Intelligent street lighting
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Intelligent street lighting refers to public street lighting that adapts to movement by pedestrians, cyclists and cars in a smart city.[1] Also called adaptive street lighting, it brightens when sensing activity and dims while not. This is different from traditional stationary illumination, and that which dims on a timer.
History
[edit]Europe
[edit]The first patent requests for intelligent street lighting stem from the late 1990s.[2] But it was not until April 7, 2006, that Europe experienced the first large scale implementation of a control network in a street lighting application. The implementation took place in Oslo (Norway) and it was expected to reduce energy usage by 50 percent, improve roadway safety, and minimize maintenance costs.[3]
The Oslo project triggered interest from other cities in Europe, and formed the basis for other sustainability initiatives, such as the E-Street initiative. This research group focused on ways to reduce energy usage in outdoor lighting systems in the European Union (EU). The E-Street group strongly influenced EU standards and legislation for intelligent outdoor lighting systems.[4]
Features
[edit]Street lights can be made intelligent by placing cameras or other sensors on them, which enables them to detect movement (e.g. Sensity's Light Sensory Network, GE's "Currents", Tvilight's CitySense).[5][6] Additional technology enables the street lights to communicate with one another. Different companies have different variations to this technology. When a passer-by is detected by a camera or sensor, it will communicate this to neighboring street lights, which will brighten so that people are always surrounded by a safe circle of light.[7] The SmartLighting technology of the Anhalt University of Applied Sciences does this as well, and has been installed in Bernburg-Strenzfeld in Germany.[8] Street lights illuminate at a longer distance ahead of the pedestrian than behind the pedestrian in the SmartLighting concept.
Control
[edit]Some companies also offer software with which the street lights can be monitored and managed wirelessly. Clients, or other companies, can access the software from a computer, or even a tablet. From this software, they can gather data, pre-set levels of brightness and dimming time; receive warning signals when a light defects.[9][10][11][12]
Guidelines
[edit]The U.S. Federal Highway Administration has issued guidelines to provide a process by which a governmental agency or a lighting designer can select the required lighting level for a road or street and implement adaptive lighting for a lighting installation or lighting retrofit.[13]
References
[edit]- ^ Muthanna, M. S. A.; Muthanna, M. M. A.; Khakimov, A.; Muthanna, A. (January 2018). "Development of intelligent street lighting services model based on LoRa technology". 2018 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EIConRus). pp. 90–93. doi:10.1109/EIConRus.2018.8317037. ISBN 978-1-5386-4339-6. S2CID 3935434. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- ^ "Intelligent outdoor lighting control system Patent (Patent # 6,204,615 issued March 20, 2001) - Justia Patents Database". Patents.justia.com. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ^ "Oslo to cut streetlight energy costs by 30% while increasing safety". Gizmag.com. 7 April 2006. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ^ "Oslo to cut streetlight energy costs by 30% while increasing safety". Gizmag.com. 7 April 2006. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ^ https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53d2cdffe4b069e965155fc8/t/5693fc26dc5cb4e20e40b151/1452538926885/20160111_NetSense-Cities.pdf Archived 2016-03-28 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL PDF]
- ^ Inventors, innovators manipulate light - CNN Video, 18 July 2013, retrieved 2019-11-08
- ^ "'Smart' streetlamps light up when you're near - CNN.com". Edition.cnn.com. 18 July 2013. Retrieved 2015-12-24.
- ^ "The SmartLighting Concept" (PDF). Future Internet Lab Anhalt. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "Street Light Management Software". Landis+Gyr. Archived from the original on 2019-11-08. Retrieved 2019-11-08.
- ^ inteliLIGHT®. "inteliLIGHT® street lighting control software". inteliLIGHT®. Retrieved 2019-11-08.
- ^ "Light Management Software | Tvilight". Tvilight - Empowering Intelligence. Retrieved 2019-11-08.
- ^ "Kepler - Light Management Software". Kepler - Intelligent System for Smart Cities. Retrieved 2020-11-07.
- ^ Guidelines for the Implementation of Reduced Lighting on Roadways.