Jump to content

Naval Strike Missile

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Joint strike missle)
Naval Strike Missile
TypeAnti-ship or land attack cruise missile
Place of originNorway
Service history
In service2012–present
Used by
Production history
ManufacturerKongsberg Defence & Aerospace
Unit cost$2,194,000 (FY 2021)
Specifications
Mass
  • 400 kg (880 lb) with booster
  • 350 kg (770 lb) without booster
Length
  • 3.96 m (13 ft) with booster
  • 3.48 m (11 ft 5 in) bare missile
Width
  • 700 mm (2 ft 4 in) stowed
  • 1.36 m (4 ft 6 in) wings deployed
WarheadTitanium-cased penetrating blast and controlled fragmentation
Warhead weight120 kg (260 lb)
EngineMicroturbo TRI-40 turbojet with solid rocket booster
Operational
range
  • >200 km (110 nmi; 120 mi) NSM
  • 250 km (130 nmi; 160 mi) NSM 1A
Flight altitudeSea skimming optional
Maximum speed
  • Mach 0.93 (316 m/s; 1,040 ft/s)
Guidance
system
GPS-aided INS (GAINS), laser altimeter, TERCOM, Imaging Infra-Red (IIR)
Launch
platform
Naval ships, land-based vehicles
ReferencesJanes[1]

The Naval Strike Missile (NSM) is an anti-ship and land-attack missile developed by the Norwegian company Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace (KDA).

The original Norwegian name was Nytt sjømålsmissil (literally "New sea target missile", indicating that it was the successor of the Penguin missile). The English marketing name Naval Strike Missile was adopted later. According to Kongsberg the NSM/JSM had been selected by Norway, Poland, Malaysia, Germany, the United States, Japan, Romania, Canada, Australia and Spain as of 2022.[2]

The Joint Strike Missile (JSM) is a multi-role air-launched version of the NSM currently in development.

Development

[edit]
Polish Navy's NSM Coastal Defense System launcher and TRS-15M Odra 3D radar in the background

The Naval Strike Missile's initial serial production contract was signed in June 2007.[3] It has been chosen by the Royal Norwegian Navy for its Fridtjof Nansen-class frigates and Skjold-class corvettes. In December 2008 the NSM was selected by the Polish Navy, which ordered fifty land-based missiles (including two for testing) in deals made in 2008 and 2011, with delivery planned for 2013–2016.[4][5] The final milestone was completed in June 2011 with tests at Point Mugu.[6][7] On 12 April 2011, the Norwegian Ministry of Defense announced phase 2 of development.[8]

On October 10, 2012, the Royal Norwegian Navy fired an NSM for the first time, from the HNoMS Glimt, a Skjold-class patrol boat.[9] On Wednesday, June 5, 2013, the Royal Norwegian Navy made the first test firing of an NSM missile carrying a live warhead against a target vessel. The decommissioned Oslo-class frigate HNoMS Trondheim was hit and the munition functioned as intended.[10][11]

In June 2013 Poland completed the Coastal Missile Division equipped with 12 NSMs and 23 vehicles on Jelcz chassis (including 6 launchers, 2 TRS-15C radars, 6 fire control vehicles, and 3 command vehicles).[12] Ultimately, the Coastal Missile Division will be equipped with 12 launchers carrying 4 missiles each for a total of 48 missiles. In December 2014 Poland ordered a second batch of launchers and missiles to equip a Naval Strike Missile battalion.[13]

Naval Strike Missile launch from USS Coronado (LCS-4) in September 2014

In late July 2014, the U.S. Navy confirmed that the NSM would be tested aboard the littoral combat ship USS Coronado (LCS-4).[14] The test occurred successfully on 24 September 2014.[15] Kongsberg and Raytheon teamed to pitch the NSM to equip the LCS as its over-the-horizon anti-ship missile in 2015.[16] By May 2017, the extended-range Boeing RGM-84 Harpoon and Lockheed Martin AGM-158C LRASM had been withdrawn from the Navy's Over-the-Horizon Weapon System (OTH-WS) competition, leaving the NSM as the only remaining contender.[17] On 31 May 2018, the Navy officially selected the NSM to serve as the LCS' OTH anti-ship weapon. The $14.8 million initial contract award to Raytheon calls for the delivery of Kongsberg-designed "encanistered missiles loaded into launching mechanisms; and a single fire control suite,” and buys about a dozen missiles; the entire contract value could grow to $847.6 million if all contract options are exercised.[18] The Navy plans to deploy the NSM in late 2019.[19] The NSM will be designated as the RGM-184A in US service.[20]

During RIMPAC 2014 the frigate Fridtjof Nansen made a successful firing of the NSM during a SINKEX, with the missile impacting and detonating as designed.[21]

In the LIMA exhibition 2015, Malaysia announced that the Naval Strike Missile had won the contract to fulfil the Royal Malaysian Navy's Maharaja Lela-class's anti-ship missile requirement.[22]

In February 2017, the Norwegian government announced that the German Navy will acquire "a significant amount" of Naval Strike Missiles under a deal valued at "more than 10 billion NOK".[23]

During RIMPAC 2018, USARPAC fired a Naval Strike Missile from the shore to sink a ship.[24]

In October 2019 the USS Gabrielle Giffords fired off a Naval Strike Missile at a surplus US Navy frigate, USS Ford, which was towed close to Guam, in the Pacific, to act as a target in a SINKEX.

Navy Marine Expeditionary Ship Interdiction System (NMESIS) launcher deploys into position at Pacific Missile Range Facility Barking Sands

According to Naval News in June 2024 the Arleigh Burke-class Guided Missile Destroyer USS Fitzgerald, and Hobart-class Guided Missile Destroyer HMAS Sydney, were observed in Honolulu with NSM box launchers during RIMPAC 2024.[25]

The NSM is to be used by the U.S. Marine Corps as part of the Navy/Marine Expeditionary Ship Interdiction System (NMESIS), which places an NSM launcher unit on an unmanned JLTV-based mobile launch platform to enable the Marines to fire anti-ship missiles from land.[26][27]

In June 2023 the Norwegian frigate HNoMS Otto Sverdrup fired off a Naval Strike Missile at a surplus corvette in a SINKEX in the Norwegian Sea.[28]

The Australian Government's Minister for Defence Industry and Capability Delivery, the Hon. Pat Conroy MP, announced on 22 August 2024 that a partnership agreement has been signed with Kongsberg's local subsidiary — Kongsberg Defence Australia — for the manufacture and servicing of Naval Strike Missiles and Joint Strike Missiles for the Australian Defence Force at a new purpose built factory. The factory is to be constructed at RAAF Base Williamtown near the city of Newcastle in New South Wales. Manufacturing of missiles is expected to commence from 2027.[29]

During the MSPO 2024 defense exhibition it was announced that the NSM missiles will equip Poland's Wicher-class frigates, replacing the previously planned RBS 15 Mk 3.[30]

Design and features

[edit]
A naval strike missile is fired from the USS Gabrielle Giffords (LCS-10) in 2019.

Base variant

[edit]

The state-of-the-art design and use of composite materials are meant to give the missile sophisticated stealth capabilities. The missile will weigh slightly more than 400 kg (880 lb) and have a range of more than 185 km (115 mi; 100 nmi). NSM is designed for littoral waters ("brown water") as well as for open sea ("green water and blue water") scenarios. The usage of a high-strength titanium alloy blast/fragmentation warhead from TDW is in line with the modern lightweight design and features insensitive high-explosive.[clarification needed] Warhead initiation is by a void-sensing Programmable Intelligent Multi-Purpose Fuze designed to optimise effect against hard targets.[31]

Like its Penguin predecessor, NSM is able to fly over and around landmasses, travel in sea skim mode, and then make random manoeuvres in the terminal phase, making it harder to stop by enemy countermeasures. While the Penguin is a yaw-to-turn missile, NSM is based on bank-to-turn flight (see Yaw (flight) and flight control). In 2016, it was confirmed by the Royal Norwegian Navy that NSM also can attack land targets.[32]

The target selection technology provides NSM with a capacity for independent detection, recognition, and discrimination of targets at sea or on the coast. This is possible by the combination of an imaging infrared (IIR) seeker and an onboard target database. NSM is able to navigate by GPS, inertial and TERCOM systems.

After being launched into the air by a solid rocket booster which is jettisoned upon burning out, the missile is propelled to its target in high subsonic speed by a turbojet sustainer engine—leaving the 125 kg multi-purpose blast/fragmentation warhead to do its work, which in case of a ship target means impacting the ship at or near the water line.

NSM CDS (coastal defence system)

[edit]

Polish variant

[edit]

An NSM coastal battery consists of three missile launch vehicles (MLV), one battery command vehicle (BCV), three combat command vehicles (CCV), one mobile communication center (MCC), one mobile radar vehicle (MRV) with TRS-15C radar, one transport and loading vehicle (TLV), and one mobile workshop vehicle (MWV). Each MLV carries 4 missiles and can be connected to the CCV by optical fiber or radio up to 10 km (6.2 mi) away; up to 6 launchers with 24 missiles can be netted together at once.[33] When installed on ships, NSMs can be deck-mounted in packs of one, two, three, four, or six launchers. Total installation weight, including electronics and cabling, is 8,600 lb (3,900 kg) for 4 launchers, 17,000 lb (7,700 kg) for 8 launchers, and 26,000 lb (12,000 kg) for 12 launchers.[34][35]

NSM-SL (submarine launched)

[edit]

At MSPO 2017, a variant of the submarine launched NSM was unveiled.[36] Spain is interested in this missile for the S-80 Plus submarines.[37]

NSM-AL (aircraft launched)

[edit]

In 2024, the Spanish ministry of defence launched a study to evaluate the capacity to equip the NSM missile to its NH90 HHSPN.[37]

Operators

[edit]

Current operators

[edit]

NSM on ships

[edit]
 Australia
 Royal Australian Navy[38]
 Netherlands
 Royal Netherlands Navy:[40]
 Norway
 Royal Norwegian Navy:[41]
 Poland
 Polish Navy:
 United Kingdom
 Royal Navy (a total of 11 vessels from the Type 23 and Type 45 classes to be equipped)[42][43]
 United States
 United States Navy[18]

Coastal defence

[edit]
 Poland
 Polish Navy:
 United States
 United States Marine Corps:

Future operators

[edit]
NSM on ships

 Belgium

 Belgian Navy[48]
 Canada
 Royal Canadian Navy[49]
 Germany
 German Navy[23][50]
 Indonesia
 Indonesian Navy:
 Malaysia
 Royal Malaysian Navy:
 Spain
 Spanish Navy[54][55][56]
The first missiles will be received in 2027[57]
Coastal defence
 Latvia
 Latvian Naval Forces[58][59]
 Romania
 Romanian Naval Forces[60]
  • Delivery expected finished Q4 2028[61][62]

Potential operator

[edit]

NSM on ships

[edit]
 India
 Indian Navy[63]

NSM-SL (submarine launched)

[edit]
 Spain
 Spanish Navy

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Janes (20 December 2022), "Naval Strike Missile (NSM)", Janes Weapons: Air Launched, Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Group UK Limited, retrieved 28 December 2022
  2. ^ "Missile Systems". Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
  3. ^ "Contract for serial production of the new Naval Strike Missile". Kongsberg. 29 June 2007. Archived from the original on 30 December 2010.
  4. ^ "Finał zakupu NSM". altair.com.pl (in Polish). 28 December 2011. Archived from the original on 17 January 2022.
  5. ^ Górka, Marcin (22 December 2008). "Superrakiety w starej marynarce". Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). Archived from the original on 6 January 2024.
  6. ^ "Kongsberg's NSM Naval Strike Missile Completes Final Milestone". Defense Aerospace. Archived from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  7. ^ "Successful final milestone for NSM". Kongsberg. 22 June 2011. Archived from the original on 6 January 2024. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  8. ^ "Utvikling av trinn to, Joint Strike Missile". regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). 4 December 2011. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
  9. ^ "Royal Norwegian Navy fires NSM missiles from Skjold class corvette and Nansen class Frigate". Naval Open Source INTelligence. 16 October 2012. Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  10. ^ Schjønberg, Snorre (5 June 2013). "Her sprenger Forsvaret sitt eget skip". Dagbladet.no (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 8 August 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  11. ^ "Testet missil på gammel fregatt". forsvaret.no. 30 September 2013. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2013.
  12. ^ a b "Ukompletowanie NDR". altair.com.pl (in Polish). 28 June 2013. Archived from the original on 27 December 2022.
  13. ^ Richardson, Doug (28 December 2014). "Poland orders its second NSM battalion". Janes. Archived from the original on 31 December 2014.
  14. ^ Cavas, Christopher P. (24 July 2014). "LCS to conduct test of Norwegian missile". Navy Times. Archived from the original on 6 January 2024.
  15. ^ LaGrone, Sam (24 September 2014). "Norwegian Missile Test On Littoral Combat Ship Successful". U.S. Naval Institute. Archived from the original on 25 September 2014.
  16. ^ LaGrone, Sam (9 April 2015). "Raytheon and Kongsberg Team to Pitch Stealthy Norwegian Strike Missile for LCS". U.S. Naval Institute. Archived from the original on 13 April 2015.
  17. ^ LaGrone, Sam (24 May 2017). "Lockheed Martin Drops LRASM Out of Littoral Combat Ship/Frigate Missile Competition". U.S. Naval Institute. Archived from the original on 13 June 2017.
  18. ^ a b LaGrone, Sam (31 May 2018). "Raytheon Awarded LCS Over-the-Horizon Anti-Surface Weapon Contract; Deal Could be Worth $848M". U.S. Naval Institute. Archived from the original on 31 May 2018.
  19. ^ Larter, David B. (24 October 2018). "The US Navy's new ship-killer missile slated to make its fleet debut much sooner than expected". Defense News. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018.
  20. ^ Vavasseur, Xavier (4 October 2019). "NSM - Naval Strike Missile - Now Has a U.S. Navy Designation". Naval News. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023.
  21. ^ "Missiles Sink Two Retired Navy Ships". Military.com. 23 July 2014. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  22. ^ "Boustead Confirms NSM for the Future Gowind class LCS of the Royal Malaysian Navy". Navy Recognition. Archived from the original on 16 December 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  23. ^ a b Nybø, Katrine (13 February 2017). "Missilsamarbeid med Tyskland gir norsk sal for 10 milliardar" [Missile cooperation with Germany results in Norwegian sale for 10 billion]. NRK (in Norwegian). Oslo: Norsk rikskringkasting AS. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
  24. ^ "Association of the United States Army LANPAC Symposium and Exposition". U.S. Pacific Command. 24 May 2017. Archived from the original on 28 November 2021. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
  25. ^ "USS Fitzgerald and HMAS Sydney Show up at RIMPAC 2024 with NSM". 29 June 2024.
  26. ^ "US Marines plans to integrate Naval Strike Missile on unmanned JLTV ROGUE Fires vehicle". Army Recognition. 15 May 2020. Archived from the original on 11 April 2023.
  27. ^ "SINKEX ~ US Forces Conduct Sinking Exercise". Joint Forces. 19 August 2021. Archived from the original on 11 April 2023.
  28. ^ "Senker krigsskip i Norskehavet" (in Norwegian). VGTV. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
  29. ^ "Australian Government, Minister of Defence, Media Releases". 22 August 2024.
  30. ^ a b Ciślak, Jarosław (2024-09-10). "Mieczniki z innymi rakietami. Zmiany na polskich fregatach [ANALIZA]". defence24.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-10-17.
  31. ^ Scott, Richard (5 November 2014). "Precision and lethality". Janes. Archived from the original on 3 December 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
  32. ^ Ege, Rune Thomas (30 May 2016). "Norges ukjente supervåpen: Marinefartøyene har kryssermissiler". www.vg.no (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 13 May 2019.
  33. ^ "Kongsberg showcasing Polish Navy's NSM Coastal Battery vehicles at MSPO 2014". Navy Recognition. 3 September 2014. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023.
  34. ^ "Naval and Joint Strike Missiles Update Precision Strike Annual Review (PSAR-14)". Kongsberg. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  35. ^ "Kongsberg Naval and Joint Strike Missiles Update Precision Strike Annual Review (PSAR-14)" (PDF). Komgsberg. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 June 2021.
  36. ^ "MSPO 2017: Kongsberg showcase sub launched NSM | Shephard". www.shephardmedia.com. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
  37. ^ a b "Spain orders feasibility study for NH90 helicopter integration with NSM missile". 2024-11-10. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
  38. ^ Dutton, Peter (5 April 2022). "$3.5 billion to accelerate missile strike capabilities for the ADF". minister.defence.gov.au. Archived from the original on 1 November 2023. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
  39. ^ Felton, Ben (6 June 2024). "HMAS Sydney fitted with Naval Strike Missile". minister.defence.gov.au. Retrieved 6 June 2024.
  40. ^ "Marine krijgt nieuwe antischeepsraketten - Nieuwsbericht - Defensie.nl". Dutch Ministry of Defense (in Dutch). 12 December 2022. Archived from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  41. ^ "Sjø - Forsvaret.no". Archived from the original on 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2015-01-01.
  42. ^ "Norwegian Naval Strike Missiles to the British Royal Navy". regjeringen.no (Norwegian Government). 23 November 2022. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023.
  43. ^ "Royal Navy warships to receive Harpoon replacement from next year". Royal Navy. 22 November 2022. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023.
  44. ^ Vavasseur, Xavier (19 December 2023). "UK Royal Navy Declares IOC with Naval Strike Missile". Naval News. Archived from the original on 3 January 2024. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  45. ^ "US Navy selects Naval Strike Missile as new, over-the-horizon weapon". Raytheon. 1 June 2018. Archived from the original on 23 September 2022. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
  46. ^ "Naval Strike Missile (NSMTM) Coastal Defence System" (PDF). Kongsberg. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 April 2023.
  47. ^ "Raytheon to Arm Marine Corps with Anti-Ship Missiles in $47M Deal". 8 May 2019.
  48. ^ Dalløkken, Per Erlien (4 July 2023). "Signaturene som sikrer en ny bruker av NSM-missilene fra Kongsberg" (in Norwegian). Teknisk Ukeblad. Archived from the original on 4 July 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  49. ^ "Canadian Surface Combatant" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 January 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  50. ^ "Kongsberg's NSM to Replace German Navy Frigates' Harpoon Anti-Ship Missiles". Navy Recognition. 9 July 2018. Archived from the original on 7 February 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
  51. ^ "Makin Sangar, Rudal Berdaya Tembak 250 Km Perkuat Kapal Perang TNI AL". TNI Angkatan Laut. 9 February 2022. Archived from the original on 4 June 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2022.
  52. ^ Ozberk, Tayfun (15 February 2022). "Indonesian Navy Set To Procure Missile Boats Armed With NSM". Naval News. Archived from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  53. ^ "Letter of Award for NSM ships equipment with Malaysian Boustead Naval Shipyard Sdn Bhd". Navy Recognition. 9 April 2015. Archived from the original on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
  54. ^ "Spain Selects Naval Strike Missile". Kongsberg. 9 September 2022. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023.
  55. ^ Dalløkken, Per Erlien (17 August 2022). "Nok en gang har det sneket seg inn en ny missilkunde til Kongsberg under radaren". Teknisk Ukeblad (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 17 August 2022.
  56. ^ Carrasco, Benjamín (23 November 2022). "NSM, el nuevo misil antibuque para las fragatas de la Armada española". Info Defensa (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 8 November 2023.
  57. ^ "El misil NSM no llegará a la Armada hasta 2027". Info Defensa (in Spanish). 2 June 2023. Archived from the original on 4 August 2023.
  58. ^ Adamowski, Jaroslaw (5 May 2023). "Latvian government approves $110 million Naval Strike Missile buy". Defense News. Archived from the original on 6 January 2024.
  59. ^ Adamowski, Jaroslaw (14 February 2023). "Latvia to boost defense spending with naval missile, HIMARS deals". Defense News. Archived from the original on 16 February 2023.
  60. ^ ""Romanian government approves Naval Strike Missile buy"". Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  61. ^ Dalløkken, Per Erlien (3 May 2021). "Beskytter Østersjøen i dag – nå skal norske missiler også utplasseres ved Svartehavet". Teknisk Ukeblad (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 29 September 2023.
  62. ^ "Raytheon To Supply NSM Coastal Defense System To Romania". Naval News. 6 January 2023. Archived from the original on 25 December 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  63. ^ Jennings, Gareth (25 March 2020). "Indian MH-60R helos to be Saudi-standard, plus national mods". Janes. Europe. Archived from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  64. ^ Times, The Rio (2023-09-14). "Navantia Adds NSM Missile to S-80 Sub". The Rio Times. Retrieved 2024-11-16.
  65. ^ InfoDefensa, Revista Defensa. "La Armada elige el misil antibuque NSM para el submarino S-80, tras descartar el sub-Harpoon". Infodefensa - Noticias de defensa, industria, seguridad, armamento, ejércitos y tecnología de la defensa (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-11-16.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Naval Strike Missile.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naval_Strike_Missile&oldid=1259220912#Joint_Strike_Missile"