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Industry of Croatia

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Industry of Croatia
Čakovec-East Industrial Zone, Međimurje County, northern Croatia, with factories and facilities for processing poultry, production of textile garments, for processing cereals, aluminium casts, etc.
Main industries Machinery and equipment, shipbuilding, petrochemicals, electricity, electronics, wood industry and furniture, pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, cement and construction, chemical and plastics industry, textiles, footwear and leather production
Industrial growth rate -3.4% (2020)[1]
Labour force 18.5% of total employment (2015)
GDP of sector 21.5% of total GDP (2020)[2]

Industry of Croatia plays an important role in the country's economy. It has a longstanding tradition based since the 19th century on agriculture, forestry and mining. Many industrial branches developed at that time, like wood industry, food manufacturing, potash production, shipbuilding, leather and footwear production, textile industry, and others. Today, the industrial sectors in Croatia are food and beverage industry (approx. 24% of total manufacturing industry revenue), metal processing and machine industry, including vehicles (20%), coke and refined petroleum production (17%), chemical, pharmaceutical, rubber and plastics industry (11%), wood, furniture and paper manufacturing (9%), electrical equipment, electronics and optics fabrication (9%), textile, clothing and footwear industry (5%) as well as construction and building materials production (5%).

In the structure of Croatian Gross domestic product (GDP) in 2015, industry's share was 21.2%. Industry's export reached around 10 billion euros in 2015, representing 94.5% of total export. In the same year the industrial production growth rate was 2.6%.[3]

Overview

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Industrial production in Croatia has a most important place in total production. It includes machinery, tools, various fabricated metal products, ships and boats, mineral oils and distillates, timber products, furniture and bed equipment, military hardware, clothing and footwear with accessories, cement, bricks and other building materials, etc. There is also a notable production in energy sector, mining and water supply.

During the process of transition (in the 1990s and later) many companies were closed down, or were damaged during the Croatian War of Independence. It happened mostly to firms of timber, metal and textile branches. Some industries, however, recovered and achieved later remarkable results. Significant production level has been reached in the construction and energy-related activities as well. A great number of companies has been very active in foreign trade.

During the Great Recession, Croatian industry suffered from a decline of production output, revenue growth at a slower pace and increased unemployment. The share of industry in the whole economy sank from year to year; in 2010, for instance, industry accounted for 28.1% of activity. Negative trends were changed not earlier than in 2014, as the industrial production achieved a small rate of growth of 1.3%[4] in comparison with the year before.

In period from 2014 to 2017 industry production grew by 10.8% with average annual growth of 2.7%.[4][3][5][6]

The annual growth rate of industry production in 2016 rose by 5%.[5] The fastest growth of production in 2016 was recorded by electrical equipment production sector (22.2% in comparison with previous year). At the same time, some industrial branches generated decline of production.

The share of labour force in industry in 2015 was 18.5% of overall employment in Croatia, showing at the same time trends with negative lines.

In 2020 industry production fell by 3.4% in comparison with previous year. In the first half of 2021, industry production grew by 9.6% in comparison to the same period of the previous year.

Industry by counties

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The biggest industrial centres in the Republic of Croatia are Zagreb, Rijeka, Split, Osijek and Varaždin. The share of industrial production output of Croatian counties ranges from over 20% in the City of Zagreb (followed by approx. 11% in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, 8% in Zagreb County and Varaždin County) to only 0.5% in Lika-Senj County.[7]

Countries with biggest share of industry in GDP in 2018 were Međimurje County (43.5%), Varaždin County (41.7%) and Krapina-Zagorje County (41.3%), while county with lowest share of industry was Dubrovnik-Neretva County (5.2%).

Share of industry in GDP of Counties of Croatia (% of GDP, 2018)
Share of industry in GDP of Counties of Croatia (% of GDP, 2018)
County Share of industry in GDP
Bjelovar-Bilogora 20.7
Brod-Posavina 26.5
Dubrovnik-Neretva 5.2
Istria 18.6
Karlovac 30.9
Koprivnica-Križevci 30.1
Krapina-Zagorje 41.3
Lika-Senj 11.5
Međimurje 43.5
Osijek-Baranja 21.4
Požega-Slavonia 22.1
Primorje-Gorski Kotar 26.1
Sisak-Moslavina 30.8
Split-Dalmatia 11.0
Šibenik-Knin 15.2
Varaždin 41.7
Virovitica-Podravina 22.6
Vukovar-Syrmia 19.0
Zadar 11.1
Zagreb County 28.1
City of Zagreb 13.2
Source: Croatian Bureau of Statistics[7]

Croatian industry's share of 21.2% of the country's 2015 GDP makes it the second largest sector of the economy after services. Its expected growth is based on larger consumption and foreign investments. Some of the significant investment projects into the energy and environmental protection sector have already been finalized lately.

Industry production growth 2005–2020

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Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2005-2020 Average annual growth
Growth (in %) 5.1 4.5 5.6 1.6 -9.2 -1.5 -1.2 -5.5 -2.0 1.3 2.7 5.0 1.9 -0.3 0.5 -3.4 5.1 0.3
Source: Croatian Bureau of Statistics[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][4][3][5][6][17][18][1]

Mines and smelters

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See also: Mineral industry of Croatia

As early as 1914 Tvonica Karbida I Ferolegura Dalmacija owned a ferrochromium smelter in Dugi Rat.[19][20]

The Boris Kidric aluminum smelter at Šibenik was completely destroyed as a result of the war for independence that erupted in 1991.[21]

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Bakar industrial bulk
cargo port facilities,
Primorje-Gorski Kotar County
Aluminium
castings factory in Čakovec,
Međimurje County

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE TE INDEKSI ZALIHA, ZAPOSLENIH OSOBA I PROIZVODNOSTI RADA U INDUSTRIJI U PROSINCU 2020./INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDEX AND INDICES OF..." Archived from the original on 2021-01-29. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  2. ^ "Industry (Including construction), value added (% of GDP) - Croatia | Data". Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  3. ^ a b c "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE TE INDEKSI ZALIHA, ZAPOSLENIH OSOBA I PROIZVODNOSTI RADA U INDUSTRIJI U PROSINCU 2015., PRVI REZULTATI/INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDE..." Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  4. ^ a b c "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE TE INDEKSI ZALIHA, ZAPOSLENIH OSOBA I PROIZVODNOSTI RADA U INDUSTRIJI U PROSINCU 2014., PRVI REZULTATI/INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDEX..." Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  5. ^ a b c "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE TE INDEKSI ZALIHA, ZAPOSLENIH OSOBA I PROIZVODNOSTI RADA U INDUSTRIJI U PROSINCU 2016., PRVI REZULTATI/INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDEX AND INDICES OF STOCKS, PERSONS EMPLOYED AND LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN INDUSTRY, D". www.dzs.hr. Archived from the original on 2017-03-12. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  6. ^ a b "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE TE INDEKSI ZALIHA, ZAPOSLENIH OSOBA I PROIZVODNOSTI RADA U INDUSTRIJI U PROSINCU 2017./INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDEX AND INDICES OF ..." Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  7. ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE U PROSINCU 2005". www.dzs.hr. Archived from the original on 2011-11-15. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  9. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE U PROSINCU 2006., PRVI REZULTATI". www.dzs.hr. Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  10. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE U PROSINCU 2007., PRVI REZULTATI". www.dzs.hr. Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  11. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE U PROSINCU 2008., PRVI REZULTATI". www.dzs.hr. Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  12. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE U PROSINCU 2009., PRVI REZULTATI". www.dzs.hr. Archived from the original on 2011-11-14. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  13. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE UKUPNO I PREMA AGREGATIMA GIG-a 2009. U PROSINCU 2010., PRVI REZULTATI/INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDEX, TOTAL AND ACCORDING TO MIGs 2009., DECEMBER 2010, FIRST RESULTS". www.dzs.hr. Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  14. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE TE INDEKSI ZALIHA, ZAPOSLENIH OSOBA I PROIZVODNOSTI RADA U INDUSTRIJI U PROSINCU 2011., PRVI REZULTATI/INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDEX..." Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  15. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE TE INDEKSI ZALIHA, ZAPOSLENIH OSOBA I PROIZVODNOSTI RADA U INDUSTRIJI U PROSINCU 2012., PRVI REZULTATI/INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDE..." Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  16. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE TE INDEKSI ZALIHA, ZAPOSLENIH OSOBA I PROIZVODNOSTI RADA U INDUSTRIJI U PROSINCU 2013., PRVI REZULTATI/INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDEX..." Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  17. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE TE INDEKSI ZALIHA, ZAPOSLENIH OSOBA I PROIZVODNOSTI RADA U INDUSTRIJI U RUJNU 2018./INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDEX AND INDICES OF STO..." Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  18. ^ "INDEKS OBUJMA INDUSTRIJSKE PROIZVODNJE TE INDEKSI ZALIHA, ZAPOSLENIH OSOBA I PROIZVODNOSTI RADA U INDUSTRIJI U PROSINCU 2019./INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION VOLUME INDEX AND INDICES OF..." Archived from the original on 2021-09-01. Retrieved 2021-09-01.
  19. ^ "(Facility) Dugi Rat Dalmatia Smelter". USGS. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  20. ^ Oreščanin, Višnja; Mikelić, Luka; Lovrenčić, Ivanka; Barišić, Delko; Mikulić, Nenad; Lulić, Stipe (2006). "Environmental Contamination Assessment of the Surroundings of the Ex-Ferrochromium Smelter Dugi Rat, Croatia". Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A. 41 (11): 2547–2555. doi:10.1080/10934520600927898. PMID 17000545. S2CID 31081570.
  21. ^ Steblez, Walter G. "THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF CROATIA" (PDF). Minerals Information. USGS. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-07-14. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
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