Hinokinin

Hinokinin
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name (3R,4R)-3,4-Bis[(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl]oxolan-2-one
	Other names (3R,4R)-3,4-Bis(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone
Identifiers
CAS Number	26543-89-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL242011 ;
ChemSpider	391188 ;
PubChem CID	442879;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID70949391 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C20H18O6/c21-20-15(6-13-2-4-17-19(8-13)26-11-24-17)14(9-22-20)5-12-1-3-16-18(7-12)25-10-23-16/h1-4,7-8,14-15H,5-6,9-11H2/t14-,15+/m0/s1 Key: DDWGQGZPYDSYEL-LSDHHAIUSA-N ; InChI=1S/C20H18O6/c21-20-15(6-13-2-4-17-19(8-13)26-11-24-17)14(9-22-20)5-12-1-3-16-18(7-12)25-10-23-16/h1-4,7-8,14-15H,5-6,9-11H2/t14-,15+/m0/s1 Key: DDWGQGZPYDSYEL-LSDHHAIUSA-N;
	SMILES C1C(C(C(=O)O1)CC2=CC3=C(C=C2)OCO3)CC4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCO5;
Properties
Chemical formula	C20H18O6
Molar mass	354.358 g·mol−1
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Hinokinin is a dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan, derived from various species of plants. It is a potential antichagonistic agent.^[1] In vitro, it has been shown to have potential neuroprotective effects^[2] as well as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antiviral and antifungal properties.^[3]

Hinokinin was isolated for the first time by Yoshiki and Ishiguro in 1933 from hinoki wood.^[4]

Chemical properties

Hinokinin is a colourless crystalline compound.^{[citation needed]}

It can be isolated from various species of Chamaecyparis, Zanthoxylum, Phyllanthus, Aristolochia, Piper, Virola, Linum and Bursera. It is also synthesised from pinoresinol.^[1]

Biological effects

Cytotoxic actions

Hinokinin has shown to induce apoptosis and promote antitumor actions on various cancer cell lines in vitro.^[5]

Anti-inflammatory actions

Hinokinin has been shown to inhibit the generation of superoxide molecules by neutrophils and also decreases elastase secretion from neutrophils.^[6] It has also shown to reduce LPS induced nitric oxide production from macrophages.The anti-inflammatory property of hinokinin is mediated by the NF-kB signalling mechanism.^[7]

Anti-parasitic actions

Hinokinin has been shown to be an antitrypanosomal agent. Its use as a treatment for trypanosomiasis is still being researched.^[8]

Anti-viral actions

It has shown significant antiviral activity against human hepatitis B virus, HIV and SARS-CoV.^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b Marcotullio, Maria; Pelosi, Azzurra; Curini, Massimo (2014-09-17). "Hinokinin, an Emerging Bioactive Lignan". Molecules. 19 (9): 14862–14878. doi:10.3390/molecules190914862. ISSN 1420-3049. PMC 6271885. PMID 25232707.
^ Timple, Julie Marie V.; Magalhães, Lizandra Guidi; Souza Rezende, Karen Cristina; Pereira, Ana Carolina; Cunha, Wilson Roberto; Andrade e Silva, Márcio Luis; Mortensen, Ole Valente; Fontana, Andréia C. K. (2013-10-10). "The Lignan (−)-Hinokinin Displays Modulatory Effects on Human Monoamine and GABA Transporter Activities". Journal of Natural Products. 76 (10): 1889–1895. doi:10.1021/np400452n. ISSN 0163-3864. PMID 24112084.
^ Zhou, Qi-Long; Wang, Hui-Jing; Tang, Pei; Song, Hao; Qin, Yong (October 2015). "Total Synthesis of Lignan Lactone (–)-Hinokinin". Natural Products and Bioprospecting. 5 (5): 255–261. doi:10.1007/s13659-015-0073-3. ISSN 2192-2195. PMC 4607678. PMID 26458924.
^ Yoshiki, Y.; Ishiguro, T. (1933). "Ueber die kristallisierten Bestandteile des Hinokiöls". Yakugaku Zasshi. 53 (2): 73–151. doi:10.1248/yakushi1881.53.2_73. ISSN 0031-6903.
^ Cao, Xue-li; Xu, Jing; Bai, Ge; Zhang, Hong; Liu, Yan; Xiang, Jun-feng; Tang, Ya-lin (June 2013). "Isolation of anti-tumor compounds from the stem bark of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb. & Zucc. by silica gel column and counter-current chromatography". Journal of Chromatography B. 929: 6–10. doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.04.006. ISSN 1570-0232. PMID 23660246.
^ Chen, JJ; Chung, CY; Hwang, TL; Chen, JF (July 2009). "Amides and Benzenoids from Zanthoxylum ailanthoides with Inhibitory Activity on Superoxide Generation and Elastase Release by Neutrophils". Planta Medica. 75 (9). doi:10.1055/s-0029-1234991. ISSN 0032-0943.
^ Desai, Dattatraya C.; Jacob, Jeenu; Almeida, Asha; Kshirsagar, Rajendra; Manju, S.L. (2014-05-23). "Isolation, structural elucidation and anti-inflammatory activity of astragalin, ( − )hinokinin, aristolactam I and aristolochic acids (I & II) fromAristolochia indica". Natural Product Research. 28 (17): 1413–1417. doi:10.1080/14786419.2014.905563. ISSN 1478-6419. PMID 24854204. S2CID 20632496.
^ Saraiva, Juliana; Lira, Ana Amélia Moreira; Esperandim, Viviane Rodrigues; da Silva Ferreira, Daniele; Ferraudo, Antônio Sérgio; Bastos, Jairo Kenupp; e Silva, Márcio Luís Andrade; de Gaitani, Cristiane Masetto; de Albuquerque, Sérgio; Marchetti, Juliana Maldonado (2010-01-28). "(−)−Hinokinin-loaded poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles for Chagas disease". Parasitology Research. 106 (3): 703–708. doi:10.1007/s00436-010-1725-1. ISSN 0932-0113. PMID 20107838. S2CID 31990739.
^ Wen, Chih-Chun; Kuo, Yueh-Hsiung; Jan, Jia-Tsrong; Liang, Po-Huang; Wang, Sheng-Yang; Liu, Hong-Gi; Lee, Ching-Kuo; Chang, Shang-Tzen; Kuo, Chih-Jung; Lee, Shoei-Sheng; Hou, Chia-Chung (August 2007). "Specific Plant Terpenoids and Lignoids Possess Potent Antiviral Activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus" (PDF). Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 50 (17): 4087–4095. doi:10.1021/jm070295s. ISSN 0022-2623. PMID 17663539.

[:0-1] Marcotullio, Maria; Pelosi, Azzurra; Curini, Massimo (2014-09-17). "Hinokinin, an Emerging Bioactive Lignan". Molecules. 19 (9): 14862–14878. doi:10.3390/molecules190914862. ISSN 1420-3049. PMC 6271885. PMID 25232707.

[2] Timple, Julie Marie V.; Magalhães, Lizandra Guidi; Souza Rezende, Karen Cristina; Pereira, Ana Carolina; Cunha, Wilson Roberto; Andrade e Silva, Márcio Luis; Mortensen, Ole Valente; Fontana, Andréia C. K. (2013-10-10). "The Lignan (−)-Hinokinin Displays Modulatory Effects on Human Monoamine and GABA Transporter Activities". Journal of Natural Products. 76 (10): 1889–1895. doi:10.1021/np400452n. ISSN 0163-3864. PMID 24112084.

[3] Zhou, Qi-Long; Wang, Hui-Jing; Tang, Pei; Song, Hao; Qin, Yong (October 2015). "Total Synthesis of Lignan Lactone (–)-Hinokinin". Natural Products and Bioprospecting. 5 (5): 255–261. doi:10.1007/s13659-015-0073-3. ISSN 2192-2195. PMC 4607678. PMID 26458924.

[4] Yoshiki, Y.; Ishiguro, T. (1933). "Ueber die kristallisierten Bestandteile des Hinokiöls". Yakugaku Zasshi. 53 (2): 73–151. doi:10.1248/yakushi1881.53.2_73. ISSN 0031-6903.

[5] Cao, Xue-li; Xu, Jing; Bai, Ge; Zhang, Hong; Liu, Yan; Xiang, Jun-feng; Tang, Ya-lin (June 2013). "Isolation of anti-tumor compounds from the stem bark of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb. & Zucc. by silica gel column and counter-current chromatography". Journal of Chromatography B. 929: 6–10. doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.04.006. ISSN 1570-0232. PMID 23660246.

[6] Chen, JJ; Chung, CY; Hwang, TL; Chen, JF (July 2009). "Amides and Benzenoids from Zanthoxylum ailanthoides with Inhibitory Activity on Superoxide Generation and Elastase Release by Neutrophils". Planta Medica. 75 (9). doi:10.1055/s-0029-1234991. ISSN 0032-0943.

[7] Desai, Dattatraya C.; Jacob, Jeenu; Almeida, Asha; Kshirsagar, Rajendra; Manju, S.L. (2014-05-23). "Isolation, structural elucidation and anti-inflammatory activity of astragalin, ( − )hinokinin, aristolactam I and aristolochic acids (I & II) fromAristolochia indica". Natural Product Research. 28 (17): 1413–1417. doi:10.1080/14786419.2014.905563. ISSN 1478-6419. PMID 24854204. S2CID 20632496.

[8] Saraiva, Juliana; Lira, Ana Amélia Moreira; Esperandim, Viviane Rodrigues; da Silva Ferreira, Daniele; Ferraudo, Antônio Sérgio; Bastos, Jairo Kenupp; e Silva, Márcio Luís Andrade; de Gaitani, Cristiane Masetto; de Albuquerque, Sérgio; Marchetti, Juliana Maldonado (2010-01-28). "(−)−Hinokinin-loaded poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles for Chagas disease". Parasitology Research. 106 (3): 703–708. doi:10.1007/s00436-010-1725-1. ISSN 0932-0113. PMID 20107838. S2CID 31990739.

[9] Wen, Chih-Chun; Kuo, Yueh-Hsiung; Jan, Jia-Tsrong; Liang, Po-Huang; Wang, Sheng-Yang; Liu, Hong-Gi; Lee, Ching-Kuo; Chang, Shang-Tzen; Kuo, Chih-Jung; Lee, Shoei-Sheng; Hou, Chia-Chung (August 2007). "Specific Plant Terpenoids and Lignoids Possess Potent Antiviral Activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus" (PDF). Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 50 (17): 4087–4095. doi:10.1021/jm070295s. ISSN 0022-2623. PMID 17663539.

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