Joshua Wawanosh
Joshua Wawanosh | |
|---|---|
| Born | c. 1871 |
| Died | 1871 (aged 89–90) |
| Other names |
|
| Occupation | Indian Chief |
| Known for | negotiated the transfer of millions of acres of First Nations land to the British government |
Chief Joshua Wawanosh was a First Nations leader of Ojibwe descent, who lived near the southern shore of Lake Huron.[1] He was born near Lake Superior.[2] One source says he had to leave the Lake Superior area after he killed someone.[3]
Wawanosh was a leader during the War of 1812.[4]
Both his father and grandfather had been hereditary Chiefs, before him.[5] All four of his sons were Chiefs.
He served as Chief for three periods, 1827 - 1844, 1848 - 1853 and 1868 - 1870.[6] He remained monolingual in the Ojibwe language his entire life.
He transferred over 2,200,000 acres (8,900 km2) of First Nations land to the British government, in 1827.[1] His responsibility for the transfer has been the subject of criticism.[4][7]
References
[edit]- ^ a b
Jean Turnbull Elford. "Chief Wawanosh and the Treaty of 1827". Sarnia Historical Society. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
In July 1827, Chief Joshua Wawanosh and 17 lesser chiefs put their totems on a document that entitled His Majesty George IV to 2,200,000 acres of land. It included, besides the north Lambton portion, all of Perth and parts of Waterloo, Wellington, and Oxford Counties. The 440 Indians who lived on this land and their descendants were to receive 1,100 pounds annually and forever.
- ^ Lisa Philips Valentine; Allan K. McDougall. "Wawanosh's Box". University of Western Ontario. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
- ^ David D Plain (2018). A Brief History of the Saugeen Peninsula. Trafford Publishing. ISBN 9781490788692. Retrieved 2020-05-06.
- ^ a b
"The Cheppewas of Sarnia Band vs. Queen et. al" (PDF). Court of Appeal for Ontario. 2000-06-10. Retrieved 2020-05-06.
One of the chiefs for St. Clair Regional Band was Joshua Wawanosh. Wawanosh had a remarkable and checkered career as a leader of the St. Clair Chippewas. He became a chief shortly after the war of 1812 in part because of his military service on behalf of the Crown in the war of 1812. By the mid-1820s, Crown officials and other Chippewa chiefs recognized Wawanosh as the Head Chief.
- ^ Peter S. Schmalz (1991). The Ojibwa of Southern Ontario. University of Toronto Press. pp. 137, 138. ISBN 9780802067784. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
- ^ "Wawanosh, Sands, Mern Family fonds" (PDF). Retrieved 2020-05-05.
- ^ Toban Black; Stephen D'Arcy; Tony Weis; Joshua Kahn Russell, eds. (2014). "A Line in the Tar Sands: Struggles for Environmental Justice". PM Press. ISBN 9781629630458. Retrieved 2020-05-06.