Hayrullah Fişek

Hayrullah Fişek
Hayrullah Fişek
	Mirliva Hayrullah Pasha (11 November 1932)
Turkish Army
Undersecretary for the Ministry of National Defence
Personal details
Born	3 June 1885; Kalkandelen, Ottoman Empire ; (currently Tetovo, North Macedonia)
Died	13 July 1975 (aged 90); Ankara, Turkey
Nationality	Ottoman, Turkish
Awards	Turkish Medal of Independence ; Order of the Medjidie
Military service
Allegiance	Ottoman Empire, Turkey
Rank	Major general
Battles/wars	First Balkan War; Second Balkan War; World War I; Caucasus Campaign; Battle of Sakarya

General Hayrullah Fişek (1885–1975) was a career officer in the Ottoman Army and the Turkish Army (Captain, Ottoman War Academy, 1904 - rtd. 1945, Major-General (Mirliva)^[1] Undersecretary for the Ministry of National Defence).

Life

Hayrullah Fişek, born to an ethnic Albanian family in Kalkandelen (now Tetovo, North Macedonia), was a senior officer in the Ottoman Army. Hayrullah was given the name Fişek, meaning cartridge in Turkish. Hayrullah Fişek was a direct descendant of Süleyman Aga "Fişekçi" (born around 1775 in Kalkandelen), the founder of the Fişek family of Albanian descent.

His parents were Hafiz Süleyman Efendi (1849 Kalkandelen – 1894 Balıkesir), a Land Registry Officer and Fatma Hanko (1847 Kalkandelen –1930 Istanbul), Sheikh Mustafa Ruhi Efendi's daughter.^[2] He was of Albanian descent.

Military career

He entered the Ottoman Military College in 1901. He completed the Military Academy as the seventh of the class in 1904 (1320-P.7) and joined the Ottoman military as an Infantry Second Lieutenant (Mülazım-ı Sani). In 1906, he entered the Staff College and he graduated as a Distinguished Captain (Mümtaz Yüzbaşı).^[3]

During the Turkish Independence War, he participated in the Battle of Sakarya as the chief of staff of the Provisional Corps (Mürettep Kolordu)^[4] and he served as the chief of staff of XIV Corps, Kocaeli Group, III Corps with the rank of staff lieutenant colonel.^[5] He also participated in battle at Balıkesir, Soma and Bandırma. He retired in 1946.^[6]

Family

He had one sister named Hatice (1873–1902) and 3 brothers : Abdülhâmit Bey (1866–1917), a Finance officer, Nuri Bey (1878–1945), and Zekeriya Bey (1880–1932), both officers of the Turkish Army.

Hayrullah married Mukaddes Fişek (1891–1958) and they had two sons: Nusret Fişek M.D. (1914–1990), Undersecretary, Ministry of Health and Hicri Fişek (1918–2002), Professor of International Law.

Photos

Hayrullah, 1917 (31 years old)^[7]
Battle of Sakarya, 10 September 1921. Duatepe, Polatli, observation hill. Fevzi Çakmak, Kazım Özalp, Mustafa Kemal, İsmet İnönü and Hayrullah Fişek
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk greeting General Hayrullah Fişek, Ankara Railway station, mid-1930s
Hayrullah with his two sons Nusret Fişek and Hicri Fişek, Edirne, 1933
Hayrullah Pasha in 1935, Tekirdağ

References

^ Mahmut Goloğlu, Cumhuriyete doğru, 1921-1922, Başnur Matbaası, p. 307. (in Turkish)
^ Nathalie Clayer (January 2007). Aux origines du nationalisme albanais: la naissance d'une nation (in French). KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845868168. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
^ Harp Akademileri Komutanlığı, Harp Akademilerinin 120 Yılı, İstanbul, 1968, p. 37. (in Turkish)
^ Sabahattin Özel, Kocaeli ve Sakarya İllerinde Millî Mücadele (1919-1922), Adapazarı Belediyesi, 1987, p. 165. (in Turkish)
^ "Kocatepe Zafer Yürüyüşü-Afyonkarahisar Kocatepe Üniversitesi". Archived from the original on May 26, 2007. Retrieved October 10, 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link), Afyon Kocatepe University
^ Nusret Baycan, "Türk İstiklâl Harbinde Terfi veya Takdirname ile Taltif Edilen Subaylar", (Gnkur. ATASE Başkanlığı Arşivi, Dosya No. 2, 1320-P.3 : 1325-P.1587) p. 25. Archived 2011-10-02 at the Wayback Machine
^ Fisek Family Web Site

External links

[Goloğlu-1] Mahmut Goloğlu, Cumhuriyete doğru, 1921-1922, Başnur Matbaası, p. 307. (in Turkish)

[2] Nathalie Clayer (January 2007). Aux origines du nationalisme albanais: la naissance d'une nation (in French). KARTHALA Editions. ISBN 9782845868168. Retrieved 21 February 2011.

[3] Harp Akademileri Komutanlığı, Harp Akademilerinin 120 Yılı, İstanbul, 1968, p. 37. (in Turkish)

[4] Sabahattin Özel, Kocaeli ve Sakarya İllerinde Millî Mücadele (1919-1922), Adapazarı Belediyesi, 1987, p. 165. (in Turkish)

[5] "Kocatepe Zafer Yürüyüşü-Afyonkarahisar Kocatepe Üniversitesi". Archived from the original on May 26, 2007. Retrieved October 10, 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link), Afyon Kocatepe University

[6] Nusret Baycan, "Türk İstiklâl Harbinde Terfi veya Takdirname ile Taltif Edilen Subaylar", (Gnkur. ATASE Başkanlığı Arşivi, Dosya No. 2, 1320-P.3 : 1325-P.1587) p. 25. Archived 2011-10-02 at the Wayback Machine

[7] Fisek Family Web Site

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