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John FitzThomas, 1st Baron Desmond

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John FitzThomas
Baron Desmond
Tenure1259-1261
PredecessorNew creation
SuccessorThomas FitzGeraldhi
DiedAugust 1261
Callan, Kilgarvan
NationalityIrish
Wars and battlesBattle of Callann
IssueMaurice FitzJohn
ParentsThomas Fitzmaurice
A memorial at the site of the Battle of Callann

John FitzThomas, 1st Baron Desmond (died 1261) was the son of Thomas Fitzmaurice, Lord OConnello by his wife Ellinor, daughter of Jordan de Marisco, and sister of Geoffrey de Marisco, who was appointed justiciar of Ireland in 1215.[1][2] He was the grandson of Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Lanstephan.[3]

Thomas Fitzmaurice, Lord OConnello was the founder of the Desmond line of the FitzGerald/FitzMaurice Dynasty and ancestor of the powerful Earls of Desmond (now extinct), as well as other dynasties, including the modern Green Knights of Kerry and former Black Knights of Glin.[4] The other extinct Desmond Geraldines are the Lords of Decies and the White Knights.[5]

In 1259, FitzThomas received a royal grant of Desmond and west Waterford in fee. Fineen MacCarthy, son of Donal Gott MacCarthy and King of Desmond gathered his troops to oppose this.[6] MacCarthy's forces included the O'Sullivans, whom the Norman incursions into Munster in the 1180s had forced from their original homeland in County Tipperary. They became the chief princes underneath their close kinsmen the MacCarthys. MacCarthy was also joined by the O'Donoghue, also related.[citation needed]

In July 1261 the three Gaelic clans joined to face the Normans at the Battle of Callann and won a complete victory.[6] Both John FitzGerald and his son, Maurice FitzJohn, died in the fighting. John FitzGerald was succeeded by his grandson, Maurice's son Thomas FitzMaurice, 2nd Baron Desmond.[7]

The FitzMaurice Barons and later Earls of Kerry continue in the male line with the current Petty-FitzMaurice Marquesses of Lansdowne, but they descend from the 1st Baron Desmond's nephew, Thomas FitzMaurice, 1st Baron of Kerry, son of his brother Maurice FitzThomas. Thus in fact they represent a "sister" branch to the FitzGeralds of Desmond. However this technically makes them slightly closer to the FitzGeralds of Desmond than either are to the Offaly-Kildare-Leinster Geraldines, represented by the modern Dukes of Leinster, who descend from Gerald FitzMaurice, 1st Lord of Offaly, uncle of the 1st Baron Desmond.[7]

Marriages and issue

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John was the father of Maurice FitzJohn, who died with him at the Battle of Callann, and of Osborn Fitzgerald, founder of the House of Corsygedol.[3][8][9] John was succeeded in his baronial title by Maurice's son, Thomas FitzGerald, 2nd Baron Desmond.

References

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  1. ^ Cokayne, George Edward, Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct, or Dormant. Volume III. London: George Bell & Sons. 1890. p. 83
  2. ^ Burke, Bernard, A Genealogical History of the Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire. London: Harrison. 1866. p. 204
  3. ^ a b Pedigree of the family of Wynne, of Peniarth, William Watkin E. Wynne, Taylor & Co., London, 1872, p. 3-12
  4. ^ Graves, James, and Samuel Heyman, editors. "Unpublished Geraldine Documents, The Whyte Knight." The Journal of the Royal Historical and Archaeological Association of Ireland, vol. IV, pg 37. Dublin University Press, Ireland. 1885, p. 3-27-37
  5. ^ Graves, James, and Samuel Heyman, editors. "Unpublished Geraldine Documents, The Whyte Knight." The Journal of the Royal Historical and Archaeological Association of Ireland, vol. IV, pg 37. Dublin University Press, Ireland. 1885, p. 3-27
  6. ^ a b Curtis, Edmund. A History of Ireland, Routledge, 2005, ISBN 9781134466665, p. 75
  7. ^ a b Orpen, Goddard H. “The Fitz Geralds, Barons of Offaly.” The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, vol. 4, no. 2, 1914, pp. 99–113. JSTOR. Accessed 8 Mar. 2024.
  8. ^ Archaeologia Cambrensis, Index to 'Archaeologia Cambrensis', 1901-1960. Vol. 8. 1846. p. 405.
  9. ^ Davies, W. Ll., (1959). OSBWRN WYDDEL (' Osborn the Irishman '), living in 1293 Irish nobleman and ancestor of landed families in Merioneth. Dictionary of Welsh Biography. Retrieved 8 Mar 2024
  10. ^ Webb, Alfred. A Compendium of Irish Biography. Dublin: 1878.
[edit]
Peerage of Ireland
New creation Baron Desmond
1st creation
until 1261 		Succeeded by
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