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England in 1086 showing hundreds, wapentakes and wards

Most of the counties of England were divided into hundreds or wapentakes from the late Anglo-Saxon period and these were, with a few exceptions, effectively abandoned as administrative divisions in the 19th century.[1]

Bedfordshire

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Hundreds of Bedfordshire in 1832
Main article: Hundreds of Bedfordshire

Berkshire

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Hundreds of Berkshire in 1832

The County of Berkshire comprised 20 hundreds and 193 parishes and parts of four others.[2] From The National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868), Victoria County History Berkshire Vol 3 (1923)[3] & Vol 4 (1924)[4]

The Hundreds, Parishes and Boroughs of Berkshire
Hundred Area (acres) Parishes and Boroughs
Beynhurst 13,000 Bisham, Hurley, Remenham, Shottesbrook, White Waltham
Bray 9,102 Bray, Borough of Maidenhead
Charlton 12,940 Barkham, Finchampstead, Hurst, Shinfield, Swallowfield
Compton 18,190 Aldworth, Catmore, Chilton, Compton, East Ilsley, Farnborough, West Ilsley
Cookham 14,330 Binfield, Cookham, Sunninghill
Faircross 50,000 Beedon, Boxford, Bright Walton, Brimpton, Chieveley, Frilsham, Hampstead Norris, Borough of Newbury, Peasemore, Sandleford, Shaw cum Donnington, Speen, Stanford Dingley, Wasing, Welford, Yattendon
Faringdon[2] 10,000 Great Coxwell, Great Faringdon (part)[5] Parishes of the hundred were transferred to Oxfordshire on 1 April 1974.
Ganfield 17,000 Buckland, Hatford, Hinton Waldrist, Longworth, Pusey, Shellingford, Stanford in the Vale
Hormer 21,550 Borough of Abingdon, Bagley Wood, Besselsleigh, Cumnor, North Hinksey, Radley, St Helen (part), Seacourt, South Hinksey, Sunningwell, Wytham
Kintbury Eagle 42,560 Formed in the 16th century by combining parishes of the hundred of Kintbury (Avington, Enborne, Hampstead Marshall, Hungerford, Inkpen, Kintbury, Shalbourne, West Woodhay) and parishes of the hundred of Eagle (Chaddleworth, East Challow, East Shefford, Fawley with Whatcombe, Letcombe Bassett, Letcombe Regis, West Challow, West Shefford). Parts of Hungerford and Shalbourne parishes were in the hundred of Kinwardstone[6] in Wiltshire.[7] The Berkshire portions of Shalbourne were transferred to Wiltshire in 1895.[8][9]
Lambourn 19,400 East Garston, Lambourn
Moreton 28,700 Ashampstead, Aston Tirrold, Basildon, Brightwell, Didcot, East Hagbourne, Harwell, Moulsford, North Moreton, Sotwell, South Moreton, Streatley, Borough of Wallingford, West Hagbourne
Ock 28,250 Appleton, Drayton, Fyfield, Kingston Bagpuize, Marcham, Milton, Steventon, Sutton Courtney, Tubney, Little Wittenham, Long Wittenham
Reading 37,510 Blewbury, Bucklebury, Cholsey, Pangbourne, Borough of Reading, Sulhampstead Abbots, Thatcham, Tilehurst
Ripplesmere 22,710 Clewer, Easthampstead, Old Windsor, Winkfield, Borough of Windsor[10]
Shrivenham 34,490 Ashbury, Buscot, Coleshill, Compton Beauchamp, Eaton Hastings, Shrivenham, Uffington
Sonning 21,830 Arborfield, Ruscombe, Sandhurst, Sonning, Wokingham
Theale 28,160 Aldermaston, Bradfield, Burghfield, Englefield, Padworth, Purley, Stratfield Mortimer, Sulham, Sulhampstead Bannister, Tidmarsh, Ufton Nervet, Woolhampton
Wantage 28,160 Ardington, Childrey, Denchworth, East Garston, East Hendred, East Lockinge, Sparsholt, West Hanney, West Hendred, West Lockinge, Wantage
Wargrave 11,220 Waltham St. Laurence, Warfield, Wargrave

Buckinghamshire

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Buckinghamshire Hundreds in 1832

Until at least the time of the Domesday Survey in 1086 there were 18 hundreds in Buckinghamshire.[11] It has been suggested however that neighbouring hundreds had already become more closely associated in the 11th century so that by the end of the 14th century the original or ancient hundreds had been consolidated into 8 larger hundreds.[12]

Chiltern Hundreds

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Cambridgeshire

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Main article: Hundreds of Cambridgeshire
Hundreds of Cambridgeshire in 1832

Cambridgeshire was divided into 17 hundreds, plus the borough of Cambridge. Each hundred had a separate council that met each month to rule on local judicial and taxation matters. In 1929 the hundreds contained the following parishes.[13][14]

Hundred Area (acres) Parishes
Armingford 29287 Abington Pigotts, Bassingbourn, Croydon, East Hatley, Guilden Morden, Litlington, Melbourn, Meldreth, Royston (part), Shingay, Steeple Morden, Tadlow, Wendy, Whaddon
Chesterton 15847 Chesterton, Childerley, Cottenham, Dry Drayton, Histon
Cheveley 12905 Ashley, Cheveley, Kirtling, Newmarket All Saints, Wood Ditton
Chilford 22364 Babraham, Bartlow, Castle Camps, Great Abington, Hildersham, Horseheath, Linton, Little Abington, Pampisford, Shudy Camps, West Wickham
Ely 42667 Downham, Littleport
Flendish 11906 Cherry Hinton, Fen Ditton, Fulbourn, Horningsea, Teversham
Longstow 25500 Bourn, Caldecote, Caxton, Croxton, Eltisley, Gamlingay, Great Eversden, Hardwick, Hatley St. George, Kingston, Little Eversden, Little Gransden, Longstowe, Toft
North Witchford 86275 Chatteris, Doddington, March, Whittlesey
Northstow 19651 Girton, Impington, Landbeach, Lolworth, Longstanton, Madingley, Milton, Oakington, Rampton, Waterbeach
Papworth 26923 Boxworth, Conington, Elsworth, Fen Drayton, Graveley, Knapwell, Over, Papworth St Agnes, Papworth Everard, Swavesey, Willingham
Radfield 23869 Balsham, Brinkley, Burrough Green, Carlton-cum-Willingham, Dullingham, Stetchworth, West Wratting, Westley Waterless, Weston Colville
South Witchford 37462 Coveney, Grunty Fen, Haddenham, Manea, Mepal, Sutton, Stretham and Thetford,[15] Welches Dam, Wentworth, Wilburton, Witcham, Witchford
Staine 18917 Bottisham, Great Wilbraham, Little Wilbraham, Swaffham Bulbeck, Swaffham Prior, Stow-cum-Quy
Staploe 40775 Burwell, Chippenham, Fordham, Isleham, Kennett, Landwade, Snailwell, Soham, Wicken
Thriplow 16160 Fowlmere, Foxton, Great Shelford, Harston, Hauxton, Little Shelford, Newton, Stapleford, Thriplow, Trumpington
Wetherley 16160 Arrington, Barrington, Barton, Comberton, Coton, Grantchester, Harlton, Haslingfield, Orwell, Shepreth, Wimpole
Whittlesford 11078 Duxford, Hinxton, Ickleton, Sawston, Whittlesford
Wisbech 61157 Elm, Leverington, Newton, Outwell, Parson Drove, Thorney, Tydd St. Giles, Upwell, Wisbech, Wisbech St. Mary

Cheshire

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Hundreds of Cheshire in 1832
Main article: Hundreds of Cheshire

From Harris, B. E., and Thacker, A. T. (1987). The Victoria History of the County of Chester. (Volume 1: Physique, Prehistory, Roman, Anglo-Saxon, and Domesday). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-722761-9.

Cornwall

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Main article: Hundreds of Cornwall

In Cornwall, the name calqued cantrev

Hundreds of Cornwall in 1832

From GENUKI Genuki: Cornwall, Cornwall

For some purposes, the Isles of Scilly were counted as a tenth hundred.

Cumberland

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Map of Cumberland showing wards, 1824

Cumberland was divided into wards, analogous to hundreds. From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland Genuki: CUMBERLAND, England – History and Description, 1868, Cumberland

Derbyshire

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Main article: Hundreds of Derbyshire
Map of the County of Derbyshire in 1832

The civil divisions of Derbyshire were anciently called wapentakes. In the Domesday Survey of 1086 are mentioned the wapentakes of Scarvedale, Hamestan, Morlestan, Walecross, and Apultre, and a district called Peche-fers.[16] Divided into hundreds by 1273. From GENUKI Genuki: DERBYSHIRE, England – History and Description, 1868, Derbyshire (based on the 1868 Gazette):

  • High Peak—Hamestan wapentake and perhaps Peche-fers district in 1086; Peck wapentake by 1273.
  • Wirksworth—Called a wapentake as late as 1817.
  • Scarsdale
  • Morleston and Litchurch—Called in the Domesday Survey of 1086, Morlestan or Morleystone wapentake and Littlechurch wapentake,[17] and in the Hundred-Roll of 1273, Littlechirch; by 1300 combined as the hundred of Morleston and Litchurch.[18]
  • Appletree
  • Repton and Gresley—In 1274 formed the separate wapentakes of Repindon and Greselegh (owned by the King and the heirs of the Earl of Chester respectively); in 1086 the large Walecross wapentake.

Devon

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Devon Hundreds in 1832

In 1850 there were thirty-two hundreds in Devon according to White's History, Gazetteer, and Directory of Devonshire[19]

Dorset

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Dorset Hundreds in 1834
Main article: List of hundreds in Dorset

County Durham

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County Durham was divided into wards, analogous to hundreds. From an 1840 map of County Durham Genuki: Co Durham in 1840, Durham.

Essex

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Essex Hundreds in 1832
Main article: Hundreds of Essex

According to essex1841.com Hundreds in the  Essex 1841 census the 1841 census also recorded Harwich hundred, which the Victoria County History places within Tendring.

Gloucestershire

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Gloucestershire Hundreds in 1832

The thirty-nine hundreds mentioned in the Domesday Survey and the thirty-one hundreds of the Hundred Rolls of 1274 differ very widely in name and extent both from each other and from the twenty-eight hundreds of the present day. From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland Genuki: Miscellaneous Places, Gloucestershire, Gloucestershire

The Duchy of Lancaster (Gloucestershire) liberty was sometimes counted as a hundred.

Hampshire

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The Domesday Survey mentions 44 hundreds in Hampshire,[23] recorded as HanteScire and abbreviated as Hante.[24] By the 14th century the number had been reduced to 37. The hundreds of East Medina and West Medina in the Isle of Wight are mentioned in 1316. The Isle of Wight obtained a county council of its own in 1890 and became a full ceremonial county in 1974.

Hampshire has in the past been named Southamptonshire and is so recorded in the Commonwealth Instrument of Government, 1653. The name of the administrative county was changed from 'County of Southampton' to 'County of Hampshire' on 1 April 1959. The short form of the name, often used in postal addresses, is Hants.

The 44 Domesday-era hundreds were: Amesbury, Andover, Ashley, Barton, Basingstoke, Bermondspit, Bosbarrow, Bosham, Bountisborough, Bowcombe, Brightford, Broughton, Buddlesgate, Calbourne, Chalton, Charldon, Chuteley, Crondall, Droxford, East Meon, Edgegate, Evingar, Falemere, Fareham, Farringdon, Fawley, Fordingbridge, Hoddington, Holdshott, Hurstbourne, Kingsclere, Mansbridge, Meonstoke, Micheldever, Neatham, Odiham, Overton, Portsdown, Redbridge, Ringwood, Somborne, Titchfield, Waltham, Welford

Hampshire Hundreds in 1832

In the 19th century, the hundreds were listed as:

Herefordshire

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The hundreds mentioned in the Domesday Survey and the hundreds of the Hundred Rolls of 1274 differ very widely in name and extent both from each other and from the ten hundreds of the present day. Not included in the hundreds of Herefordshire at the time of Domesday, the sparsely populated Welch area of Archenfield included Ashe Ingen, Baysham and Kings Caple.[26]

From Domesday (1086):

Herefordshire hundreds in 1755

From The National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868) Genuki: Miscellaneous Places, Herefordshire, Herefordshire

Hertfordshire

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Hertfordshire Hundreds in 1832

(Danais & Tring added as per History of Hertfordshire)[48]

Huntingdonshire

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Main article: Hundreds of Huntingdonshire

Kent

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Kent Hundreds in 1832

From Kent Genealogy Kent Genealogy England. Early Medieval Kent was traditionally divided into East and West Kent, and into lathes and hundreds.

The hundreds contained parishes and portions of parishes. In many regions of England as well as Kent, an entire parish would be within one hundred, yet especially along rivers and estuaries which had previously seen invasion, the Kentish hundreds were smaller in area and "shared" parishes to institutionalize resiliency and collective responsibility for defence and justice.

East Kent

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Lathe of St. Augustine

Lathe of Scraye

Lathe of Scraye formed by mid-1200s from the half lathe of Milton (which consisted of the hundred of Milton and the Isle of Sheppey) and the Lathe of Wye (which consisted of the Isle of Harty (which is conjoined to the Isle of Sheppey) and many additional hundreds.

  • Teynham (included the parish of Eastchurch on the Isle of Sheppey)
  • Wye

Due to a judicial administrative reform in the mid-19th century, the some hundreds of the Lathe of Scray were moved from East Kent administration to West Kent administration:

Lathe of Shepway

The Lathe of Shepway also included the Cinque Port Liberty of New Romney in Romney Marsh,[49] with the parish of Lydd as a limb of the Liberty.

West Kent

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Lathe of Sutton at Hone

Lathe of Aylesford

plus the Lowey of Tonbridge

Lathe of Scraye (part)

In 1857 the provisions of the Act of 9 Geo. IV were invoked to re-examine the whole structure of Lathes and their divisions in providing for the administration of justice. The Lower Division of the Lathe of Scray, which formed the southernmost part of the Lathe, became part of West Kent, and consisted of the following Hundreds:

Lancashire

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Lancashire Hundreds in 1834

Leicestershire

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Leicestershire was originally divided into four wapentakes, but these were usually later described as hundreds. From the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica[50] after 1346 the six hundreds were:

In the Domesday Book, West Goscote and East Goscote made up just Goscote and Sparkenhoe did not yet exist. The division which brought East and West Goscote and Sparkenhoe into existence was made in 1346.

Lincolnshire

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Lincolnshire Wapentakes in 1832

Lincolnshire was divided into three Parts, each of which was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds.

From map on Lincolnshire County Council website:[51]

Parts of Holland
Parts of Kesteven
Parts of Lindsey
North Riding of Lindsey
South Riding of Lindsey
West Riding of Lindsey

Middlesex

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See also: List of places in Middlesex

Norfolk

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Main article: Hundreds of Norfolk

[56]

Northamptonshire

[edit]

In 1086, there were 39 hundreds in the county:[57] Alboldstow, Alwardsley, Barcheston, Beltisloe, Bloxham, Bumbelowe, Cleyley, Coleshill, Collingtree, Corby, Cuttlestone, Fawsley (Foxley), Gravesend (later absorbed into Fawsley Hundred),[58] Guilsborough, Hamfordshoe, Higham, Hunesberi, Huxloe, Kirtlington, Mawsley, Navisford, Navisland, Ness, Nobottle, Offlow, Orlingbury, Polebrook, Rothwell, Spelhoe, Stoke (By the time of the 'Nomina Villarum' a survey carried out in the first half of the 12th century, the Stoke Hundred had been absorbed into the Corby Hundred),[59] Stotfold, Sutton, Towcester, Upton, Warden, Willybrook, Witchley, Wootton and Wymersley.

From the Northamptonshire Family History Society[60] the hundreds in the 1800s are:

The liberty and Soke of Peterborough was sometimes called Nassaburgh hundred.

Northumberland

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Following the Harrying of the North and subsequent incursions from Scotland, the high sheriff of Northumberland was granted extraordinary powers. The county was subdivided into baronies, which were arranged in six wards and subdivided into constabularies.[63] The wards were analogous to hundreds. From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland (1868) GENUKI: The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland (1868) – Northumberland

Nottinghamshire

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Nottinghamshire Wapentakes in 1832

Nottinghamshire was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds. From the Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire The Thoroton Society of Nottinghamshire: Nottinghamshire

Oxfordshire

[edit]

From[66]

Rutland

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See also: History of Rutland § Modern history
Map of Rutland; by George Carrington Gray (1824)

Shropshire

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See also: History of Shropshire § Hundreds
Shropshire Hundreds in 1832

From GENUKI[83]

  • Oswestry (Upper & Lower Divisions)
  • Overs (in two detached parts)
  • Pimhill (Baschurch & Ellesmere Divisions)
  • Purslow (Bishop's Castle & Stow Divisions)
  • Shrewsbury‡ (Castle Ward, Stone Ward & Welsh Ward Divisions)
  • Stottesdon (Chelmarsh & Cleobury Divisions)
  • Wenlock‡ (First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth & Seventh Divisions)

† — including the Shropshire exclave of Halesowen ‡ The liberties of the borough of Shrewsbury and priory/borough of Wenlock were extensive and are usually considered as hundreds (Wenlock was sometimes described as the "franchise of Wenlock").[85]

Somerset

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Hundreds of Somerset in 1832

From the National Gazetteer of Britain and Ireland

Staffordshire

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Hundreds of Staffordshire in 1832

From GENUKI[86]

Suffolk

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Main article: Hundreds of Suffolk

[87]

Surrey

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Map of Surrey; by Wenceslaus Hollar (17th century)

There are thirteen hundreds and a half-hundred:

Sussex

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Sussex Hundreds in 1834

Sussex was divided into rapes, and then hundreds.

Arundel Rape

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Main article: Rape of Arundel

The Arundel Rape covered nearly all of what is now West Sussex until about 1250, when it was split into two rapes the Arundel Rape and the Chichester Rape.[88] In 1834 it contained five hundreds sub-divided into fifty six parishes.[89]

Bramber Rape

[edit]
Main article: Rape of Bramber

The Bramber Rape lies between the Rape of Arundel in the west and Lewes in the east. In 1834 it contained 40 parishes[90] in the following hundreds:

as well as 3 half hundreds

  • East Easwrith
  • Fishersgate
  • Wyndham

Chichester Rape

[edit]
Main article: Rape of Chichester

The combined Chichester and Arundel Rape covered nearly all of what is now West Sussex until about 1250, when it was split into two rapes the Arundel Rape and the Chichester Rape.[88] In 1834 it contained seven hundreds and seventy-four parishes.[91]

Hastings Rape

[edit]
Main article: Rape of Hastings

Medieval sources talk of a group of people who were separate to that of the South Saxons they were known as the Haestingas. The area of Sussex they occupied became the Rape of Hastings.[92] It encompassed the easternmost part of Sussex, with the county of Kent to its east and the Rape of Pevensey to its west. The Anglo-Saxon hundred of Hailesaltede[93] was later partitioned into Battle Hundred and Netherfield Hundred. In 1833, the Rape of Hastings had 13 hundreds giving a total of about 154,060 acres.[94]

Lewes Rape

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Main article: Rape of Lewes

The Rape of Lewes is bounded by the Rape of Bramber on its west and the Rape of Pevensey on its east. Although it had the same amount of hundreds in 1833 as in the Domesday survey, there had been some cases of manors and parishes been taken from one and added to another hundred, and in other cases the hundreds had been divided and lost.[95]

Pevensey Rape

[edit]
Main article: Rape of Pevensey

The Pevensey Rape lies between the Rapes of Lewes and Hastings. In 1833 it contained 19 hundreds and 52 parishes[96]

Warwickshire

[edit]
Warwickshire in 1832

Warwickshire was divided into four hundreds, with each hundred consisting of a number of divisions.

  • Barlinchway (also Barlichway)
    • Alcester
    • Henley
    • Snitterfield
    • Stratford
  • Hemlingford, formerly named Coleshill
    • Atherstone
    • Birmingham
    • Solihull
    • Tamworth
  • Kington (also Kineton)
    • Brailes
    • Burton Dassett
    • Kington
    • Warwick
  • Knightlow
    • Kenilworth
    • Kirby
    • Rugby
    • Southam

Westmorland

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Westmorland was divided into four wards, analogous to hundreds. Pairs of wards made up the two Baronies. From Magna Britannica et Hibernia (1736) Genuki: Westmorland, Westmorland

Barony of Kendal

[edit]

The Barony of Kendal had two wards:

Barony of Westmorland

[edit]

The Barony of Westmorland had two wards:

Wiltshire

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There were 40 hundreds in Wiltshire at the time of the Domesday Survey. Hundreds in 1835 were:

Worcestershire

[edit]
Worcestershire in 1832

The ancient hundreds in 1086 at the time of the Domesday survey were:[97] Ash, Came,[98] Celfledetorn, Clent, Cresslow, Cutestornes, Doddingtree, Dudstone, Fernecumbe, Fishborough, Greston, Ossulstone, Oswaldslow, Pershore, Plegelgete, Seisdon, Tewkesbury, Tibblestone, Wolfhay. Some of the parishes within these hundreds, such as Feckenham in Ash Hundred, or Gloucester in Dudstone Hundred, may have partially been in other counties or were transferred between counties in the intervening years.

Over the centuries, some of the hundreds were amalgamated and appear in many useful statistical records. The hundreds that continued their courts until disuse include:

Yorkshire

[edit]
Yorkshire in 1832
Main article: list of wapentakes in Yorkshire

Yorkshire has three Ridings,[104] East, North and West. Each of these was divided into wapentakes, analogous to hundreds.

The Ainsty wapentake, first associated with the West Riding, became associated in the fifteenth century with the City of York, outside the Riding system.

The hundreds of Amounderness and Lonsdale in Lancashire plus part of Westmorland were considered as part of Yorkshire in the Domesday Book.

East Riding

[edit]

From GENUKI GENUKI: Definitions of the terms used to describe areas of land and habitation in the county of Yorkshire.

The other division of the riding was Hullshire.

North Riding

[edit]
  • Allerton
  • Birdforth[105] – Formed from at least some parishes of the Domesday wapentake of Yarlestre.[106]
  • Bulmer
  • Gilling East
  • Gilling West
  • Hallikeld
  • Hang East
  • Hang West
  • Langbaurgh (West and East divisions)
  • Pickering Lythe – Formed from the Domesday wapentake of Dic, and additionally by 1284–85 the parish of Sinnington and by (circa 15th–16th century) the parish of Kirkby Misperton, both from the Domesday wapentake of Maneshou.[107]
  • Ryedale – First mentioned by name in 1165–66, probably when its court was relocated there. Formed from the Domesday wapentake of Maneshou minus Sinnington and Kirkby Misperton parishes, plus the additional parish of Lastingham from the Domesday wapentake of Dic.[107] In the 19th century, Ryedale contained the parishes of Ampleforth; Appleton-Le-Street; Barton-Le-Street; Great Edston; Gilling; Helmsley; Hovingham; Kirkby Moorside; Kirkdale; Lastingham; New Malton, including the parishes of St. Leonard and St. Michael; Old Malton; Normanby; Nunnington; Oswaldkirk; Salton; Scawton; Slingsby; Stonegrave.[107]
  • Whitby Strand

West Riding

[edit]

From GENUKI GENUKI: Definitions of the terms used to describe areas of land and habitation in the county of Yorkshire.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Webb, Sidney; Webb, Beatrice (1906). English Local Government from the Revolution to the Municipal Corporations Act: the parish and the county. London: Longmans Green and Company. pp. 284–285.
  2. ^ "Genuki: Berkshire, Berkshire". www.genuki.org.uk.
  3. ^ "A History of the County of Berkshire | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk.
  4. ^ "A History of the County of Berkshire | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk.
  5. ^ "British History Online: The Hundred of Faringdon". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  6. ^ Open Domesday: Kinwardstone Hundred. Accessed 5 April 2023.
  7. ^ Kinwardstone Hundred. British History Online. Accessed 5 Apr 2023.
  8. ^ Shalbourne. Berkshire Family History Society. Accessed 5 April 2023.
  9. ^ Parish of Hungerford. Hungerford Virtual Museum. Accessed 5 April 2023.
  10. ^ Open Domesday: Ripplesmere hd.
  11. ^ "Buckinghamshire | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  12. ^ Genuki – History of Buckinghaham Hundreds Archived 23 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved, 21 May 2009
  13. ^ "Cambridgeshire Hundreds". rootsweb.
  14. ^ Kelly (1929). Directory of Cambridgeshire, Norfolk & Suffolk.
  15. ^ "'South Witchford Hundred: Stretham and Thetford', A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 4: City of Ely; Ely, N. and S. Witchford and Wisbech Hundreds (2002), pp. 151–159". British History Online.
  16. ^ Lysons, Daniel; Lysons, Samuel (1817). Magna Britannia: Being a Concise Topographical Account of the Several Counties of Great Britain. Containing Darbyshire. Cadell.
  17. ^ Domesday Map Online: Litchurch
  18. ^ Craven, Maxwell: Derby Street by Street (Breedon Books, Derby, 2005) ISBN 1-85983-426-4
  19. ^ "The Hundreds of Devon". GENUKI. Retrieved 20 June 2011.
  20. ^ "Alvredesberge Hundred was broken up after 1086 and contributed Cranborne, Boveridge, Edmondsham and Pentridge to the later Cranborne Hundred; Brockington to Knowlton Hundred and Wimborne St Giles (see Book of Fees, p. 92; and 10,3 Wimborne note) to the later Wimborne Hundred", quoted from: [1][dead link‍]
  21. ^ "Tewkesbury hundred: Upper division | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk.
  22. ^ "The Historical Gazetteer of England's Place-names". Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  23. ^ Open Domesday: Hampshire. Accessed 22 November 2020.
  24. ^ Open Domesday: Hampshire folio 9. Accessed 22 November 2020.
  25. ^ British History Online: King's Somborne Hundred. Accessed 9 October 2022.
  26. ^ [2] History: the Hundreds.
  27. ^ "Hundred of Castlery | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  28. ^ "Hundred of Cutestornes | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  29. ^ "Hundred of Dinedor | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  30. ^ "Hundred of Ewias | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  31. ^ "Hundred of Greytree | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  32. ^ "Hundred of Hezetre | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  33. ^ "Hundred of Plegelgete | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  34. ^ "Hundred of Radlow | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  35. ^ "Hundred of Stradel | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  36. ^ "Hundred of Tornelaus | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org.
  37. ^ Broxash hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  38. ^ Ewyas-Lacy hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  39. ^ Greytree hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  40. ^ Grimsworth hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  41. ^ Huntington hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  42. ^ Radlow hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  43. ^ Stretford hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  44. ^ Webtree hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  45. ^ Wigmore hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  46. ^ Wolphy hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  47. ^ Wormlow hundred, An Accurate Map of Hereford Shire Divided into its Hundreds, Emanuel Bowen (1755)
  48. ^ Open Domesday Map: Hertfordshire
  49. ^ Kent Archaeology: The Cinque Port Liberty of Romney. Archaeologia Cantiana Vol. 13 1880 (p. 261). Accessed 13 February 2022.
  50. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Leicestershire" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 394.
  51. ^ "Leisure & Culture – Lincolnshire County Council". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2005.
  52. ^ "Hundred of Elloe | Domesday Book". Archived from the original on 8 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015. Open Domesday Map: Elloe Wapentake
  53. ^ Open Domesday: Gartree (Lincolnshire wapentake)
  54. ^ "Hundred of Epworth | Domesday Book". Archived from the original on 14 October 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
  55. ^ "The hundred of Isleworth", A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3, (1962), accessed 6 January 2008.
  56. ^ William White (1845). History, gazetteer, and directory of Norfolk. Published by the author. p. 14.
  57. ^ Open Domesday: Northamptonshire. Accessed 22 January 2022.
  58. ^ University of Nottingham: Ordnance Survey – Gravesend Hundred. Accessed 22 January 2022.
  59. ^ "Hundred map". www.cottinghamhistory.co.uk.
  60. ^ "About the County". Archived from the original on 16 January 2006. Retrieved 28 November 2005.
  61. ^ Survey of English Place-Names: Fawsley Hundred. Accessed 22 January 2022.
  62. ^ [3] Domesday: Guilsborough hundred
  63. ^ The Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: Murilio – Organ. Knight. 1840. p. 320. Retrieved 4 February 2021. "The Penny Cyclopædia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge", Vol. 15–16, page 320.
  64. ^ "Castle Ward Map". Vision of Britain. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  65. ^ A list of the wards, divisions, parishes, and constableries, in the County of Northumberland. J. Graham. 1817. p. 19. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  66. ^ Vision of Britain website Archived 12 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine
  67. ^ Open Domesday: Bampton hundred
  68. ^ "British History Online: Bampton hundred". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  69. ^ Open Domesday: Binfield hundred
  70. ^ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/bloxham/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Bloxham hundred
  71. ^ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/benson/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Benson hundred
  72. ^ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/kirtlington/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Kirtlington hundred
  73. ^ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/lewknor/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Lewknor hundred
  74. ^ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/pyrton/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Pyrton hundred
  75. ^ "British History Online: Ploughley hundred". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  76. ^ "British History Online: Wootten Hundred". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  77. ^ "British History Online: Wootten hundred". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  78. ^ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/shipton/ Archived 14 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Shipton hundred
  79. ^ http://domesdaymap.co.uk/hundred/wootton/ Archived 28 September 2014 at the Wayback Machine Open Domesday: Wootten hundred
  80. ^ "British History Online: Wootten hundred (Southern part)". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  81. ^ "BHO: Oxford City Introduction". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  82. ^ "Topographical Dictionary: Oxford". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  83. ^ GENUKI Shropshire hundreds
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  85. ^ British History Online The Liberty and Borough of Wenlock
  86. ^ "Genuki: The Hundreds of Staffordshire, Staffordshire". www.genuki.org.uk.
  87. ^ William White (1844). History, gazetteer, and directory of Suffolk. p. 15.
  88. ^ a b "'The rape of Chichester: Introduction', A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 4 (1953) pp. 1 – 2". Retrieved 28 August 2010.
  89. ^ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.105–184
  90. ^ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.185–274
  91. ^ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.1–104
  92. ^ Martin Welch. Early Anglo Saxon Sussex in Peter Brandon's. The South Saxons. pp. 33–34
  93. ^ Open Domesday: Hailesaltede Hundred. Accessed September 2020.
  94. ^ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume II pp.425–592
  95. ^ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume I pp.103–268.
  96. ^ Horsfield. History of Sussex. Volume I pp.269–424
  97. ^ Open Domesday Map: Worcestershire
  98. ^ Survey of English Place Names: Came Hundred, accessed 22 October 2020.
  99. ^ Open Domesday Map: Halfshire hundred
  100. ^ "Halfshire hundred". British History. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  101. ^ Open Domesday Map: Clent Hundred
  102. ^ Open Domesday Map: Cresslow Hundred
  103. ^ 'The hundred of Pershore: Introduction', in A History of the County of Worcester: Volume 4, ed. William Page and J W Willis-Bund (London, 1924), pp. 1–3. British History Online (accessed 22 October 2020).
  104. ^ Room, Adrian (1986). A Dictionary of True Etymologies. London: Routledge. pp. 148–149. ISBN 0-415-03060-9. - Riding is taken from the Old Norse thrithjung meaning thirdings one third of an equally important area.
  105. ^ The Wapentake of Birdforth. British History Online. Accessed 14 February 2024.
  106. ^ Open Domesday: Yarlestre wapentake. Accessed 14 February 2024.
  107. ^ a b c "The wapentake of Ryedale | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk.
Bibliography
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