John Crichton, 4th Earl Erne
The Earl Erne | |
|---|---|
 Photograph of Lord Erne, 1910 | |
| Member of Parliament for Fermanagh | |
| In office 1880–1885 Serving with William Humphrys Archdale | |
| Preceded by | Hon. Henry Cole William Humphrys Archdale |
| Succeeded by | Constituency abolished |
| Member of Parliament for Enniskillen | |
| In office 1868–1880 | |
| Preceded by | Hon. John Lowry Cole |
| Succeeded by | Viscount Cole |
| Personal details | |
| Born | John Henry Crichton 16 October 1839 |
| Died | 2 December 1914 (aged 75) |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Spouse |
Lady Florence Mary Cole
(after 1870) |
| Children | 5 |
| Parent(s) | John Crichton, 3rd Earl Erne Selina Griselda Beresford |
| Relatives | John Crichton, 5th Earl Erne (grandson) Kathleen Hamilton, Duchess of Abercorn (granddaughter) Gerald Grosvenor, 4th Duke of Westminster (grandson) Robert Grosvenor, 5th Duke of Westminster (grandson) |
John Henry Crichton, 4th Earl Erne, KP, PC (Ire) (16 October 1839 – 2 December 1914), styled Viscount Crichton from 1842 to 1885, was an Anglo-Irish peer and Conservative politician.
Early life
[edit]Erne was the eldest son of Selina Griselda, Countess Erne (née Beresford), and John Crichton, 3rd Earl Erne. His younger siblings included Col. Hon. Charles Frederick Crichton (who married Lady Madeline Taylour, eldest daughter of Thomas Taylour, 3rd Marquess of Headfort), Lt.-Col. Hon. Sir Henry George Louis Crichton, the aide de camp to King Edward VII, and Lady Louisa Anne Catherine Crichton.[1]
His paternal grandparents were Lt.-Col. Hon. John Crichton, Governor of Hurst Castle, and the former Jane Weldon (a daughter of Walter Weldon). His father had succeeded to the earldom upon the death of his grand-uncle, Abraham Creighton, 2nd Earl Erne (MP for Lifford from 1790 to 1797 who was declared insane in 1798 and then incarcerated at Brooke House, London, for the next forty years). His maternal grandparents were the former Amelia Montgomery (a daughter of Sir William Montgomery, 1st Baronet of Magbie Hill) and the Rev. Charles Cobbe Beresford, Rector of Termonmaguirk. His aunt, Anna Beresford, was the wife of Lord John Thynne (third son of Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath).[1]
Career
[edit]He was appointed High Sheriff of Donegal for 1867. He was then elected to the House of Commons for Enniskillen in 1868, a seat he held until 1880, and then represented Fermanagh from 1880 to 1885. Between 1876 and 1880 he served as a Lord of the Treasury in the Conservative administration of Benjamin Disraeli. In October 1885 he succeeded his father as fourth Earl Erne and entered the House of Lords, and served as Lord Lieutenant of County Fermanagh from 1885 to 1914.[2]
He was made a Knight of the Order of St Patrick in 1889; and was appointed to the Privy Council of Ireland in the 1902 Coronation Honours list published on 26 June 1902,[3] being sworn in by the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, Earl Cadogan, at Dublin Castle on 11 August 1902.[4]
Personal life
[edit]On 28 December 1870, Lord Erne was married to Lady Florence Mary Cole, daughter of William Willoughby Cole, 3rd Earl of Enniskillen, and the former Jane Casamaijor (daughter of James Casamaijor). Together, they were the parents of:[1]
- Hon. Henry William Crichton (1872–1914), styled Viscount Crichton, who married Lady Mary Cavendish Grosvenor, a daughter of Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster and Hon. Katherine Cavendish (third daughter of the 2nd Baron Chesham). After his death in 1914, Lady Mary married Col. the Hon. Algernon Francis Stanley (a son of Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby).[1]
- Hon. Sir George Arthur Charles Crichton (1874–1952), who married Lady Mary Augusta Dawson, second daughter of Vesey Dawson, 2nd Earl of Dartrey, and Julia Wombwell (eldest daughter of Sir George Wombwell, 4th Baronet) in 1913. He served as Comptroller of the Lord Chamberlain's Office, Extra Equerry to King George V, Edward VIII, and George VI, and Registrar and Secretary Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood.[1]
- Hon. Arthur Owen Crichton (1876–1970), who married Katherine Helen Elizabeth Trefusis, third daughter of Col. Hon. Walter Rodolph Trefusis (a son of Charles Trefusis, 19th Baron Clinton) and Lady Mary Montagu-Douglas-Scott (a daughter of Walter Montagu-Douglas-Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch), in 1906.[1]
- Hon. James Archibald Crichton (1877–1956)[1]
- Lady Evelyn Selina Louisa Crichton (1879–1955), who married the Hon. Gerald Ernest Francis Ward (1877–1914), the sixth son of the 1st Earl of Dudley.[1]
- Lady Mabel Florence Mary Crichton (1882–1944), who married Lord Hugh William Grosvenor (1884–1914), the sixth son of the 1st Duke of Westminster. After Lord Hugh was killed during the First World War, she remarried to Maj. Robert Hamilton Stubber, a son of Robert Hamilton Stubber, in 1920.[1]
On 30 October 1914, Lord Erne's sons-in-law, Gerald Ward and Lord Hugh Grosvenor, were both killed in action, serving with the 1st Life Guards during the First Battle of Ypres at Zandvoorde. The next day, 31 October 1914, his eldest son Henry, a Major (Brevet Lt.-Col.) in the Royal Horse Guards, was also killed in action, aged 42, during the Great War, and was is buried at Zantvoorde British Cemetery in Flanders.[5] Only a month later, Lord Erne himself died on 2 December 1914, aged 75, and was succeeded in his titles by his seven-year-old grandson John, his eldest son having predeceased him.[6]
Descendants
[edit]His grandson, and heir, John Crichton, 5th Earl Erne, was also killed in action, with the 5th Earl's death occurring on 23 May 1940 during the Second World War.[7]
He was a grandfather of Lady Mary Kathleen Crichton, Mistress of the Robes to Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, who married James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Abercorn, in 1928.[1]
Through his daughter, Lady Mabel, he was a grandfather of Gerald and Robert, the 4th and 5th Dukes of Westminster.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Erne, Earl (I, 1789)". www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ^ Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.
- ^ "The Coronation Honours". The Times. No. 36804. London. 26 June 1902. p. 5.
- ^ "Ireland". The Times. No. 36844. London. 12 August 1902. p. 9.
- ^ "Major (Brevet Lt. Colonel) CRICHTON, HENRY WILLIAM". www.cwgc.org. Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
- ^ "A NOBLEMAN DEAD. THE EARL OF ERNE". The Advertiser. Vol. LVII, no. 17, 517. South Australia. 5 December 1914. p. 15. Retrieved 10 June 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "Major CRICHTON, JOHN HENRY GEORGE". www.cwgc.org. Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
- ^ "Westminster, Duke of (UK, 1874)". www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk. Heraldic Media Limited. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
External links
[edit]- Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages
- Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs
- www.thepeerage.com
- Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Earl Erne
| International | |
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| National | |
| People | |
- 1839 births
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- High sheriffs of County Fermanagh
- Knights of St Patrick
- Lord-lieutenants of Fermanagh
- Members of the Privy Council of Ireland
- Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Fermanagh constituencies (1801–1922)
- UK MPs 1868–1874
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- UK MPs who inherited peerages
- High sheriffs of Donegal
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- Earls Erne