Herophydrus musicus
| Herophydrus musicus | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Dytiscidae |
| Genus: | Herophydrus |
| Species: | H. musicus
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| Binomial name | |
| Herophydrus musicus (Klug, 1834)
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| Synonyms | |
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Herophydrus musicus, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in Asia and Europe.[2][3][4]
Distribution
[edit]The species is widely distributed throughout Middle East, European and Asian regions. It is found in Afghanistan, China, Europe, Iran,[5] Iraq, Israel, Kazakhstan, Myanmar, Nepal, North Africa, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey,[6] Uzbekistan and Yemen.[7] It is the only species of the genus Herophydrus occurring on the European mainland. In Europe, the beetle is found in Spain, Italy, Greece, Malta, Maltese Islands, Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, the South European Territory of Russia, Canary Islands, Croatia, Bulgaria and the Greek island of Peloponnese.[8]
Description
[edit]This small species has a body length of 2.88 to 3.60 mm.[9] Head shiny and pale ferrugineous in color sometimes there is a posteriorly narrow darkened area. Punctation in head is fine to rather fine, scattered and irregularly distributed. There is a densely punctate, narrow furrow at inner eye margin. Head almost totally pale and without dark interocular marking. Head frontal margin incomplete and laterally well-developed. Antenna pale ferrugineous. Pronotum shiny and with curved to almost straight lateral outline. It is pale ferrugineous in color. Anteriorly and posteriorly a fairly narrow darkened area is visible. Punctation dense to fairly dense and slightly irregularly distributed. Elytra pale ferrugineous and shiny, with dark ferrugineous to blackish variable markings. Some specimen has strongly reduced dark stripes. Elytral punctation is fine and densely distributed. Ventrum blackish to dark ferrugineous. Prothorax pale ferrugineous and shiny. Punctation coarse to rather fine and irregularly distributed. Legs are pale ferrugineous where lower parts of hindlegs are musch darker. Protarsi and mesotarsi are slightly enlarged. In male aedeagus obtuse and lacks sharp lateral flaps dorsally.[10]
Larva fusiformate. Sclerites are brownish. Stemmata present. Second antennomere lack second setae, whereas antennomere 3 lacks ventro-apical spinula. Prementum consists with lateral spinulae.[11]
Biology
[edit]It is a desert species inhabited in small, exposed, sparsely or only partly vegetated bodies of water on heavy loam and clay soils. Beetle larvae are found in shallow irrigation ponds, with substrate of sand and clay and with vegetation of Juncus and Typha angustifolia growth.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ "Taxonomic and distributional notes on Hygrotus STEPHENS, with emphasis on the Chinese fauna and a key to the Palearctic species" (PDF). JAcil & Jl (eels.): Water Hectics of China Vol.111 133–193 Wien, April 2003. Retrieved 2021-08-07.
- ^ "Herophydrus musicus (Klug, 1834)". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2021-08-09.
- ^ "Herophydrus musicus". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 2021-08-09.
- ^ Alarie, Yves; Cuppen, Jan G.M.; Hendrich, Lars; Nilsson, Anders N. (2001). "Description of larvae of Herophydrus musicus (Klug) and analysis of relationships with members of the genus Hygrotus Stephens (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae)". Aquatic Insects. 23 (3): 193–207. Bibcode:2001AqIns..23..193A. doi:10.1076/aqin.23.3.193.4888. S2CID 85339749. Retrieved 2021-08-07.
- ^ Shaverdo, Helena V.; Esfandiari, Mehdi; Nasserzadeh, Hiva (October 2013). "Diving beetles of Ahvaz City, Khuzestan Province, Iran". Koleopterologische Rundschau 83 17–22 Wien, September 2013. Retrieved 2021-08-07.
- ^ Darilmaz, Mustafa Cemal; Polat, Ahmet; Incekara, Ümit; Mart, Abdullah (2015). "Faunistic Study on Dytiscidae, Haliplidae and Noteridae (Coleoptera: Adephaga) in Middle and Eastern Black Sea Regions, Turkey". Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 47 (5): 1239–1252. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.1061.3988.
- ^ Ghosh, Sujit Kr. (2015). "Further Contribution On Diving Beetles From Maharashtra, India, (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)". Records of the Zoological Survey of India. 115 (1): 81–84. ISSN 0375-1511. Retrieved 2021-08-06.
- ^ a b Scheers, Kevin (October 2015). "New distribution records of Herophydrus musicus (Klug, 1834) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)". Bulletin de la Société royale belge d'Entomologie/Bulletin van de Koninklijke Belgische vereniging voor entomologie. 151 (2): 184–187. Retrieved 2021-08-07.
- ^ "Herophydrus musicus". www.kaefer-der-welt.de. Retrieved 2021-08-09.
- ^ "Herophydrus SHARP: cladistic analysis, taxonomic revision of the African species, and world check list (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)" (PDF). Koleopterologische Rundschau 72 15–111 Wien, Juni 2002. Retrieved 2021-08-07.
- ^ Alarie, Yves; Cuppen, Jan G. M.; Hendrich, Lars; Nilsson, Anders N. (2001-07-01). "Description of Larvae of Herophydrus musicus (Klug) and Analysis of Relationships with Members of the Genus Hygrotus Stephens (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae)". Aquatic Insects. 23 (3): 193–207. Bibcode:2001AqIns..23..193A. doi:10.1076/aqin.23.3.193.4888. S2CID 85339749. Retrieved 2021-08-09.
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