Ixoroideae

Ixoroideae
	Ixora coccinea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Rubiaceae
Subfamily:	Ixoroideae; Raf.

Ixoroideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 4000 species in 27 tribes.

Tribes

Airospermeae Kainul. & B.Bremer
Alberteae Hook.f.
Aleisanthieae Mouly, J.Florence & B.Bremer
Augusteae Kainul. & B.Bremer
Bertiereae Bridson
Coffeeae DC.
Condamineeae Hook.f.
Cordiereae A.Rich. ex DC. emend. Mouly
Cremasporeae Bremek. ex S.P.Darwin
Crossopterygeae F.White ex Bridson
Gardenieae A.Rich. ex DC.
Greeneeae Mouly, J.Florence & B.Bremer
Henriquezieae Benth. & Hook.f.
Ixoreae Benth. & Hook.f.
Jackieae Korth.
Mussaendeae Hook.f.
Octotropideae Bedd.
Pavetteae A.Rich. ex Dumort.
Posoquerieae Delprete
Retiniphylleae Hook.f.
Sabiceeae Bremek.
Scyphiphoreae Kainul. & B.Bremer
Sherbournieae Mouly & B.Bremer
Sipaneeae Bremek.
Steenisieae Kainul. & B.Bremer
Trailliaedoxeae Kainul. & B.Bremer
Vanguerieae A.Rich. ex Dumort.

Classification

Ixoroideae is a subfamily of the family Rubiaceae. Based on both morphological and molecular characters, Rubiaceae has been divided into three subfamilies - Ixoroideae, Cinchonoideae, and Rubioideae. Ixoroideae and Cinchoinoideae are more closely related.^[1] Members of Ixoroideae are morphologically diverse so no shared derived characters have been established for its classification. Introduction of molecular analyses to systematics dramatically improved tribal classification within the subfamily.^[2] Present tribal classification within this subfamily is mainly supported through molecular analysis of chloroplast DNA.

Cultivation and use

Ixoroideae consists of 27 tribes that include several economically valuable genera. Well-known genera within the subfamily include Ixora and Gardenia, both popular ornamentals, but economic value is centered on the genus Coffea, cultivated for coffee production. Three species are generally used for cultivation - Coffea arabica, Coffea robusta, and Coffea liberica ^[3]

References

^ Bremer, B., & Eriksson, T. (2009). Time tree of Rubiaceae: phylogeny and dating the family, subfamilies, and tribes. International journal of plant sciences,170(6), 766-793
^ Andreasen, K, & Bremer, B. (2000). Combined phylogenetic analysis in the Rubiaceae-Ixoroideae: morphology, nuclear and chloroplast DNA data. American Journal of Botany, 87,1731–1748.
^ Davis, A. P., Govaerts, R., Bridson, D. M., & Stoffelen, P. (2006). An annotated taxonomic conspectus of the genus Coffea (Rubiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 152(4), 465-512.

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[1] Bremer, B., & Eriksson, T. (2009). Time tree of Rubiaceae: phylogeny and dating the family, subfamilies, and tribes. International journal of plant sciences,170(6), 766-793

[2] Andreasen, K, & Bremer, B. (2000). Combined phylogenetic analysis in the Rubiaceae-Ixoroideae: morphology, nuclear and chloroplast DNA data. American Journal of Botany, 87,1731–1748.

[3] Davis, A. P., Govaerts, R., Bridson, D. M., & Stoffelen, P. (2006). An annotated taxonomic conspectus of the genus Coffea (Rubiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 152(4), 465-512.

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