Satake [ja]	49,620	12.0	New
Socialist	Hideo Kunizawa	35,366	8.6	−2.0
JCP	Masaki Morita	9,572	2.3	+1.3

1963^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
LDP	Tadao Kariya [ja]	64,873	16.1	−0.8
LDP	Takao Hamada [ja]	63,205	15.7	−0.9
Socialist	Sei Morimoto [ja]	63,125	15.7	+1.7
LDP	Ryōhei Tamura [ja]	60,458	15.0	−0.4
LDP	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	56,664	14.1	0.0
Socialist	Hideo Kunizawa	40,764	10.1	+1.5
JCP	Masamune Miyamoto	38,482	9.6	+7.3
Democratic Socialist	Bisui Miyagawa	15,133	3.8	New

1967^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
LDP	Tadao Kariya [ja]	62,493	14.2	−1.9
Socialist	Izumi Inoue [ja]	61,190	13.9	−1.8
Kōmeitō	Akira Nakano [ja]	59,039	13.4	*New*
Socialist	Sei Morimoto [ja]	57,544	13.0	+2.9
LDP	Ryōhei Tamura [ja]	54,871	12.4	−3.3
LDP	Takao Hamada [ja]	54,283	12.3	−2.7
LDP	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	53,553	12.1	−2.0
JCP	Masamune Miyamoto	38,465	8.7	−0.9

1969^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Kōmeitō	Akira Nakano [ja]	62,494	13.8	+0.4
LDP	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	61,629	13.6	−0.6
LDP	Tadao Kariya [ja]	61,075	13.5	+1.1
LDP	Ryōhei Tamura [ja]	57,498	12.7	+0.4
JCP	Kenjirō Yamahara [ja]	56,131	12.4	+3.7
LDP	Takao Hamada [ja]	52,913	11.7	−0.4
Socialist	Izumi Inoue [ja]	47,290	10.5	−3.4
Socialist	Sei Morimoto [ja]	44,805	9.9	−3.1
Democratic Socialist	Yoshio Yamazaki	8,259	1.8	New

1972^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
JCP	Kenjirō Yamahara [ja]	87,257	18.7	+6.3
Socialist	Izumi Inoue [ja]	83,585	17.9	+7.4
LDP	Ryōhei Tamura [ja]	80,990	17.3	+3.7
LDP	Tadao Kariya [ja]	76,938	16.5	+3.0
LDP	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	70,999	15.2	+2.5
Kōmeitō	Akira Nakano [ja]	66,508.39	14.2	+0.4
Independent	Asahi Taniwaki	609.59	0.1	New

1976^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Kōmeitō	Masatarō Hiraishi [ja]	91,507	19.6	+5.4
LDP	Kanzō Tanigawa [ja]	77,288	16.5	−0.8
JCP	Kenjirō Yamahara [ja]	72,515	15.5	−3.2
LDP	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	69,477	14.9	−1.6
Socialist	Izumi Inoue [ja]	68,058	14.6	−3.3
LDP	Ryōhei Tamura [ja]	62,890	13.4	−1.8
New Liberal Club	Hideo Tsukuda	25,968	5.6	New

1979^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Socialist	Izumi Inoue [ja]	83,753	18.4	+3.8
Kōmeitō	Masatarō Hiraishi [ja]	74,734	16.4	−3.2
LDP	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	72,985	16.1	−0.4
LDP	Ryōhei Tamura [ja]	72,698	16.0	+1.1
JCP	Kenjirō Yamahara [ja]	71,292	15.7	+0.2
LDP	Kanzō Tanigawa [ja]	66,045	14.5	+1.1
New Liberal Club	Hideo Tsukuda	13,216	2.9	−2.7

1980^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
LDP	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	126,599	29.6	+13.5
LDP	Ryōhei Tamura [ja]	82,185	19.2	+3.2
Socialist	Izumi Inoue [ja]	68,883	16.1	−2.3
JCP	Kenjirō Yamahara [ja]	66,784	15.6	−0.1
Kōmeitō	Masatarō Hiraishi [ja]	62,399	14.6	−1.8
Independent	Hideo Tsukuda	20,460	4.8	New

1983^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Kōmeitō	Masatarō Hiraishi [ja]	81,463	18.3	+3.7
JCP	Kenjirō Yamahara [ja]	72,310	16.3	+0.7
Socialist	Izumi Inoue [ja]	69,060	15.5	−0.6
LDP	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	65,901	14.8	−14.8
LDP	Kenzō Yamaoka [ja]	61,372	13.8	−5.4
LDP	Ryōhei Tamura [ja]	59,137	13.3	New
LDP	Shōichi Ban [ja]	25,157	5.7	New
Independent	Hideo Tsukuda	10,330	2.3	−2.5

1986^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
LDP	Ryōhei Tamura [ja]	79,537	18.3	+3.3
Kōmeitō	Masatarō Hiraishi [ja]	77,342	17.8	−0.5
JCP	Kenjirō Yamahara [ja]	71,008	16.3	0.0
Socialist	Izumi Inoue [ja]	70,872	16.3	+0.8
LDP	Masao Ōnishi [ja]	69,808	16.1	+2.8
LDP	Kenzō Yamaoka [ja]	66,135	15.2	+1.9

1990^[1]
	Candidate	Votes	%	±%
Socialist	Masanori Gotō [ja]	79,314	16.4	+0.1
LDP	Gen Nakatani	66,573	13.7	−4.6
LDP	Yūji Yamamoto	64,499	13.3	−2.8
Kōmeitō	Noritoshi Ishida	56,581	11.7	−6.1
JCP	Kenjirō Yamahara [ja]	56,088	11.6	−4.7
LDP	Kenzō Yamaoka [ja]	51,551	10.6	−4.6
Independent	Shigeya Kurio	38,856	8.0	New
Independent	Yū Hayashi [ja]	35,352	7.3	New
Independent	Kōhei Tamura [ja]	19,947	4.1	New
Independent	Naotake Tokoroya	8,266	1.7	New
Independent	Shōichi Ban [ja]	7,748	1.6	New

1993^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP	Gen Nakatani	75,771	17.1	+3.4
	JCP	Kenjirō Yamahara [ja]	63,173	14.3	+2.7
	Kōmeitō	Noritoshi Ishida	61,683	13.9	+2.2
	Socialist	Masanori Gotō [ja]	59,940	13.5	−2.9
	LDP	Yūji Yamamoto	57,660	13.0	−0.3
	LDP	Kōhei Tamura [ja]	49,701	11.2	+0.6
	New Party	Jun'ya Nagakuni	35,423	8.0	New
	LDP	Hidehiko Nakauchi	25,498	5.8	New
	Independent	Takeshi Chikamori	13,719	3.1	New
Turnout			640,564	69.78

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w
- 1947: "高知選挙区 - 第23回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1947年04月25日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1949: "高知選挙区 - 第24回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1949年01月23日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1952: "高知選挙区 - 第25回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1952年10月01日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1953: "高知選挙区 - 第26回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1953年04月19日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1955: "高知選挙区 - 第27回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1955年02月27日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1958: "高知選挙区 - 第28回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1958年05月22日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1960: "高知選挙区 - 第29回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1960年11月20日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1963: "高知選挙区 - 第30回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1963年11月21日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1967: "高知選挙区 - 第31回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1967年01月29日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1969: "高知選挙区 - 第32回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1969年12月27日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1972: "高知選挙区 - 第33回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1972年12月10日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1976: "高知選挙区 - 第34回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1976年12月05日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1979: "高知選挙区 - 第35回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1979年10月07日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1980: "高知選挙区 - 第36回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1980年06月22日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1983: "高知選挙区 - 第37回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1983年12月18日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1986: "高知選挙区 - 第38回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1986年07月06日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1990: "高知選挙区 - 第39回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1990年02月18日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- 1993: "高知選挙区 - 第40回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1993年07月18日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.
^ 別表第一 (104) (in Japanese). House of Representatives. 25 November 1994. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
^ 別表第一 (100) (in Japanese). House of Representatives. 15 April 1950. Retrieved 25 November 2023.

[go2senkyo-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w
1947: "高知選挙区 - 第23回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1947年04月25日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1949: "高知選挙区 - 第24回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1949年01月23日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1952: "高知選挙区 - 第25回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1952年10月01日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1953: "高知選挙区 - 第26回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1953年04月19日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1955: "高知選挙区 - 第27回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1955年02月27日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1958: "高知選挙区 - 第28回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1958年05月22日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1960: "高知選挙区 - 第29回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1960年11月20日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1963: "高知選挙区 - 第30回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1963年11月21日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1967: "高知選挙区 - 第31回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1967年01月29日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1969: "高知選挙区 - 第32回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1969年12月27日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1972: "高知選挙区 - 第33回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1972年12月10日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1976: "高知選挙区 - 第34回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1976年12月05日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1979: "高知選挙区 - 第35回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1979年10月07日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1980: "高知選挙区 - 第36回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1980年06月22日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1983: "高知選挙区 - 第37回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1983年12月18日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1986: "高知選挙区 - 第38回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1986年07月06日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1990: "高知選挙区 - 第39回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1990年02月18日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

1993: "高知選挙区 - 第40回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1993年07月18日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[2] 1947: "高知選挙区 - 第23回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1947年04月25日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[3] 1949: "高知選挙区 - 第24回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1949年01月23日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[4] 1952: "高知選挙区 - 第25回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1952年10月01日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[5] 1953: "高知選挙区 - 第26回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1953年04月19日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[6] 1955: "高知選挙区 - 第27回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1955年02月27日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[7] 1958: "高知選挙区 - 第28回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1958年05月22日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[8] 1960: "高知選挙区 - 第29回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1960年11月20日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[9] 1963: "高知選挙区 - 第30回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1963年11月21日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[10] 1967: "高知選挙区 - 第31回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1967年01月29日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[11] 1969: "高知選挙区 - 第32回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1969年12月27日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[12] 1972: "高知選挙区 - 第33回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1972年12月10日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[13] 1976: "高知選挙区 - 第34回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1976年12月05日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[14] 1979: "高知選挙区 - 第35回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1979年10月07日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[15] 1980: "高知選挙区 - 第36回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1980年06月22日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[16] 1983: "高知選挙区 - 第37回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1983年12月18日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[17] 1986: "高知選挙区 - 第38回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1986年07月06日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[18] 1990: "高知選挙区 - 第39回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1990年02月18日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[19] 1993: "高知選挙区 - 第40回衆議院議員選挙（衆議院議員総選挙）1993年07月18日投票". go2senkyo (in Japanese). Retrieved 26 November 2023.

[2] 別表第一 (104) (in Japanese). House of Representatives. 25 November 1994. Retrieved 25 November 2023.

[3] 別表第一 (100) (in Japanese). House of Representatives. 15 April 1950. Retrieved 25 November 2023.

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