John Lyndon

John Lyndon
John Lyndon
Personal details
Born	1630; Carrickfergus, Ireland
Died	1699 (aged 68–69); Ireland
Occupation	Judge, politician

Sir John Lyndon (c. 1630-1699) was an Irish judge and politician of the seventeenth century. He was the first holder of the office of Third Serjeant-at-law, which was created especially for him, apparently as a "consolation prize" for not being made a High Court judge the first time he sought that office. He was also Recorder of Carrickfergus for many years, a position held by several members of the Lyndon family over the best part of a century.

Early career

He was born in Carrickfergus, son of Captain Roger Lyndon, Collector of Customs for the town of Carrickfergus, and his wife Jane Marten. The Lyndons were a prominent Carrickfergus family who settled in the town around the time of its foundation in the early 1590s. At least one branch of John's own descendants was associated with Dublin, but they continued to play a prominent role in the political life of Carrickfergus until at least the 1730s. One Henry Lyndon was Mayor of Carrickfergus in 1600. John had at least one brother, also named Roger, who in 1666 married Dorothy Newburgh, daughter of Thomas Newburgh MP of Ballyhaise, County Cavan. Roger, the father, was Recorder 1641-57, like his son and grandson after him.

John was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He entered Lincoln's Inn in 1657, although it seems that he was not actually called to the Bar in England, something which later caused him a good deal of difficulty when he tried to set up a legal practice in England. He was appointed Recorder of Carrickfergus in 1657 and entered the King's Inn in 1663. He was seneschal of St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. He sat in the Irish House of Commons as MP for Killybegs in the sole Irish Parliament of the reign of Charles II (1661-1666). In 1663 he defeated an effort by Sir Audley Mervyn to replace him as Recorder of Carrickfergus (this was not a Crown appointment: the Recorder was elected by the town corporation). The Recordership however was a badly paid job (the salary was £20 per annum, later reduced to £10) which explains his wish for a more lucrative position.

The first Third Serjeant

The office of Third Serjeant was created especially for him in 1682: this was widely regarded as a "consolation prize" for his failure to secure a place on the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland). The situation became comical when the office of Second Serjeant was given to William Beckett: both Lyndon and Sir Richard Ryves, the Recorder of Dublin, claimed that it had been promised to them. Ormonde, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, took a keen interest in judicial appointments, but he did not regard the Serjeant-at-law as an office of much importance (probably due to his deep distrust of Sir Audley Mervyn, who had been the Prime Serjeant in the 1660s), and had always said that one Serjeant was quite enough. He frankly admitted that when he appointed Beckett as Serjeant he had forgotten that Lyndon had already received his patent of appointment to the same office. A compromise arrangement was reached by which Beckett remained as Second Serjeant; he died a few months later. Ryves was promised, and received, the next vacant Serjeantship, and Lyndon, in addition to becoming Third Serjeant, was promised the next vacant seat on the High Court bench. The desire to conciliate Lyndon suggests that he was highly regarded by Ormonde, who was noted for loyalty to his friends. No specific duties were assigned to him as Third Serjeant, and the office was generally agreed to be surplus to requirements, at a time when the need for even two serjeants was questioned, not least by Ormonde himself, who had remarked many years earlier that the Second Serjeant had nothing to do.

Judge

Ormonde kept his promise about a judicial appointment, and In January 1683 Lyndon was raised to the Bench as justice of the Court of King's Bench (Ireland). He was sent regularly to Ulster as justice of assize. In 1686-7 he was engaged in a dispute with his colleague Thomas Nugent as to which of them had precedence in Court: they are said to have quarrelled "as briskly as two women". He seems to have been in some financial difficulty at this time, as he petitioned the Crown for a licence to export wool, as a means of providing for his family. Despite their differences Nugent and Lyndon, who had jointly presided at the trial for murder of William (or Henry) Aston, eldest son of their late colleague Sir William Aston, who was found guilty and hanged,^[1] worked together to secure the return of his property, which was forfeit to the Crown, to his widow and children, who were living in poverty.^[1]

The Glorious Revolution and afterwards

Although Lyndon was a sincere Protestant, (being a friend of Ormonde, he was most likely a staunch Anglican), the Catholic King James II, despite his policy of replacing Irish Protestant office-holders with Catholics in so far as possible, left Lyndon in peace until after the Glorious Revolution of 1688. James's arrival in Ireland in 1689 put Lyndon and the other remaining Protestants on the Irish Bench in a very difficult position, as they were naturally suspected of sympathising with the new King William III. Lyndon and his wife tried to escape to England, taking their valuables with them, but they were arrested at the waterside and their goods were seized. His enemies claimed that Lyndon then agreed to preside at the trials of suspected enemies of the Jacobite regime, as a bribe for the return of his property, and he did resume his position as justice of assize in Ulster for a time. Later in 1689 he and his family were permitted to go to England, but without their valuables. His position on the Bench was left vacant, apparently because no barrister would pay the fee for the patent of office. His efforts to practice at the Bar in England encountered a difficulty when it transpired that although he had been a law student at Lincoln's Inn, he had never been called to the English bar. Whether he overcame this disability is unclear.

Following the downfall of King James's cause at the Battle of the Boyne, Lyndon returned to Ireland, and was reappointed to the Bench in 1690 and knighted. He continued to go regularly on assize to Ulster. He remained Recorder of Carrickfergus until 1697, when he resigned; the town corporation chose his son Edward in his place. He died in 1699.

Family

By his wife Elizabeth he had a numerous family, including at least five sons, John, Edward, Charles, Richard and George, and one daughter, who married her cousin Cuthbert Winder. Lady Lyndon died in June 1711, a fact mentioned by Jonathan Swift in a letter to his beloved friend Esther Johnson (Stella): "your Lady Lyndon is dead". Their eldest son, Captain John Lyndon, was killed at the Siege of Limerick (1691).

Edward, the second son, served as Recorder of Carrickfergus, like his father and grandfather before him, from 1697 until 1727. He also sat for Carrickfergus in the Irish House of Commons until 1727. The seat was next held by a younger John Lyndon, who was probably Edward's son.

References

^ ^a ^b Maynard, Hazel "Nugent, Thomas" Cambridge Dictionary of National Biography

Ball, F. Elrington The Judges in Ireland 1221-1921 John Murray London 1926
Hart, A.R. History of the King's Serjeant-at-law in Ireland Four Courts Press Dublin 2000
Kenny, Colum "King's Inns and the Kingdom of Ireland" Dublin Irish Academic Press 1992
McSkimin, Samuel History and Antiquities of the county of the town of Carrickfergus from the earliest records to the present time Published by the author Belfast 1829
The correspondence of Henry Hyde, 2nd Earl of Clarendon with his brother Lawrence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester; published by Samuel Weller Singer London 2 Volumes 1828
Swift, Jonathan Journal to Stella Letter 26, July 1711

[Maynard-1] Maynard, Hazel "Nugent, Thomas" Cambridge Dictionary of National Biography

[1]

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17th century	1600 George Abbot 1601 George Ryves 1602 John Howson 1603 George Abbot 1604 John Williams 1605 George Abbot 1606 Henry Airay 1607 John King 1611 Thomas Singleton 1614 William Goodwyn 1616 Arthur Lake 1617 William Goodwyn 1619 John Prideaux 1621 William Piers 1624 John Prideaux 1626 William Juxon 1628 Accepted Frewen 1630 William Smyth 1632 Brian Duppa 1634 Robert Pincke 1636 Richard Baylie 1638 Accepted Frewen 1640 Christopher Potter 1641 John Prideaux 1642 John Prideaux in absentia (duties performed by Robert Pincke and then John Tolson as Pro-Vice-Chancellors) 1643 John Tolson, Robert Pincke 1645 Samuel Fell 1648 Edward Reynolds 1650 Daniel Greenwood 1652 John Owen 1657 John Conant 1660 Paul Hood 1661 Richard Baylie 1662 Walter Blandford 1664 Robert Say 1666 John Fell 1669 Peter Mews 1673 Ralph Bathurst 1676 Henry Clerk 1677 John Nicholas 1679 Timothy Halton 1682 John Lloyd 1685 Timothy Halton 1686 John Venn 1687 Gilbert Ironside 1689 Jonathan Edwards 1692 Henry Aldrich 1695 Fitzherbert Adams 1697 John Meare 1698 William Paynter
18th century	1700 Roger Mander 1702 William Delaune 1706 William Lancaster 1710 Thomas Brathwait 1712 Bernard Gardiner 1715 John Baron 1718 Robert Shippen 1723 John Mather 1728 Edward Butler 1732 William Holmes 1735 Stephen Niblett 1738 Theophilus Leigh 1741 Walter Hodges 1744 Euseby Isham 1747 John Purnell 1750 John Browne 1753 George Huddesford 1756 Thomas Randolph 1759 Joseph Browne 1765 David Durell 1768 Nathan Wetherell 1772 Thomas Fothergill 1776 George Horne 1780 Samuel Dennis 1784 Joseph Chapman 1788 John Cooke 1792 John Wills 1796 Scrope Berdmore 1797 Edmund Isham 1798 Michael Marlow
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20th century	1901 David Binning Monro 1904 William Walter Merry 1906 Herbert Warren 1910 Charles Buller Heberden 1913 Thomas Banks Strong 1917 Herbert Edward Douglas Blakiston 1920 Lewis Richard Farnell 1923 Joseph Wells 1926 Francis William Pember 1929 Frederick Homes Dudden 1932 Francis John Lys 1935 Alexander Dunlop Lindsay 1938 George Stuart Gordon 1941 Sir William David Ross 1944 Sir Richard Winn Livingstone 1947 William Teulon Swan Stallybrass 1948 The Very Reverend John Lowe 1951 Sir Cecil Maurice Bowra 1954 Alic Halford Smith 1957 John Cecil Masterman 1958 Thomas Sherrer Ross Boase 1960 Arthur Lionel Pugh Norrington 1962 Walter Fraser Oakeshott 1964 Kenneth Clinton Wheare 1966 John Norman Davidson Kelly 1966 Kenneth Turpin 1969 Alan Bullock, Lord Bullock of Leafield 1973 Sir John Habakkuk 1977 Sir Rex Richards 1981 Sir Geoffrey Warnock 1985 Lord Neill of Bladen 1989 Sir Richard Southwood 1993 Sir Peter North 1997 Sir Colin Lucas
21st century	2004 John Hood 2009 Andrew D. Hamilton 2016 Louise Richardson 2023 Irene Tracey