Jules Désiré Colombe
Jules Désiré Colombe | |
|---|---|
 Portrait on his tombstone | |
| Born | 16 May 1859 Bléville (Le Havre), France |
| Died | 12 December 1902 (aged 43) Nantes, France |
| Nationality | french |
| Political party | French Workers' Party |
Jules Désiré Colombe was a french blacksmith worker, known as leader of the labour exchange's creation in Nantes in 1892 and part of Limoges congress in 1895. A street and a cultural building hold his name in Nantes.
Biography
[edit]Early life
[edit]Jules Désiré Colombe was born in Bléville that is today part of Le Havre city, on 16th may 1859.
He established later in Nantes, as a blacksmith worker. [1]
Member of Nantes municipal council
[edit]He sat on the Nantes Municipal Council from 1888 to 1892. First a member of the French Workers' Party and close to Charles Brunelière, one of the founders of Nantes socialism, he is known to be a unity supporter. [1]
Leader in the creation of the labour exchange (Bourse du travail) in Nantes
[edit]He played a key role in the founding of the Nantes Bourse du Travail, for which he was the secretariat from its creation in 1892. [1] This happens in historical context of federation of labour exchanges creation. [2] On his proposal, three places were reserved for women on the General Council (Conseil général) in charge to vote the final bureau, and one place on the Executive Commission (Commission exécutive).[1]
Secretary of national congress of French trade unions in 1894
[edit]In September 1894, a national congress standed at Nantes : it was attended by 21 Bourses (776 trade unions), 30 federations (682 trade unions), and 204 trade unions which sent their own delegates. [3] He was part of the opposants to the political and union line of his party by voting for the organization of a general strike.[4]
Member of Limoges Congress which created General Confederation of Labour
[edit]The following year, in Limoges, a congress held after the union of workers' organizations achieved in Nantes. He was one of its national secretaries. [1] Others former members of French Workers' Party[5] were also present in Limoges, for instance : Édouard Treich, secretary of the Federation of Workers' Unions of Limoges (Fédération des syndicats ouvriers de Limoges), Jean-Baptiste Calvignac, miners in Carmaux mining company.[6] The General Confederation of Labour (CGT) was founded in 1895, at the Congress of Limoges. [3]
Later life
[edit]In 1895, he left the Secretariat of the Nantes Bourse du travail and set up a small blacksmith's workshop with two partners.[1]
Death and legacy
[edit]He died in December 1902 at the age of 42. [1]
He is buried in the Cemetery Miséricorde in Nantes.
His name was given to the street in which the second premises of the Nantes Bourse du travail were located. [1]
Footnotes
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h Lehébel 2012.
- ^ "Federation of Labour Exchanges - French trade union" [Fédération des Bourses du Travail]. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
- ^ a b Netlau, Max (1932). "Fernand Pelloutier and syndicalism - Max Nettlau". Translated from the Spanish edition of Fernand Pelloutier's History of the Bourses du Travail (Historia de las Bolsas del Trabajo, Zero-Zyx, Madrid, 1978).
- ^ cf Fédération nationale des syndicats [Le congrès de Nantes (1894): évènement précipitant la chute de la Fédération]
- ^ Also named ''guedists'' in reference to the founder Jules Guesde
- ^ Beauvisage, Jérôme (November 2018). "Le congrès de Limoges et l'unité ouvrière" [The Limoges Congress and workers' Unity] (PDF). Les cahiers de l'institut CGT d'histoire sociale (folder) (in French): 8.
See also
[edit]Internal links
[edit]- Labour exchange
- Labour Exchanges Act 1909
- Labour council
- Labour movement
- Anarchism in France
- Fédération des Bourses du travail
- Fernand Pelloutier considered as the leader of the Bourses du Travail, in which he advocated for anarcho-syndicalism.
Sources
[edit]- Lehébel, Jacques (2012). Les premières années de la Bourse du travail de Nantes 1887-1895 [The early years of the Nantes labour exchange 1887-1895] (pdf) (in French). Association méridienne. p. 22.
Further reading
[edit]- Guin, Yannick (1976). Le mouvement ouvrier nantais : essai sur le syndicalisme d'action directe à Nantes et à Saint-Nazaire [The Nantes workers' movement: essay on direct action unionism in Nantes and Saint-Nazaire]. Textes à l'appui. Histoire contemporaine (in French). Paris: F. Maspero.
- Guicheteau, Samuel; Noyer, Manuella; Patillon, Christophe (2023). Dockers, une histoire nantaise : travailler et lutter sur les quais, XVIe-XXe siècle [Dockers, a Nantes story: working and fighting on the docks, 16th-20th century] (in French). Nantes: Éditions du CHT. ISBN 978-2-912228-40-6.
- Congrès national des syndicats de France (1894). Compte rendu des travaux du congrès tenu à Nantes du 17 au 22 septembre 1894 : 6e congrès national des syndicats de France [Report of the proceedings of the congress held in Nantes from September 17 to 22, 1894: 6th national congress of French trade unions] (in French). Nantes: impr. G. Schwob et fils.