Ishal
Ishal is the melodic framework within which Mappila Songs are composed.[1] Though identical to tala(metre (music)) and raga of Indian music, it has influences from the ancient folk songs of Kerala and Arabian musical traditions.[2]
Ishals with its distinct tunes convey the emotion and mood of the lyrics being rendered. As mappila songs are also used in mappila performing arts like Oppana, Kolkali, Duffmuttu, etc.; the change in ishals changes the dance moves. [3] Ishals like Kuthirabaravu / Kuthirathalam meaning 'horse rhythm' gives the audience the feel of a galloping horse, with its distinctive rhythmic rendering.[4] [1]
Much of the recorded sources of ishals are Mappila literary works written in Arabi-Malayalam. Moyinkutty Vaidyar's work alone has used numerous different Ishals in composition. Oral transmission is another source of information on various ishals. Researches on Ishals are still underway.[5][6]
List of known Ishals
[edit]- Kombu, with its various sub categories.
- Thongal
- Bambu
- Akanthar / Chayppu Virutham
- Oppana Chayal & Oppana Murukkam
- Hakkana
- Mihraaj
- Munajaat
- Kavi
- Maanitham Kwala & Maanitham Kwala Murukkam
- Aadi Antham
- Pukayinaar
- Aaramba
- Thalelam
- Oosha Birutham
- Makkanabi
- Changu Kalangi / Chattamaettam
- Mariyum Kinnaram
- Kalithaalam
- Akabhalippu
- Ondan
- Ketti Imaam
- Virutham
- Veerasha
- Param Enikathil [7]
- Veeraar
- Naeshamaasha
- Aashayul
- Koolamammayil
- Madanamani / Veervirutham
- Kuthirabaravu
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Mappila Muslims: A Study on Society and Anti Colonial Struggles" By Husain Raṇṭattāṇi.
- ^ Abdurahiman.K.P "Mappila heritage: A study in their social and cultural life" Thesis. Department of History, University of Calicut, 2004.
- ^ a b Abdurahiman.K.P "Mappila heritage: A study in their social and cultural life" Thesis. Department of History, University of Calicut, 2004. Chapter~7 'Mappila Tradition In Folk Arts'.
- ^ "Mappilapaattu or Mappila songs | Muslim songs of Kerala". Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
- ^ a b Ishal Thanima Audio CD, Mahakavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Mappila Kala Academy, Kondotty, Kerala.
- ^ "Mappila Muslims: A Study on Society and Anti Colonial Struggles" By Husain Raṇṭattāṇi.
- ^ "Mappilapattu version of Ramayana soon" Times of India, 23 July 2017.
- ^ "Islamika Vinjanakosham", Islamic Publishing House, vol. 7 & 8