Hanover County Courthouse
Hanover County Courthouse | |
 Historic Hanover County Courthouse and Hanover Civil War Memorial | |
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 Interactive map showing the location of Hanover County Courthouse | |
| Location | Hanover Court House, Virginia |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 37°45′47″N 77°22′3″W / 37.76306°N 77.36750°W |
| Built | 1735 |
| Architectural style | Georgian |
| Part of | Hanover County Courthouse Historic District (ID71000980) |
| NRHP reference No. | 69000247 |
| VLR No. | 042-0016 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | October 1, 1969[2] |
| Designated NHL | November 7, 1973[3] |
| Designated CP | September 22, 1971 |
| Designated VLR | November 5, 1968[1] |
Hanover County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located in the community of Hanover Courthouse, the county seat of Hanover County, Virginia. Built about 1735, it is one of the nation's oldest courthouses still in use for that purpose. It is historically notable as the site of the Parson's Cause case, which was argued by Patrick Henry in 1763. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1973.[2] A modern courthouse complex stands nearby, which now houses most of the county's judicial functions.
Description and history
[edit]The Hanover County Courthouse is located in the center of the small community formally called Hanover Courthouse (but is more colloquially known just as "Hanover"). It is set on a grassy quadrangle on the north side of United States Route 301, with other 18th-century buildings nearby that make up the Hanover County Courthouse Historic District. It is a single-story brick building, with a tall hipped roof with modillioned cornice, and three chimneys. It is laid out in a T shape, with the courtroom in the rear-projecting leg of the T, the judge's quarters on the left side, and a jury room on the right. The front of the building is distinguished by an arcade of rounded arches.[4]
Hanover County was created in 1720 by the Colony of Virginia. The courthouse was built about 1735, supposedly by William Meriwether, who also built and operated the original Hanover Tavern, just across the main road. Its design was apparently based on the courthouse of King William County to the southeast.[5]
In 1763, Patrick Henry, who lived and practiced law in Hanover County, argued the case of the Parson's Cause, involving King George III's veto of local legislation changing tax rates for the support of local Anglican ministry despite their objections and those of the House of Burgesses. Henry, representing the county, accused the King of tyranny in overturning colonial law without regard to the wishes of his subjects.[6][7]
A new modern government complex with two court buildings was built and opened in 1979 adjacent to the 1735 courthouse, which is still actively used for periodic judicial proceedings to alleviate crowded court dockets and also for handling ceremonial events[8]
See also
[edit]- Oldest courthouses in the United States
- List of National Historic Landmarks in Virginia
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Hanover County, Virginia
References
[edit]- ^ "Virginia Landmarks Register". Virginia Department of Historic Resources. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
- ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
- ^ "Hanover County Courthouse". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on December 30, 2007. Retrieved April 12, 2008.
- ^ "NHL nomination for Hanover County Courthouse". National Park Service. Retrieved January 28, 2016.
- ^ "History of Hanover County". Hanover County Historical Society. Retrieved January 28, 2016.
- ^ Patrick Henry biography
- ^ Patrick Henry
- ^ "Hanover Courthouse has an illustrious history By Larry Hall, Times-Dispatch Librarian/Researcher". Archived from the original on October 18, 2008. Retrieved April 12, 2008.
External links
[edit]
- Hanover County Courthouse, U.S. Route 301, Hanover, Hanover County, VA: 3 photos at Historic American Buildings Survey
- Hanover County website
- Hanover County Historic Resources website
- Map and directions to Hanover County Government Complex including historic Courthouse and current General District Court and Circuit Court buildings
- National Historic Landmarks Program listing for Hanover County Courthouse
- National Historic Landmarks in Virginia
- County courthouses in Virginia
- Buildings and structures in Hanover County, Virginia
- Government buildings completed in 1735
- Georgian architecture in Virginia
- Courthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
- National Register of Historic Places in Hanover County, Virginia
- Historic American Buildings Survey in Virginia
- Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Virginia
- Patrick Henry
- Brick buildings and structures in Virginia