Inner West Council
Inner West Council New South Wales | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population | 182,818 (2021 census)[1] | ||||||||||||||
• Density | 5,220/km2 (13,530/sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
Established | 12 May 2016 | ||||||||||||||
Area | 35 km2 (13.5 sq mi)[2] | ||||||||||||||
Mayor | Darcy Byrne | ||||||||||||||
Council seat | Ashfield, Leichhardt & Petersham | ||||||||||||||
Region | Inner West | ||||||||||||||
State electorate(s) | |||||||||||||||
Federal division(s) | |||||||||||||||
Website | Inner West Council | ||||||||||||||
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Inner West Council is a local government area located in the Inner West region of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Inner West LGA makes up the eastern part of this wider region, and was formed on 12 May 2016 from the merger of the former Ashfield, Leichhardt and Marrickville councils.[2][3]
The Inner West LGA covers an area of 35 square kilometres (14 sq mi) and as at the 2021 census had an estimated population of 182,818.[1]
The Mayor of Inner West Council is Darcy Byrne, re-elected by the councillors on 8 October 2024. The most recent NSW local government election, on 14 September 2024, resulted in a Labor majority of 8 Councillors, for the second consecutive term.[4]
History
[edit]In the early 2010s, the New South Wales Government explored merging various local government areas to create larger councils within Sydney. In 2013, the Independent Local Government Review Panel (ILGRP) initially proposed a merger of the six inner west councils - Burwood, Strathfield, Canada Bay, Ashfield, Leichhardt and Marrickville, into a single council that would govern almost all of the inner west region.[5] Alternative mergers were also proposed, such as one between Auburn, Burwood and Canada Bay,[5] or between Burwood, Canada Bay, Strathfield and Ashfield.[6] The final proposal in the 2015 review of local government boundaries recommended that the Municipality of Ashfield, the Municipality of Leichhardt and the Marrickville Council merge to form a new council with an area of 35 square kilometres (14 sq mi) and support a population of approximately 186,000.[7] On 12 May 2016, Ashfield Council, Marrickville Council and the Municipality of Leichhardt merged to form the Inner West Council.[2]
Proposed de-amalgamation
[edit]In December 2021, a majority of voters in the Inner West LGA voted in favour of reversing the 2016 merger and separating the three pre-existing councils of Ashfield, Leichhardt and Marrickville.[8] The final declared results were: 62% yes and 38% no.[8]
In 2022, the council prepared a business case for de-amalgamation. In December 2022, Inner West Council prepared and submitted a final submission to the NSW Minister for Local Government.[8][9]
However in March 2024, the Minister for Local Government received the NSW Local Government Boundaries Commission’s report regarding the Council’s business case for de-amalgamation. The report recommended that the proposed de-amalgamation of Inner West Council should not proceed, stating this would be the best outcome for residents and ratepayers of the current local government area.[10]
Suburbs and localities in the local government area
[edit]Suburbs in the Inner West Council area are:[11]
- Annandale (shared with the City of Sydney)
- Ashfield
- Ashbury (shared with the City of Canterbury-Bankstown)
- Balmain
- Balmain East
- Birchgrove
- Camperdown (shared with the City of Sydney)
- Croydon (shared with Municipality of Burwood)
- Croydon Park (shared with the City of Canterbury-Bankstown and Municipality of Burwood)
- Dobroyd Point
- Dulwich Hill
- Enmore
- Haberfield
- Hurlstone Park (shared with the City of Canterbury-Bankstown)
- Leichhardt
- Lewisham
- Lilyfield
- Marrickville
- Newtown (shared with the City of Sydney)
- Petersham
- Rozelle
- St Peters (shared with the City of Sydney)
- Stanmore
- Summer Hill
- Sydenham
- Tempe
Demographics
[edit]At the 2021 census, there were 182,818 people in the Inner West local government area; of these 48.8 per cent were male and 51.2 per cent were female. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 1.2 per cent of the population; significantly below the NSW and Australian averages of 3.4 and 3.2 per cent respectively. The median age of people in Inner West Council was 38 years; same as the national median of 38 years. Children aged 0 – 14 years made up 14.6 per cent of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 14.1 per cent of the population. Of people in the area aged 15 years and over, 37.1 per cent were married and 10.7 per cent were either divorced or separated.[1]
At the 2021 census, the proportion of residents in the Inner West local government area who stated their ancestry as Australian or from Britain or Ireland was about 68 per cent of all residents. In excess of 49 per cent of all residents in Inner West Council nominated a no religious affiliation at the 2021 census, which was in excess of the national average of 38.4 per cent. Meanwhile, as at the census date, compared to the national average, households in the Inner West local government area had a higher than average proportion (42.9 per cent) where two or more languages are spoken (the national average was 31.8 per cent); and a lower proportion (69.8 per cent) where English only was spoken at home (national average was 72.0 per cent).[1]
Selected historical census data for Inner West Council local government area[a] | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Census year | 2021[1] | 2016[12] | 2011[13] | 2006[14] | 2001[15] | ||
Population | Estimated residents on census night | 182,818 | 182,043 | 263,560 | 168,323 | 155,456 | |
LGA rank in terms of size within New South Wales | 14th | ||||||
% of New South Wales population | 2.43% | ||||||
% of Australian population | 0.78% | ||||||
Estimated ATSI population on census night | 2,162 | 2,034 | 1,585 | 624 | 636 | ||
% of ATSI population to residents | 1.2% | 1.1% | 0.6 | 0.4% | 0.4% | ||
Cultural and language diversity | |||||||
Ancestry, top responses |
English | 29.9% | 21.0% | 16.6% | - | - | |
Australian | 24.4% | 16.7% | 15.7 | - | - | ||
Irish | 13.7% | 9.8% | 7.5% | - | - | ||
Scottish | 9.6% | 6.5% | - | - | - | ||
Chinese | 8.5% | 5.9% | 10.3% | - | - | ||
Language, top responses (other than English) |
Mandarin | 3.3% | 3.6% | 5.9% | 6.2% | 4.0% | |
Greek | 2.7% | 2.9% | 2.7% | - | 3.2% | ||
Italian | 2.2% | 2.8% | 5.7% | 7.6% | 9.0% | ||
Vietnamese | 2.0% | 2.0% | - | - | - | ||
Cantonese | 1.9% | 1.9% | 4.3% | 5.6% | 5.3% | ||
Religious affiliation | |||||||
Religious affiliation, top responses |
No religion, so described | 49.7% | 40.4% | 23.6% | 15.5% | 12.7% | |
Catholic | 20.5% | 22.4% | 31.9% | 36.2% | 38.8% | ||
Not stated | 5.4% | 10.7% | - | - | - | ||
Anglican | 5.8% | 7.1% | 9.6% | 10.0% | 12.1% | ||
Eastern Orthodox | 4.2% | 4.2% | 4.8% | 5.0% | 5.5%[b] | ||
Median weekly incomes | |||||||
Personal income | Median weekly personal income | $1,207 | $957 | $723 | $534 | - | |
% of Australian median income | 144.6% | ||||||
Family income | Median weekly family income | $3,155 | $2,498 | $1,985 | $1,456 | - | |
% of Australian median income | 144.1% | ||||||
Household income | Median weekly household income | $2,340 | $2,048 | $1,662 | $1,191 | - | |
% of Australian median income | 142.4% |
Council
[edit]The Inner West Council comprises fifteen Councillors elected proportionally, with three Councillors elected in five wards. On 9 September 2017, the current council was elected for a fixed three-year term of office (which was extended for twelve months in 2020 to December 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic);[16][2][11] the mayor is appointed biennially and deputy mayor annually by the councillors at the first meeting of the council.
Officeholders
[edit]Mayor | Term | Notes |
---|---|---|
Richard Pearson (Administrator) | 12 May 2016 – 21 September 2017 | [3] |
Darcy Byrne (ALP) | 21 September 2017 – 7 September 2021 | [17][18] Mayor of Leichhardt 2012–2014, 2015–2016. |
Rochelle Porteous (GRN) | 7 September 2021 – 29 December 2021 | [19][20][21] Mayor of Leichhardt 2011–2012, 2014–2015. |
Darcy Byrne (ALP) | 29 December 2021 – present | [22][23] |
Deputy Mayor | Term | Notes |
Julie Passas (Lib) | 21 September 2017 – 11 September 2018 | [17] Ashfield East Ward Councillor 2012–2016. |
Victor Macri (Ind) | 11 September 2018 – 10 September 2019 | [24] Mayor of Marrickville 2012–2013. |
Vittoria Raciti (Lib) | 10 September 2019 – 22 September 2020 | [25] Ashfield North East Ward Councillor 2012–2016. |
Victor Macri (Ind) | 22 September 2020 – 7 September 2021 | [26] Marrickville Ward Councillor 2017–2021. |
Pauline Lockie (Ind) | 7 September 2021 – 29 December 2021 | [19] |
Jessica D'Arienzo (ALP) | 29 December 2021 – 13 September 2022 | [22] |
Philippa Scott (ALP) | 13 September 2022 – 19 September 2023 | [27] |
Chloe Smith (ALP) | 19 September 2023 – 2024 | [23] |
Mat Howard (ALP) | 8 October 2024 - present | [23] |
General Manager/CEO[28] | Term | Notes |
Vanessa Chan | 12 May 2016 – 1 September 2016 | General Manager of Ashfield Council 2010–2016[3][29] |
Rik Hart | 9 September 2016 – 20 February 2019 | General Manager of Warringah Council 2007–2016[30] |
Michael Deegan | 20 February 2019 – 19 October 2020 | [31][32] |
Elizabeth Richardson (acting) | 19 October 2020 – 30 October 2020 | [33] |
Brian Barrett (acting) | 30 October 2020 – 9 April 2021 | General Manager of Marrickville Council 2013–2016[34][35] |
Elizabeth Richardson (acting) | 9 April 2021 – 3 May 2021 | [36] |
Peter Gainsford | 3 May 2021 – present | General Manager of the City of Canada Bay 2018–2021[37] |
Current composition
[edit]The most recent election was held on 14 September 2024, and the makeup of the council by order of election, is as follows:[38]
Party | Councillors | |
---|---|---|
Australian Labor Party | 8 | |
Greens NSW | 5 | |
Liberal Party | 1 | |
Independents | 1 | |
Total | 15 |
Ward | Councillor | Party | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ashfield – Djarrawunang (Magpie) Ward[39][40][41] | Izabella Antoniou | Greens | ||
Jo Carlisle | Labor | |||
Jessica D'Arienzo | Labor | Deputy Mayor 2021–2022.[22] | ||
Balmain – Baludarri (Leather Jacket) Ward[42][40][41] | Ismet Tastan | Greens | ||
Darcy Byrne | Labor | Elected 2017; Mayor 2017–2021, 2021–present;[17][18][22] | ||
Kerrie Fergusson | Labor | |||
Leichhardt – Gulgadya (Grass Tree) Ward[43][40][41] | Andrew Blake | Greens | ||
Philippa Scott | Labor | Deputy Mayor 2022–2023.[27] | ||
Vittoria Raciti | Liberal | |||
Marrickville – Midjuburi (Lillypilly) Ward[44][40][41] | Mat Howard | Labor | ||
Olivia Barlow | Greens | |||
Victor Macri | Independent | |||
Stanmore – Damun (Port Jackson Fig) Ward[45][40][41] | Liz Atkins | Greens | Elected 2021 | |
Chloe Smith | Labor | Deputy Mayor 2023–2024.[23] | ||
Vicki Clay | Labor |
Town halls
[edit]The Inner West Council owns and maintains the three seats of the three pre-merger councils, being Ashfield Town Hall, Petersham Town Hall and Leichhardt Town Hall. Since 2021, all Council meetings have been held at the Ashfield Service Centre. [1]
In addition, the Council also owns the Marrickville, Balmain and St Peters town halls, which were the seats of municipal councils that had existed prior to their merger into the immediate predecessor councils.[46]
Election results
[edit]2024
[edit]Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labor | 46,210 | 42.54 | +3.94 | 8 | |||
Greens | 37,024 | 34.08 | -1.20 | 5 | |||
Liberal | 16,490 | 15.18 | +8.68 [c] | 1 | |||
Independents | 8,690 | 8.00 | -7.30 | 1 | |||
Libertarian | 212 | 0.20 | +0.20 | 0 | new | ||
Formal votes | 108,626 | ||||||
Informal votes | 3,432 | ||||||
Total | 112,058 |
2021
[edit]The Liberal Party did not endorse any candidates, including its two councillors elected in 2017.[47]
Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labor | 40,113 | 38.6 | +4.7 | 8 | 3 | ||
Greens | 37,499 | 36.0 | +7.2 | 5 | |||
Independent | 15,967 | 15.3 | −2.7 | 2 | 1 | ||
Independent Liberal | 6,738 | 6.5 | −11.1[d] | 0 | 2[d] | ||
Community Independents | 1,195 | 1.1 | 0 | ||||
Community Independent | 898 | 0.9 | 0 | ||||
Animal Justice | 876 | 0.8 | +0.8 | 0 | |||
Socialist Alliance | 749 | 0.8 | –0.2 | 0 | |||
Formal votes | 104,035 | 96.49 | |||||
Informal votes | 3,795 | 3.51 | |||||
Total | 107,830 | 100.00 |
Past councillors
[edit]Ashfield–Djarrawunang Ward
[edit]Year | Councillor | Party | Councillor | Party | Councillor | Party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | Mark Drury | Labor | Tom Kiat | Greens | Julie Passas | Liberal | |||
2021 | Dylan Griffiths | Greens | Jessica D'Arienzo | Labor |
Balmain–Baludarri Ward
[edit]Year | Councillor | Party | Councillor | Party | Councillor | Party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | Darcy Byrne | Labor | Rochelle Porteous | Greens | John Stamolis | Independent | |||
2021 | Kobi Shetty | Greens |
Leichhardt–Gulgadya Ward
[edit]Year | Councillor | Party | Councillor | Party | Councillor | Party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | Lucille McKenna | Labor | Marghanita Da Cruz | Greens | Vittoria Raciti | Liberal | |||
2021 | Philippa Scott | Labor | Tim Stephens | Labor |
Marrickville–Midjuburi Ward
[edit]Year | Councillor | Party | Councillor | Party | Councillor | Party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | Sam Iskandar | Labor | Colin Hesse | Greens | Victor Macri | Independent | |||
2021 | Mat Howard | Labor | Justine Langford | Greens | Zoi Tsardoulias | Labor |
Stanmore–Damun Ward
[edit]Year | Councillor | Party | Councillor | Party | Councillor | Party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | Anna York | Labor | Louise Steer | Greens | Pauline Lockie | Independent | |||
2021 | Chloe Smith | Labor | Liz Atkins | Greens |
Culture
[edit]Inner West Library Service
[edit]The Inner West Library Service consists of a network of 8 libraries located within the Inner West Council boundaries. After the Inner West Council amalgamation, a new library management system was launched on 1 March 2019, with a soft launch in late February allowing members to borrow from all libraries in the service.[50][51][52]
The libraries of the Inner West Library Service include:[53]
- Ashfield Library
- Balmain Library
- Emmanuel Tsardoulias Community Dulwich Hill Library
- Haberfield Library
- Leichhardt Library
- Marrickville Library
- Stanmore Library
- St Peters/Sydenham Library
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Inner West was known in the Census as a Statistical Area Level 4 in 2011, and known as a Statistical Subdivision in 2006 and prior.
- ^ Eastern Orthodox was known simply as Orthodox in the 2001 Census.
- ^ Compared to the Independent Liberal result in 2021.
- ^ a b Compared with the Liberal Party result at the 2017 election.[47]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Inner West". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
- ^ a b c d "Inner West Council". Stronger Councils. Government of New South Wales. 12 May 2016. Archived from the original on 15 March 2018. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ^ a b c "Local Government (Council Amalgamations) Proclamation 2016 [NSW] - Schedule 9 - Provisions for Inner West Council" (PDF). Parliament of New South Wales. 2012. p. 21. Archived from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
- ^ https://www.innerwest.nsw.gov.au/about/news/media-releases/2024-media-releases/new-inner-west-council-sworn-in-and-mayor-darcy-byrne-re-elected
- ^ a b Merger Proposal: Burwood Council, City of Canada Bay Council, Strathfield Municipal Council Archived 4 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine, January 2016
- ^ Strathfield Council rejects proposal to merge with Burwood, Ashfield and Canada Bay, 26 April 2013
- ^ "Merger proposal: Ashfield Council, Leichhardt Municipal Council, and Marrickville Council" (PDF). Government of New South Wales. January 2016. p. 7. Retrieved 18 February 2016.[permanent dead link ]
- ^ a b c Hore, Allison (16 February 2022). "Inner West Council moves on demerger". Inner West Review. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
- ^ "De-amalgamation". Inner West Council. 9 January 2024. Archived from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
- ^ "De-amalgamation - Inner West Council".
- ^ a b "Community profile". Inner West Council. 6 November 2023. Archived from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
It includes the following suburbs: Annandale, Ashfield, Balmain (including Balmain East), Birchgrove, Dobroyd Point, Dulwich Hill, Enmore, Haberfield, Leichhardt, Lewisham, Lilyfield, Marrickville, Petersham, Rozelle, Stanmore, St Peters, Summer Hill, Sydenham, Tempe and parts of: Ashbury, Camperdown, Croydon, Croydon Park, Hurlstone Park and Newtown.
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Inner West (A)". 2016 Census QuickStats.
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Sydney - Inner West". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Inner Western Sydney". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (19 November 2002). "2001 Community Profiles: Inner Western Sydney". 2001 Census of Population and Housing. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
- ^ "Report on the conduct of the 2021 NSW Local Government elections" (PDF). New South Wales Electoral Commission. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
The elections in 2020 were originally scheduled to be held on Saturday, 12 September 2020. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, however, the then Minister for Local Government announced the postponement of these elections, first to 4 September 2021 and subsequently to 4 December 2021.
- ^ a b c Visentin, Lisa (21 September 2017). "Labor wins inner west mayoralty after power-sharing deal with Liberals". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
- ^ a b "Darcy Byrne re-elected as Inner West Mayor" (Press release). Inner West Council. 10 September 2018. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ a b "New Mayor and Deputy Mayor" (Press release). Inner West Council. 8 September 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ Gorrey, Megan (7 September 2021). "Inner West councillors oust controversial Labor mayor Darcy Byrne". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
- ^ "Inner West Council mayor Darcy Byrne replaced ahead of December elections". ABC News. 7 September 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d Maguire, Sarah; Hore, Allison (29 December 2021). "Darcy Byrne wins election as inner west mayor". Inner West Review. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
- ^ a b c d "Minutes of Ordinary Council Meeting held on 19 September 2023" (PDF). Inner West Council. 19 September 2023. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
- ^ "New Deputy Mayor for Inner West Council" (Press release). Inner West Council. 12 September 2018. Retrieved 30 September 2018.
- ^ "Cr Vittoria Raciti new Deputy Mayor of Inner West" (Press release). Inner West Council. 10 September 2018. Retrieved 11 September 2019.
- ^ "Minutes of Ordinary Council Meeting on 22 September 2020" (PDF). Inner West Council. 22 September 2020. p. 2. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ a b "Minutes of Ordinary Council Meeting held on 13 September 2022 at Ashfield Service Centre" (PDF). Inner West Council. 13 September 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
- ^ Known as the Chief Executive Officer until 30 October 2020.
- ^ Barwell, David (2 September 2016). "Inner West Council general manager Vanessa Chan resigns less than four months into the role". Inner West Courier. Archived from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2017 – via The Daily Telegraph.
- ^ "Experienced GM to step in at Inner West Council" (Media Release). Inner West Council. 9 September 2016. Retrieved 21 September 2017.
- ^ "Michael Deegan appointed new Inner West CEO" (Press release). Inner West Council. 20 February 2019. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ Thompson, Angus (21 October 2020). "Inner West Council CEO Michael Deegan resigns". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ "Minutes of Ordinary Council Meeting on 27 October 2020" (PDF). Inner West Council. 27 October 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ "New acting General Manager for Inner West" (Press release). Inner West Council. 30 October 2020. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ Thompson, Angus (30 March 2021). "'Enormous betrayal': Inner West GM resigns after Dawn Fraser Baths referral". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ "Minutes of Ordinary Council Meeting on 13 April 2021" (PDF). Inner West Council. 13 April 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ "New General Manager for Inner West Council" (Press release). Inner West Council. 6 April 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
- ^ Maguire, Sarah (20 December 2021). "Labor picks up three seats for outright majority on Inner West Councill". Inner West Review. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
- ^ "Inner West - Ashfield - Djarrawunang (Magpie) Ward". NSW Local Council Elections 2021. NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
- ^ a b c d e "Council Wards to Adopt Aboriginal Names". Inner West Council. 14 December 2018. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
- ^ a b c d e "Inner West Council Ward Map". Inner West Council. 14 December 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
- ^ "Inner West - Balmain - Baludarri (Leather Jacket) Ward". NSW Local Council Elections 2021. NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
- ^ "Inner West - Leichhardt - Gulgadya (Grass Tree) Ward". NSW Local Council Elections 2021. NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
- ^ "Inner West - Marrickville - Midjuburi (Lillypilly) Ward". NSW Local Council Elections 2021. NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
- ^ "Inner West - Stanmore - Damun (Port Jackson Fig) Ward". NSW Local Council Elections 2021. NSW Electoral Commission. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
- ^ Inner West Council - Town Halls
- ^ a b c "Inner West". ABC News.
- ^ "Inner West council election, 2021". The Tally Room. 5 May 2021.
- ^ "Balmain candidates – NSW election 2019". The South Sydney Herald. 6 March 2019.
- ^ "Collections - Libraries". Inner West Council. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
- ^ "Library Fine Amnesty and Transition to New Services". Inner West Council. 13 February 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
- ^ "Inner West Council: Library & History Catalogue Home". Inner West Council. Inner West Council Library & History. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
- ^ "Locations and Opening Hours". Inner West Council. Retrieved 12 January 2019.