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Ontario Highway 404

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Highway 404 marker
Highway 404
Map
Highway 404 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by Ministry of Transportation of Ontario
Length50.1 km[1] (31.1 mi)
Existed1977–present
Major junctions
South end  Highway 401 / Don Valley Parkway – Toronto
Major intersections 407 ETR – Markham
 Regional Road 7 (Highway 7) – Richmond Hill, Markham
North end Regional Road 8 (Woodbine Avenue) – East Gwillimbury
Location
CountryCanada
ProvinceOntario
Highway system
← Highway 403→ Highway 405

King's Highway 404 (pronounced "four-oh-four"), also known as Highway 404 and colloquially as the 404, is a 400-series highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. A continuation of the municipal Don Valley Parkway (DVP) north of Highway 401, it connects Toronto with East Gwillimbury. The 50.1-kilometre (31.1 mi) controlled-access freeway also connects with Highway 407 in Markham, which formed the northeastern ring road of the Greater Toronto Area until the opening of Highway 412 in 2016. Highway 404 provides access to the eastern edge of Richmond Hill, Aurora and Newmarket and the western edge of Whitchurch-Stouffville, in addition to the southern edge of Keswick.

Metro Toronto (Metro) completed the Don Valley Parkway (DVP) to Sheppard Avenue in 1966. Metro initially planned extension of the DVP to Steeles Avenue, northward the province would continue the route which was inaugurated as Highway 404. However, the province ending up decided that their new highway would also run south of Steeles, incorporating the existing segment of the Metro-built DVP between Sheppard and Highway 401. The first section south of Steeles opened in 1977, over what was formerly Woodbine Avenue. Over the next twelve years, the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO) undertook a continuous construction program to extend the highway to Davis Drive in Newmarket. This was completed on October 24, 1989. The route has undergone a periodic series of smaller extensions and widening in the years since, now travelling a further 15.5 km (9.6 mi) north to Woodbine Avenue near Ravenshoe Road in the town of East Gwillimbury. Future proposals may one day result in an extension to southeast of Beaverton.

Highway 404 is one of several freeways in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) with High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes; the southbound lane was one of the initial projects in the province and opened on December 13, 2005. The northbound lane opened on July 23, 2007.

Route description

[edit]
Aerial photograph of the Don Valley Parkway / Highway 404 / Highway 401 interchange

Running parallel to Highway 400 approximately 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the east, Highway 404 extends 50.1 km (31.1 mi) on a north–south orientation between Highway 401 and Woodbine Avenue. There are 16 interchanges along its length, mostly of the Partial cloverleaf A4 configuration. Exit numbers on the freeway start at 17, suggesting that the length of the Don Valley Parkway was considered in distance calculations; until 2017, there were no exit numbers posted on the DVP.[2][3]

A continuation of the municipal-controlled DVP, the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO) jurisdiction over the freeway begins as the opposing directions of travel diverge south of the Highway 401 interchange.[note 1] Northbound, two lanes from the DVP are joined by a third from the eastbound collectors of Highway 401. These narrow to two lanes before merging with a single lane from westbound Highway 401 immediately south of Sheppard Avenue. An additional two lanes from eastbound Highway 401 converge and form a separate carriageway with no access to Sheppard.[4] Southbound, the freeway is divided into two carriageways, both of which provide access to the DVP. The outer carriageway also provides access from Sheppard and to both directions of Highway 401, including the westbound express lanes, while the inner carriageway is intended for DVP-bound traffic. The HOV lane eventually merges with DVP-bound traffic, and also has an off-ramp via a tunnel to the Highway 401 westbound collector lanes.[5] To the east of Highway 404 is the Consumers Road office park. To the west and north of Sheppard Avenue is Fairview Mall, which has its own connection with the southbound lanes attached to the Sheppard interchange.[2]

Highway 404 looking north just north of the Highway 401 / Don Valley Parkway interchange, showing the interchange with Sheppard Avenue, with Fairview Mall and Consumers Road office park on the west and east sides of the freeway, respectively.

The highway continues directly north along the old Woodbine Avenue right-of-way to just south of Steeles Avenue. This section of the freeway is five lanes per direction (four general purpose lanes, one HOV lane near the central median), plus an auxiliary lane that emerges from an on-ramp of one interchange and then diverges at an off-ramp of the next interchange. Southbound, the HOV lane continues to the interchange at Highway 401. From just north of the Van Horne Avenue overpass, the leftmost northbound lane becomes an HOV lane. Alongside Highway 404 to the east is an industrial warehouse and commercial office area, while on the west is a suburban subdivision of North York.[2]

Highway 404 at Stouffville Road

At the interchange with Steeles Avenue which also includes a dedicated on-ramp from Woodbine Avenue (York Regional Road 8), the freeway enters the Regional Municipality of York where it diverges to the west before continuing north, running parallel to Woodbine Avenue. To the east are industrial units, while on the west are residential suburbs. This land-use persists north to the Highway 407 ETR junction, a multi-level combination interchange with two flyovers. At this point the freeway narrows and the central concrete barrier ends; a grass median taking its place between the opposing lanes. Immediately north of Highway 407, the freeway interchanges with Highway 7, and due to the close spacing of these two interchanges, the northbound off-ramp to Highway 7 is braided with the on-ramp from Highway 407 (and vice versa with the southbound ramps) to avoid weaving. As the freeway crosses Highway 7, the HOV lanes transition to standard through lanes, although as of 2020 construction is underway to extend the HOV lanes using the grass median. The freeway passes west of Buttonville Municipal Airport (decommissioned as of November 2023)[6] and then interchanges with 16th Avenue, and the close proximity to the airport's runways necessitates that this freeway segment is illuminated by low poles instead of the high mast lighting on the rest of the freeway.

The land-use density continues to drop, with the appearance of some open spaces and farms interspersed with industrial and commercial buildings. By 19th Avenue, just north of the Honda Canada headquarters in Markham, the land-use is agricultural on both sides of Highway 404. Highway 404 continues north, forming the eastern boundary of the municipalities of Richmond Hill, Aurora and Newmarket and the western boundary of Whitchurch-Stouffville. North of Wellington Street, the highway reduces in width to four lanes, which is its configuration north through East Gwillimbury.[7] The route continues, passing east of the community of Queensville, where just a bit north Highway 404 will meet the future Bradford Bypass, as it eventually curves northeast and terminates at an at-grade intersection with Woodbine Avenue immediately south of Ravenshoe Road (York Regional Road 32).[2]

The speed limit is 100 km/h (62 mph) on most of its length, with the exception of the 16 km (9.9 mi) stretch between Newmarket and the north end of the highway, where the speed limit is 110 km/h (68 mph) since it was raised on April 22, 2022.[8]

History

[edit]
Facing south along Woodbine Avenue in 1965; the crossroad is Finch Avenue, which passes over the ten lane freeway that has since replaced this rural road

Early studies

[edit]

A freeway east of Highway 11 was planned as early as 1954, when the province extended Highway 48 south from Port Bolster. A large cloverleaf interchange was constructed with the Toronto Bypass, and plans formulated for a dual highway around the east side of Lake Simcoe, connecting with Highway 11 near Orillia or Gravenhurst. This route was dropped when Metropolitan Toronto began planning for the northern extension of the DVP in 1957, as subdivisions encroached upon Woodbine Avenue north of Highway 401. The six-lane expressway was to follow the alignment of Woodbine from its southern terminus at Lawrence Avenue to north of Steeles Avenue, where the Department of Highways (DHO) would continue the road as a "new King's Highway".[3]

A bird's-eye view of a large highway interchange under construction. Several bridges are complete, but nothing is paved, aside from one highway crossing horizontally, which detours between the bridges.
The Highway 401 / Don Valley Parkway interchange (which replaced an earlier interchange with Woodbine Avenue, and would link to the future Highway 404) under construction in 1965.

In 1959, the DHO announced that they would construct and maintain the new route once the DVP was completed to Highway 401 and designate it Highway 404.[9] The proposed route of the freeway was presented at a special delegation on December 13, 1960 by Harold Barry, a representative of the department.[10] During this time Metro opened another section of the DVP from Lawrence Avenue to Highway 401 on November 17, 1966, followed by the section north of Highway 401 to Sheppard Avenue on March 1, 1967. As completed at that time, after passing Sheppard Avenue the parkway narrowed to the two-lane Woodbine Avenue.[11][12]

Construction begins

[edit]

Design work on Highway 404 started in 1973,[13] and construction began following the awarding of a C$6.9 million contract in March 1976. This contract included construction of the Finch Avenue interchange, overpasses at McNicoll and Van Horne Avenues and 4.5 km (2.8 mi) of six-lane freeway between Sheppard and Steeles Avenues.[14][15] Shortly thereafter, on April 20, Ernest Avenue and Van Horne Avenue were closed to traffic at Woodbine.[16] The existing Metro-built segment of the DVP between Sheppard and Highway 401 was designated as part of the new provincial freeway.

Originally built as part of the Don Valley Parkway, the segment south of Sheppard Avenue became part of Highway 404 in 1977.

The first section of Highway 404 between Highway 401 and Steeles Avenue opened in late 1977, including the flyover ramp from southbound Woodbine Avenue.[17] The freeway was separated by a grass median with a steel box beam acting as a barrier between the lanes. Construction north of Toronto proceeded quickly, with the contract for the section from Steeles to Highway 7 being awarded in 1976 and the section opening on November 10, 1978.[17][18] The next extension, to Stouffville Road (then known as the Gormley Side Road), was opened ceremoniously on December 9, 1980 by minister James Snow;[19] the segment north of Highway 7 was four lanes wide.[20]

Looking north from Sheppard Avenue at Highway 404's divided cross-section; from left-to-right is the southbound collector lanes, southbound express lanes including HOV lane, on-ramp (from Highway 401), and northbound lanes

The section of Highway 404 north of Stouffville Road was the subject of considerable controversy when work began to clear the route on May 15, 1981 before the completion of an environmental impact assessment. The Ministry of Transportation and Communications was charged with violating the newly enacted Environmental Assessment Act, which it contested came into effect after construction of the extension had begun.[21] Minister James Snow was charged with violating the act, and called upon to resign. The Minister did not resign, but paid a C$3,500 fine. Despite the issues surrounding it, the extension between Stouffville Road and Bloomington Road was opened ceremoniously on the morning of August 10, 1982.[22]

As originally built by Metro, the Sheppard Avenue interchange with the parkway was originally a Parclo AB2, plus Fairview Mall Drive at the time ran only east-west directly north of the shopping centre and also had its own on/off-ramps from the southbound lanes of Highway 404. In the 1980s the province removed the separate sets of Fairview Mall Drive and Sheppard Avenue ramps in favour of an on/off-ramp that fed directly to the shopping centre and an extension of Fairview Mall Drive whose eastbound lanes run south to meet with Sheppard Avenue.

Construction on the segment north of Bloomington to Aurora Sideroad was already in progress by this point. It was opened to traffic in late September 1985.[23] 16th Avenue, which had been widened from two to four lanes during the mid-1980s, received ramps connecting to the freeway south of that existing underpass.[24]

Expansion to Newmarket

[edit]

Construction on the 6.5 km (4.0 mi) section from Wellington Street to Davis Drive began in early 1986, and the section opened to traffic on October 24, 1989 at 8:30 am. This final segment cost $22.1 million, ending the continuous construction program undertaken since 1973 at a cost of $83.3 million.[13]

1997-2007 expansion

[edit]

Studies and environmental assessments into various extensions began almost immediately after the completion of the route to Newmarket in 1989; it would take over a decade for any northward progression to take place. The completion of the route to Davis Drive was met with scorn as traffic in Newmarket rapidly increased as the bedroom community grew with the new highway access. Municipal officials warned prior to the opening of the route that major traffic delays would be faced along Davis Drive. Then-mayor Ray Twinney began an immediate push to widen Green Lane – at that time an unpaved rural route – into a bypass of the town.[25] Traffic delays were also compounded at the southern end of Toronto, where drivers whom had previously made use of Yonge Street, Bayview Avenue or Leslie Street would shift to make use of the new freeway.[26][27]

By 1992, York Region was moving forward with plans to expand Green Lane into a four lane road, while the province was urged to consider extending Highway 404 north to it, and eventually around the east side of Lake Simcoe.[27] The province studied this and other options over the following years, before a formal announcement was made by Minister of Transportation Tony Clement on June 22, 1998, along with York Region chairman Bill Fisch. The plan called for an extension of Highway 404 north to Green Lane, and widening of Highway 9, the western extension of Davis Drive (now part of it after being downloaded and redesignated as York Regional Road 31 east of Highway 400) outside town, to five lanes between Highway 400 and Bathurst Street. At the time over 20,000 vehicles used Davis Drive on an average day.[28]

Preliminary clearing in a field north of Green Lane in April 2011
Advanced construction work near Doane Road in June 2014

In the interim period, work went into expanding the six lane freeway through Toronto and Markham. A combination interchange was built with the new Highway 407 ETR which opened in June 1997, which as a prerequisite required the realignment of some ramps from the nearby Highway 7 interchange.[29] In early 1998, the MTO announced plans for two contracts to widen Highway 404 south of Highway 7. The first contract converted the grass median into an additional lane in each direction with a central concrete barrier between them, with the inner lanes to eventually be converted into HOV lanes. High-mast lighting was installed in the median barrier, replacing the unique luminaires that were mounted outside of the right shoulder of each carriageway. With the shift in road illumination completed as a prerequisite, the second contract would result in an additional lane in each direction on the outside the existing freeway south of Highway 407, making it ten lanes wide, with expansion of the southbound and northbound lanes completed in 2005 and 2007, respectively.[30][31][32]

In conjunction with the widening to add HOV lanes, improvements were made to the bottlenecked interchange with Highway 401. This involved the construction of a two-lane on-ramp receiving traffic from the eastbound Highway 401 express and collectors that would converge with Highway 404 northbound without access to Sheppard Avenue, while the existing single lane on-ramp for that same movement was retained for Highway 401 collector traffic to exit at Sheppard Avenue.[4] In early 2004, construction began on a new ramp from the Highway 404 southbound HOV lane to the Highway 401 westbound collectors, with the ramp consisting of a curved tunnel beneath the Highway 404's southbound general traffic lanes. To accommodate the HOV ramp, the ramp for general traffic from Highway 404 southbound to the Highway 401 westbound collectors was shifted further west with its entry just under the Don Mills Road overpass while also realigned to permit a higher speed. On December 13, 2005, the southbound HOV lane was opened to traffic. This was one of the three original HOV lanes in Ontario; the other two HOV lanes were on Highway 403 in Mississauga.[31] Work on the northbound HOV lane began shortly thereafter, opening at 8:30 am on Monday, July 23, 2007.[32]

Highway 404 southbound, near the interchange with Steeles Avenue c. 2006. The southbound HOV lane was completed, while construction was still underway on the northbound HOV lane.
Looking south at the interchange with 16th Avenue, with Buttonville Municipal Airport in southeast quadrant. The freeway configuration is after its 2002 widening, with a narrowed grass median that would be paved over during the route's 2023 expansion.

In 1999, Highway 404 was widened to six lanes between Highway 7 and Major Mackenzie Drive, using the right-of-way afforded by the grass median.[7] Ramps were added to connect Regional Road 73 (16th Avenue) with the segment of Highway 404 north of that junction, making it a full interchange.[33][34] On June 19, 2003, Transportation Minister and Oak Ridges MPP Frank Klees opened the new ramps, with Thornhill MPP Tina Molinari also in attendance, with traffic permitted onto the ramp following the ceremony.[35] The MTO formally announced plans to alleviate traffic in Newmarket on August 28, 2000: a three contract project to widen and extend Highway 404. The first contract added an additional lane in each direction in the grass median from Major Mackenzie Drive to Bloomington Road. A second contract then extended those two lanes north to Aurora Sideroad. These two projects both began in the summer of 2001 and were completed in December. The third contract (see below) was an extension from Davis Drive to Green Lane.[7]

The MTO formally announced plans to alleviate traffic in Newmarket on August 28, 2000: a three contract project to widen and extend Highway 404. The first contract added an additional lane in each direction in the grass median from Major Mackenzie Drive to Bloomington Road. A second contract then extended those two lanes north to Aurora Sideroad. These two projects both began in the summer of 2001 and were completed in December.[7] The third contract called for a four lane extension from Davis Drive to Green Lane and the reconstruction of Green Lane into a four-laned arterial road between Leslie Street and Woodbine Avenue.[36] This contract began shortly after the announcement in September 2000. The extension was opened to traffic on February 8, 2002, at a ceremony attended by York North MPP Julia Munro and York Region chairman Bill Fisch.[37][38] On May 16, 2006, the MTO announced plans to extend Highway 404 by 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Green Lane to Ravenshoe Road at the south end of Keswick. The first contracts were awarded later that year for the construction of the northbound bridge over Green Lane,[39] followed by two structures over Mount Albert Road, west of Woodbine Avenue, begun in late 2008 and completed in 2009.[40][41] By April 2011, the extension had been cleared and graded.[42] Completion was originally scheduled for December 15, 2012, with landscaping work to continue the following spring.[43][44] However, due to soil conditions and utility relocation issues, the project was delayed by nearly two years. The C$99 million extension opened on September 17, 2014.[45]

On December 9, 2016, the MTO announced that the segment between Highway 407 and Stouffville Road would be widened from six to eight lanes with the additional inner lanes to be used as HOV lanes.[46] Much of the work involved paving over the remainder of the grass median and erecting a concrete barrier. A complex part of this project involved the staged replacement of the existing 16th Avenue and Rouge River bridges that have been in service when the freeway opened; the old 16th Avenue underpasses had been widened twice (in 1988 for new ramps, and in 2002 for the freeway expansion) but still only permitted four lanes of an increasingly congested 16th to pass through, while the old Rouge River bridges were originally designed with two freeway lanes each and for the 2002 expansion they were restriped for three lanes by removing the shoulders.[47] A carpool lot was added at Major Mackenzie Drive at the start of the project. Construction north of Major Mackenzie Drive started in 2017 and was completed in 2021,[48] while construction south of Major Mackenzie started in 2019 and was scheduled to be completed by the end of August 2024.[49] The southbound HOV lane south of Stouffville Road opened on September 16, 2024 and the northbound HOV lane opened on September 28, 2024.

Future

[edit]

Long term proposals by the province call for Highway 404 to be extended to Highway 12, between Sunderland and Beaverton. This extension would follow a new alignment to Port Bolster, east of which the freeway would incorporate the existing two lanes of Highway 48. It has drawn criticism from various environmental groups who claim it will only serve to accelerate urban sprawl north of Toronto.[50][51]

Exit list

[edit]

The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 404, as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario.[1] 

DivisionLocationkm[1]miExitDestinationsNotes
Toronto0.0–
0.5		0.0–
0.31		17 Don Valley Parkway south – Downtown Toronto
 Highway 401 – London, Kingston		Highway 404 southern terminus; freeway and exit numbers continue as Don Valley Parkway; Highway 401 exit 375
1.40.8718 Sheppard AvenueDirect southbound exit and entrance from Fairview Mall; to North York General Hospital
3.52.220Finch Avenue
Toronto–York boundaryToronto–Markham boundary5.73.522 Regional Road 8 north (Woodbine Avenue)
Steeles Avenue (Regional Road 95)		Northbound exit and southbound entrance from Woodbine Avenue, full access interchange with Steeles Avenue
YorkMarkham8.95.526 407 ETR – Hamilton, PeterboroughHighway 407 exit 83
Markham–Richmond Hill boundary9.86.127 Regional Road 7 (Highway 7)Formerly Highway 7 until April 1, 1999[52] no access to/from Highway 407
11.87.329 Regional Road 73 (16th Avenue)Eastbound off-ramp and on-ramp at 16th Avenue are located in NE quadrant, due to Buttonville Airport occupying SE quadrant. Originally no interchange; however, in 1988, ramps were added to connect with the freeway south of 16th Avenue, followed in 2003 with ramps connecting to the freeway north of 16th Avenue, making it a full interchange.[24]
13.88.631 Regional Road 25 (Major Mackenzie Drive)
15.79.833 Regional Road 49 (Elgin Mills Road)Exit opened in 2004.
Richmond Hill–Whitchurch-Stouffville boundary20.112.537 Regional Road 14 (Stouffville Road)
Richmond Hill–Aurora–Whitchurch-Stouffville tripoint24.215.041 Regional Road 40 (Bloomington Road)
Aurora–Whitchurch-Stouffville boundary28.417.645 Regional Road 15 (Wellington Street)
Newmarket–Whitchurch-Stouffville boundary32.420.149 Regional Road 74 (Vivian Road, Mulock Road)Northbound exit and southbound entrance
Newmarket–Whitchurch-Stouffville–East Gwillimbury tripoint34.521.451  Regional Road 31 (Davis Drive)To Southlake Regional Heath Centre; to Highway 9
East Gwillimbury36.622.753 Regional Road 19 (Green Lane)Former northern terminus of Highway 404; truck route to Highway 400
38.323.859 Regional Road 77 (Queensville Sideroad) – Queensville
40.525.263Bradford BypassPossible interchange location for proposed freeway
50.131.165  Regional Road 8 (Woodbine Avenue) to Regional Road 32 (Ravenshoe Road)Highway 404 northern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ This demarcation line is visible on the highway as a change in pavement quality and the use of different high-mast lighting

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (2008). "Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) Counts". Government of Ontario. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved December 18, 2011.
  2. ^ a b c d Toronto & Area (Map). 1:25,000. Cartography by MapArt. Peter Heiler Ltd. 2011. pp. 104, 320, 326, 332, 338, 344, 350, 355. §§ T26–F30. ISBN 978-1-55198-213-7.
  3. ^ a b Don Valley Parkway Extension, Highway 401 to Steeles Avenue (Report). Desjardines. 1957.
  4. ^ a b "Highway 404 Northbound Lane Configuration Approaching Highway 401 Interchange" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved April 26, 2011.
  5. ^ Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. "Highway 404 Southbound HOV Lanes at Hwy 401/DVP" (PDF). Government of Ontario. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 4, 2014. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
  6. ^ Larkin, F.K. (Ted) (November 25, 2023). "Toronto Buttonville YKZ Municipal Airport in Markham now Closed". Canadian Aviation News. Retrieved November 30, 2023.
  7. ^ a b c d Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (February 8, 2002). "Backgrounder: Highway 404 Extension – Davis Drive to Green Lane". Government of Ontario. Archived from the original on April 15, 2014. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
  8. ^ Brasier, Dakota; Ikotun, Simisola (March 29, 2022). "Ontario Raising Highway Speed Limits" (Press release). Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. Retrieved July 13, 2024.
  9. ^ Summary Report of Department Operations. Annual Report (Report). Ontario Department of Highways. March 31, 1960. p. 7.
  10. ^ "New Highway Route Metro to Newmarket". The Globe and Mail. Vol. 117, no. 34, 636. Toronto. December 14, 1960. p. 5. Highway Department officials tonight outlined the proposed route the new No. 404 Highway will follow from Steeles Avenue to the Newmarket area.
  11. ^ Robinson, Harold (November 18, 1966). "Parkway Moves North, Confusion, Too". The Globe and Mail. Vol. 123, no. 36, 487. p. 1.
  12. ^ "Parkway Open to 401 Today". The Globe and Mail. November 17, 1966. p. 2.
  13. ^ a b Dexter, Brian (October 25, 1989). "Ontario Studies Plan to Extend Highway 404 Farther North". News. The Toronto Star. p. A8.
  14. ^ "Headache on the 401". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. May 4, 1976. p. 5.
  15. ^ Construction Program: King's and Secondary Highways (Report). Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Ontario. 1975–1976. p. xvii.
  16. ^ "Road-Building Closes 2 Streets". Metro News / Editorials. The Toronto Star. April 14, 1976. p. B1.
  17. ^ a b Construction Program: King's and Secondary Highways (Report). Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Ontario. 1976–1977. p. XV.
  18. ^ Public and Safety Information Branch (November 9, 1978). "Highway 404 (Steeles Ave. to Highway 7) Opens Nov. 10" (Press release). Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Ontario.
  19. ^ Public and Safety Information Branch (December 9, 1980). "Official Opening of Highway 404 Between Major Mackenzie Drive and Gormley" (Press release). Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Ontario.
  20. ^ Stevens, Victoria (January 21, 1981). "York Councillors Fly Over Their Region's Traffic Chaos". News. The Toronto Star. p. A29.
  21. ^ "Ministries at Loggerheads Over Extension of Highway". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. May 26, 1981. p. 5. ProQuest 1143169307 (subscription required).
  22. ^ Keating, John (August 3, 1982). "404 Extension Opens Aug. 10". Neighbours. The Toronto Star. p. 11. The public is cordially invited to attend the official opening of Highway 404, from Gormley Road to Bloomington Side Road on Tuesday, August 10, 1982 at 11:00 a.m. on the southbound lanes of Highway 404 at Bloomington Side Road.
  23. ^ "New Stretch of 404 to Open". Neighbors North Edition. The Toronto Star. September 10, 1985. p. NR12. Highway 404 should be open to the Aurora Sideroad by the end of September, a Ministry of Transportation official said last week.... Tenders for the next and final stage of the highway from the Aurora Sideroad to Davis Drive in Newmarket will be called in December and awarded in January the spokesman said.
  24. ^ a b Transportation and Works Committee (February 10, 2000). Report No. 2 of the Regional Transportation and Works Committee Meeting Held on February 2, 2000 (PDF). Appendix A – Background (Report). Regional Municipality of York. p. 263. Retrieved March 14, 2015.
  25. ^ Dexter, Brian (October 12, 1989). "Highway 404 to Open to Newmarket Oct. 24". North. The Toronto Star. p. 3.
  26. ^ Howell, Peter (October 24, 1989). "New 404 Extension May Worsen Traffic". News. The Toronto Star. p. A7.
  27. ^ a b Dexter, Brian (March 26, 1992). "Province Urged to Study Link of Highways in North of Region". The Toronto Star. p. NY2.
  28. ^ Keung, Nicholas (June 23, 1998). "Highways 404–400 Link a Go". Greater Toronto. The Toronto Star. p. B1.
  29. ^ Mitchell, Bob (June 6, 1997). "At Last – Opening Bell Tolls for the 407". News. The Toronto Star. pp. A1, A6.
  30. ^ Government of Ontario (May 21, 1998). "Notice of Study Completion". The Toronto Star. p. A8.
  31. ^ a b Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (Winter 2006). "New Southbound High Occupancy Vehicle Lane and Tunnel on Highway 404". Road Talk. 12 (1). Archived from the original on April 14, 2014. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
  32. ^ a b "HOV Lane Opens on Highway 404 Northbound". CTV News. July 23, 2007. Retrieved April 26, 2011.
  33. ^ "Government of Ontario, Canada - Newsroom". ogov.newswire.ca. Archived from the original on August 16, 2003. Retrieved July 18, 2022. [not specific enough to verify]
  34. ^ "Eves government improves access to Highway 404 and traffic signals increased safety at 16th Ave. and Highway 404". ogov.newswire.ca. June 19, 2003. Archived from the original on August 21, 2003. Retrieved July 18, 2022.
  35. ^ Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (June 19, 2003). "Eves Government to Open Highway 404/16th Avenue Interchange in Richmond Hill". Government of Ontario. Archived from the original on July 15, 2003. Retrieved May 28, 2011. Transportation Minister and Oak Ridges MPP Frank Klees and Associate Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing and Thornhill MPP Tina Molinari will open the new Highway 404/16th Avenue interchange in Richmond Hill.
  36. ^ Van Rijn, Nicholaas (August 29, 2000). "Longer, Wider Highway 404 in the Works". Greater Toronto. The Toronto Star. p. B3.
  37. ^ Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (February 8, 2002). "New Highway 404 Extension to Benefit Newmarket". Government of Ontario. Archived from the original on April 15, 2014. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
  38. ^ Casey, Patrick (February 8, 2002). "Drivers Have More Options in Northern York Region After Improvements to Green Lane East and Highway 404". News. Regional Municipality of York. Archived from the original on March 11, 2012. Retrieved April 26, 2015. York Region drivers can now access Green Lane East between Leslie Street and Woodbine Avenue in the Town of East Gwillimbury. The Regional Municipality of York today opened the stretch of road in tandem with the completion of a 2.9 kilometre extension of Highway 404 from Davis Drive and Green Lane East.
  39. ^ York Region Transportation and Works Committee. "Report No. 8 of the Transportation and Works Committee Regional Council Meeting of September 21, 2006" (PDF). Regional Municipality of York. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 11, 2012. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
  40. ^ "New Bridges Planned for Future Highway 404 Extension at Mount Albert Road". Daily Commercial News and Construction Record. November 10, 2008. Retrieved April 16, 2012.
  41. ^ Mount Albert interchange bridge date stamp (Bridge stamp (concrete)). Mount Albert overpass at Highway 404. 2009.{{cite sign}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  42. ^ Highway 404 Extension Status Update (PDF) (Report). Government of Ontario. January 12, 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 11, 2012. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
  43. ^ Fleischer, David (June 29, 2011). "Highway 404 Extension to Open Next Year". Metroland Media. Retrieved December 18, 2011.
  44. ^ "404 Extension to Be Delayed by at Least Another Year". 680 News. October 10, 2012. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
  45. ^ Bradley, Dave (September 17, 2014). "Highway 404 Extension Opens". NewsTalk 1010. Archived from the original on December 23, 2014. Retrieved September 17, 2014.
  46. ^ "Ontario and Canada Partnering to Expand Highway 404" (Press release). Government of Ontario. December 9, 2016. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
  47. ^ "Highway 404 Expansion, Highway 407ETR to Major Mackenzie Drive". Sphere Construction. Retrieved April 19, 2022.
  48. ^ Persico, Amanda (January 23, 2019). "What's Going on Here?: Widening Hwy. 404 at Stouffville Road". YorkRegion.com. Metroland Media. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
  49. ^ https://www.hwy404hov.info/ [bare URL]
  50. ^ Winfield, Mark (April 13, 2006). "404 Extension a Highway to Sprawl, Environmental Groups Charge". The Pembina Institute. Retrieved July 10, 2010.
  51. ^ "2015 10-Year Roads and Transit Capital Construction Program" (PDF). Regional Municipality of York. February 26, 2015. Retrieved June 9, 2015.
  52. ^ Highway Transfers List (Report). Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. April 1, 1997. pp. 3, 4, 6–8.
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