Helicoverpa

Helicoverpa
	Helicoverpa armigera
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Superfamily:	Noctuoidea
Family:	Noctuidae
Subfamily:	Heliothinae
Genus:	Helicoverpa; Hardwick, 1965

Helicoverpa is a genus of moths in the family Noctuidae first described by David F. Hardwick in 1965.^[1]^[2] Some species are among the worst Lepidopteran agricultural pests in the world, and three species (H. armigera, H. zea, and H. punctigera) migrate long distances both with and without human transportation, mixing resistance alleles along the way.^[3]

Extant species

Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1805) – cotton bollworm
Helicoverpa assulta (Guenée, 1852)
Helicoverpa atacamae Hardwick, 1965
Helicoverpa fletcheri Hardwick, 1965
Helicoverpa gelotopoeon (Dyar, 1921)
Helicoverpa hardwicki Matthews, 1999
Helicoverpa hawaiiensis Quaintance & Brues, 1905
Helicoverpa helenae Hardwick, 1965
Helicoverpa pallida Hardwick, 1965
Helicoverpa prepodes Common, 1985
Helicoverpa punctigera Wallengren, 1860
Helicoverpa titicacae
Helicoverpa toddi Hardwick, 1965
Helicoverpa zea Boddie, 1850

Extinct species

Confused moth (Helicoverpa confusa)
Minute noctuid moth (Helicoverpa minuta)

References

^ Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching, I.; Simonsen, T.; Robinson, G.; Pitkin, B.; Hine, A.; Lyal, C., eds. (2003). "Helicoverpa". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Natural History Museum. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
^ Savela, Markku. "Helicoverpa Hardwick, 1965". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
^ Jones, Christopher M.; Parry, Hazel; Tay, Wee Tek; Reynolds, Don R.; Chapman, Jason W. (2019-01-07). "Movement ecology of pest Helicoverpa: implications for ongoing spread". Annual Review of Entomology. 64 (1): 277–295. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111959. PMID 30296859. S2CID 52944198.

External links

Helicoverpa Diapause Induction and Emergence Tool

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[LepIndex-1] Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching, I.; Simonsen, T.; Robinson, G.; Pitkin, B.; Hine, A.; Lyal, C., eds. (2003). "Helicoverpa". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index. Natural History Museum. Retrieved 3 April 2024.

[Savela-2] Savela, Markku. "Helicoverpa Hardwick, 1965". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved 3 April 2024.

[Jones-et-al-2019-3] Jones, Christopher M.; Parry, Hazel; Tay, Wee Tek; Reynolds, Don R.; Chapman, Jason W. (2019-01-07). "Movement ecology of pest Helicoverpa: implications for ongoing spread". Annual Review of Entomology. 64 (1): 277–295. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-011118-111959. PMID 30296859. S2CID 52944198.

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