Hinchingbrooke House
| Hinchingbrooke House | |
|---|---|
 Hinchingbrooke House (2007). | |
  Location within Cambridgeshire | |
| General information | |
| Type | House |
| Country | England |
| Coordinates | 52°19′43″N 0°12′05″W / 52.3286°N 0.2014°W |
| Construction started | 11th century |
| Owner | Hinchingbrooke School |
Hinchingbrooke House is an English stately home in Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, now part of Hinchingbrooke School.
The house was built around an 11th-century Benedictine nunnery.[1] After the Reformation it passed into the hands of the Cromwell family, and subsequently became the home of the Earls of Sandwich, including John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, reputedly the "inventor" of the modern sandwich. In 1962[2] it was sold by the 10th Earl of Sandwich, per a son, the 11th Earl of Sandwich, who was born and raised at Hinchingbrooke House.
On 8 March 1538, Richard Williams (alias Cromwell), a nephew of Thomas Cromwell, had the grant of the nunnery of Hinchingbrooke, in Huntingdonshire, for the undervalued price of £19.9s.2d. while he was an official Visitor overseeing the dissolution of the monasteries.[3] A fireplace discovered in the building has his initials.[4] His son, Henry Williams (alias Cromwell), grandfather of Oliver Cromwell, carried out more extensive works on the house.[5]
According to Mark Noble, an eighteenth-century writer and frequent visitor at Hinchingbrooke, "The nuns' apartments, or cells, at Hinchinbrook, are now entire, and are used as lodging-rooms for the menial servants; their common room was what is now the kitchen; the church is destroyed, except some trifling remains, now part of one of the walls of the house, and seem to have been the corner of the tower; near this place in lowering the flooring, a few years ago, one or more coffins of stone were found",[6] and "On the bow windows he put the arms of his family, with those of several others to whom he was allied".[7]
Queen Elizabeth stayed at Hinchingbrooke in August 1564 after entertainments at Cambridge University.[8] King James came to Hinchingbrooke on 27 April 1603 and Sir Oliver Cromwell gave him hawks, horses, hounds, and a gold cup.[9] The king was back on 7 December 1610, and Prince Henry stayed on 8 August 1612.[10]
There was a serious fire in 1830 and the house was restored/rebuilt by Edward Blore. It was further restored in 1894 and again in the 1960s. During the most recent restoration the entrance to the chapter house was discovered, but otherwise little of the medieval fabric is visible.[11]
The house was featured and illustrated in the 2 November 1907 issue of Country Life.[12]
In 1970, it became part of Hinchingbrooke School,[13] housing the 6th form. Hinchingbrooke School was formerly Huntingdon Grammar School which, on the site of what is now the Cromwell Museum in Huntingdon, was attended by Oliver Cromwell and Samuel Pepys.[14][15] The school now has around 1,900 pupils.[16]
More recently, while still being used as a school, Hinchingbrooke House is turned into a critically acclaimed scare attraction in the Halloween season called "The Horror at Hinchingbrooke House". It is also used as a conference centre, for dinner dances, and as a wedding venue. It is a Grade I listed building and is open for tours on Sunday afternoons in the summer season.[17][18][19]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Maurice Howard, The Early Tudor Country House: Architecture and Politics, 1490-1550 (George Philip: London, 1987), pp. 149-50, 155 plan, 157.
- ^ "Hinchingbrooke Collection".
- ^ Noble 1784, p. 7 cites: Grant in the possession of the Earl of Sandwich.
- ^ Maurice Howard, The Early Tudor Country House: Architecture and Politics, 1490-1550 (George Philip: London, 1987), p. 150.
- ^ Maurice Howard, The Early Tudor Country House: Architecture and Politics, 1490-1550 (George Philip: London, 1987), p. 150.
- ^ Noble 1784, p. 21
- ^ Noble 1784, p. 22, Cites: Vide the engravings of the arms at Hinchinbrook.
- ^ Elizabeth Goldring, Faith Eales, Elizabeth Clarke, Jayne Elisabeth Archer, John Nichols's Progresses and Public Processions of Queen Elizabeth: 1533-1571, vol. 1 (Oxford, 2014), p. 432.
- ^ A. Jefferies Collins, Jewels and Plate of Queen Elizabeth I (London, 1955), p. 112.
- ^ John Nichols, The Progresses, Processions, and Magnificent Festivities of King James the First, Vol. 2 (London, 1828), pp. 370, 458.
- ^ "Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas". Historic England. 1951. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
- ^ "Hinchingbrooke, Huntingdonshire, the seat of the Earl of Sandwich". Country Life. XXII (565). Country Life, Ltd.: 630–636 2 November 1907.
- ^ HH staff
- ^ Goldsmith 1999.
- ^ Grey 2004, The History of Hinchingbrooke House.
- ^ Grey 2004, The Headmasters & The School
- ^ HH staff
- ^ Grey 2004, Hinchingbrooke House.
- ^ Historic England. "Hinchingbrooke House (1128649)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
References
[edit]- Goldsmith, John, ed. (1999). "exhibitions>Cromwell>Where did he come from?". Cambridgeshire Education, Libraries and Heritage.[permanent dead link]
- Grey, Duncan, ed. (2004). "Hinchingbrooke House". The History of Hinchingbrooke House (website). Retrieved 7 November 2011.
- HH staff. "About Hinchingbrooke House". Hinchingbrooke House and Performing Arts Centre. Archived from the original on 9 January 2012. Retrieved 4 November 2010.
- Noble, Mark (1784). Memoirs of the Protectorate-house of Cromwell: Deduced from an Early Period, and Continued Down to the Present Time,... Vol. 2. Printed Pearson and Rollason.
- Attribution
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: "Memoirs of the Protectorate-house of Cromwell: Deduced from an Early Period, and Continued Down to the Present Time,...", by Mark Noble (1784)
