Hunan Self-Study University
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The Hunan Self-Study University (simplified Chinese:湖南自修大学; traditional Chinese: 湖南自脩大學; pinyin:Húnán zì xiū dàxué) was an educational organization which operated on the grounds of the Yuelu Academy. It is on the current site of Chuanshan Academy, on Zhongshan East Road in Changsha.[1]
History
[edit]It was created in August 1921 by Mao Zedong[2] due to his frustration with the traditional shuyuan, aiming for a new type of school which would promote the ideas of the Chinese Communist Party. Mao's former teacher and then-Beijing University professor Yang Changji had written an article called On the Necessity of Establishing a Provincial University in Hunan based on the shuyuan model. This encouraged Mao to propose a new model:[3]
I think we should create a new kind of life in Changsha. We should invite comrades to join us and rent a house to establish a self-study university, where we shall practice a communal life. It can also be called the work-study group.
— Mao Zedong, Letter to Zhou Shixhao
In 1922 founding party member and writer Li Da was named the head of the school, and he edited the school's journal, "New Era" (新时代) which documented the school's founding goals and published works by other early Chinese Communists.[4]
The university operated until late 1923, when it was closed by General Zhao Hengti of the National Revolutionary Army on the grounds that it violated a public order.[5] A notable student of this university was Yang Youlin, who became an influential leader in the Chinese Civil War.[6] Other notable students included Li Weihan, Xia Minghan, Yi Lirong, Jiang Mengzhou, Guo Liang, and Mao Zemin.[2][7]
References
[edit]- ^ Li, Yongchun (2005). ""长沙中韩互助社成立时间和社址考" [A Study on the Time and Location of the Founding of Changsha Sino-Korean Mutual Aid Society]. 近代史研究 (Modern History Research). 147 (3): 224.
- ^ a b 黄河流. "从清水塘到船山学社，城北见证毛泽东的"小家大国"之路" ['From Qingshuitang to Chuanshan Academy, Chengbei witnessed Mao Zedong's "small family, big country" road]. cn.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 2024-12-17.
- ^ Hayhoe, Ruth; Pan, Julia (2016-09-16). East-West Dialogue in Knowledge and Higher Education. Routledge. pp. 236–238. ISBN 978-1-315-48020-6.
- ^ Song, YingLi (May 2011). "中国共产党早期的出版家李达" [Li Da, Early Communist Party Publisher]. 出版科学 (Publishing Journal). 19 (5): 94–97.
- ^ "self study - maozhang.net". www.maozhang.net. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ "杨幼麟 - 中国军网". People's Liberation Army. Retrieved 2024-12-14.
- ^ Song, Kexiang (2021-02-06). "为党早期培养大量革命人才的湖南自修大学" [Hunan Self-Study University, which trained a large number of revolutionary talents for the party in the early days]. dangshi.people.com.cn. Study Daily via People's Daily. Retrieved 2024-12-17.
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