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Hedrum Church

Coordinates: 59°07′24″N 10°03′37″E / 59.123197°N 10.060185°E / 59.123197; 10.060185
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Hedrum Church
Hedrum kirke
View of the church
Map
59°07′24″N 10°03′37″E / 59.123197°N 10.060185°E / 59.123197; 10.060185
LocationLarvik Municipality,
Vestfold
CountryNorway
DenominationChurch of Norway
Previous denominationCatholic Church
ChurchmanshipEvangelical Lutheran
History
StatusParish church
Founded11th century
Consecratedc. 1100
Architecture
Functional statusActive
Architectural typeLong church
StyleRomanesque
Completedc. 1100
(924 years ago) (1100)
Specifications
Capacity300[1]
MaterialsStone
Administration
DioceseTunsberg
DeaneryLarvik prosti
ParishHedrum
TypeChurch
StatusAutomatically protected
ID84515

Hedrum Church (Norwegian: Hedrum kirke) is a medieval parish church of the Church of Norway in Larvik Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hedrum, along the river Numedalslågen. It is the church for the Hedrum parish which is part of the Larvik prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. The red wood and brown/gray stone church was built in a Romanesque long church design around the year 1100 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 300 people.[1][2][3]: 139  As a medieval building, it automatically has protected cultural heritage status.[4]

History

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Hedrum Church is named in the Borgarting Christian law code (kristenrett), written around the year 1080. It was one of six "county churches" (fylkeskirke) in the area around the Oslo Fjord. Before the dioceses were created, the clergy of the county churches were appointed by the king.[5] The first church in Hedrum was likely a wooden post church that was built around the year 1060 (a celebration of the 950th anniversary of the church was held in 2010).[6][7]

During the first half of the 1100s, the wooden church was torn down and a new stone church was built on the same site. The new church was dedicated to the archangel Michael. The church originally was simply constructed with a nave and chancel. Not too long after its construction, an apse was built to the east of the choir. In 1666, the nave was extended by about 4 metres (13 ft) to the west.[8][9]

In 1814, this church served as an election church (Norwegian: valgkirke).[10][11] Together with more than 300 other parish churches across Norway, it was a polling station for elections to the 1814 Norwegian Constituent Assembly which wrote the Constitution of Norway. This was Norway's first national elections. Each church parish was a constituency that elected people called "electors" who later met together in each county to elect the representatives for the assembly that was to meet in Eidsvoll later that year.[10][12]

Building

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The church has a rectangular nave, a square chancel, and a semicircular apse.[9] Archaeological studies of the structure indicate that the apse was built later. The arch leading to the apse has the same configuration as the arch to the chancel, suggesting that they may have been created at the same time. All the worked stone is granite. All windows except the east window of the nave were added after the Reformation. The nave's north wall has always been windowless. The south portal of the chancel is particularly elaborate and on the west wing there are two well-known motifs: the beard puller and the tongue puller. In 1859, a large wooden tower was built on the west end of the church building.

The church underwent restoration in the 1920s. A new sacristy was built on the north side of the choir (previously there had been a sacristy at the south portal, but this was torn down). Also, the white plaster on the stone walls was removed, so that the stonework was all exposed.[9]

Inventory

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The altarpiece was given to the church by Peder Tøgersen and Hilvig Mickelsdatter in 1664. There are two female figures carved on either side of inner part of the pediment; the one on the left represents Temperance, and the one on the right Wisdom. They are flanked by Saint Peter holding a key and Saint John holding a chalice. The painting in the center shows the Resurrection of Jesus.

There are many gravestones with coats of arms covering large parts of the floor in the church.[13] The church's gravestones are registered with the Genealogy Society of Norway (DIS-Norge, Slekt og Data). There is an Iron Age burial ground near the church.[3]: 68 

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  • Altar pediment
    Altar pediment
  • Madonna from c. 1300
    Madonna from c. 1300
  • Apse
    Apse

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Hedrum kirke". Kirkesøk: Kirkebyggdatabasen. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  2. ^ "Oversikt over Nåværende Kirker" (in Norwegian). KirkeKonsulenten.no. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  3. ^ a b Krohn-Holm, Jan W (1978). Hedrum bygdebok: Kulturhistorie (in Norwegian). Hedrum: Hedrum kommune.
  4. ^ "LOV 1978-06-09 nr 50: Lov om kulturminner – § 4. Automatisk fredete kulturminner" (in Norwegian). Lovdata. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  5. ^ Gathorne-Hardy, Geoffrey Malcolm (1956). A Royal Impostor: King Sverre of Norway. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 16.
  6. ^ Sandbrekkene, Bjørn-Tore (27 June 2015). "En svært personlig gave". Østlands-Posten (in Norwegian).
  7. ^ Bjerke, Odd, ed. (2010). Hedrum kirke: 950-årsjubileum 2010 (in Norwegian). Larvik: Hedrum kirke. ISBN 9788230315934.
  8. ^ "Hedrum kirkested" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  9. ^ a b c "Hedrum kirke". Norges-Kirker.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  10. ^ a b "Valgkirkene". LokalHistorieWiki.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  11. ^ "Valgkartet". Valgene i 1814 (in Norwegian). Arkivverket. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  12. ^ "Om valgene". Valgene i 1814 (in Norwegian). Arkivverket. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  13. ^ Brendalsmo, Jan (2010). "Fylkeskirken i Hedrum". In Bjerke, Odd (ed.). Hedrum kirke 950-års jubileum 2010 (in Norwegian). Larvik: Hedrum kirke. pp. 27–35 and 274–275.

Further reading

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  • Ekroll, Øystein; Stige, Morten; Havran, Jiri (2000). "Middelalder i stein". Kirkene i Norge (in Norwegian). Vol. 1. Oslo: ARFO. pp. 92–95. ISBN 8291399093.
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