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Habib Saher

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Habib Saher
Born1903
Tark, Mianeh, Iran
Died1988
Tehran, Iran
Occupationpoet, fiction writer

Habib Saher (Persian: حبیب ساهر, Azerbaijani: Həbib Sahir, b. 1903 in Mianeh, Eastern Azerbaijan — d. 1988 in Tehran), was an Azerbaijani poet, writer, translator and literary researcher. The founder of Turkish free poetry in Iran.

Even after the establishment of the National Government of Azerbaijan, he wrote the "Mother Language" textbook for schoolchildren. He wrote articles in the press with signatures such as "Aydın", "Ülker", "Ağ".

He was exiled many times for his activities. After the Iranian Islamic Revolution, he committed suicide by hanging himself.

Life

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Mir Habib Qawami was born in 1903 in Sirkhab neighborhood of Tabriz.[1][2] First, he learned to read and write in Arabic at the "Sardaba ustu" mullah school. Later, he received primary education at "Madaris-i Motamida" and "Rushdiyya" schools. After finishing his primary education, he entered the "Madrasei Mubarak-e Mahammadiyya" high school.[3] And here he was a classmate of Muhammadhuseyn Shahriyar.[4]

Mirza Tagikhan Rafat Tabrizi, who was a teacher of French language and literature during his studies at the high school, was his teacher.[5] Under the influence of Mirza Tagikha, Habib Sahir became interested in Western literature. He gets acquainted with the publications "Rasmli ay" and "Sarvati-funun" published in Turkey.[6] Here, Jalal took the nickname "Sahir" because he liked Sahir's works. Together with their fellow students, they publish "Anjuman-i Rafat" and "Adab" newspapers.[7] After the assassination of Sheikh Mohammad Khiabani and the collapse of Azadistan, both newspapers ceased publication.[8]

After finishing his education, he works as a teacher for some time. He sends part of the money he earns to his family in Tabriz, and the rest he collects in order to get a higher education in Turkey.[9]

Habib Sahir went to Turkey in 1927. He worked as a teacher of Persian language and literature for two years at the "Dabistane-Iraniyan" school opened for Iranians living here.[10] In 1929, he was admitted to the Faculty of History and Geography of Istanbul University.[11][3] Here he gets acquainted with contemporary Turkish and French poetry and learns the French language.[12] During his studies, he translated French poet Charles Baudelaire's new poems ("The Enemy"), as well as Lamartine's famous poem "Lake", Sadi's "Gülüstan", Hafiz Shirazi's ghazals into Azerbaijani Turkish.[13] He wrote and defended his diploma thesis entitled "Natural Geography of Iran-Azerbaijan". With the advice of his teacher Sadi Bey, he published his diploma work serially in the magazine "Azərbaycan Yurd Bilgisi".[10]

After completing his studies, he returned to Tabriz in 1933. With the appointment of the Department of Education, he started wordking as a geography teacher at a school in Tabriz. In addition, he also wrote textbooks for students. In 1936, by the decision of the Tabriz Ministry of Education, his textbook "Geography of Khamsa" was published in Zanjan and was awarded a prize.[14] Later, he is sent to Zanjan to work as a teacher.[14][15]

In 1941, Azerbaijani intellectuals who came to Tabriz as part of the Azerbaijan SSR delegation caused positive changes in the literary and cultural environment of the city.[16] During this period, Habib Sahir's poems, translations and articles were published in newspapers and magazines such as "Azerbaijan", "On the Homeland", "Shafaq", "Azad Millat", "Yeni Sharq".[17][18] During the years he lived in Tabriz, his Persian books "Shaqaiq", "Shadows", "Night Legend", "Selected Poems" were published.[19] After the establishment of the Azerbaijan National Government in 1945-1946, he wrote the "Mother Language" textbook for schoolchildren and appeared in the press under the signature "Aydin".[8]

After the collapse of the National Government, he continued teaching. He continues to write poems and stories in his native language with secret signatures such as "Aydın", "Ülker", "Ağ". After this activity was revealed, a sentence was passed and he was exiled to Ardabil.[20] Here, a teacher starts working at the "Safaviyya" school. During his time at the school, he was constantly warned because his classes were held in Azerbaijani. As a result, after 3 years, he was removed from Ardabil and exiled to Qazvin. Since there was no change in his activities here, he was exiled to the city of Sari located in Mazandaran.[21] Because he contracted malaria, he was sent back to Qazvin, where he lived for 13 years.[8] Later, he moved to Tehran.

In 1965, his first book of poetry written in his native language "Lyric Poems" was published.[22] His books "Morning shines", "Lights that don't go out", "Scattered memories", "Kovshan" were published after the Iranian Islamic Revolution.[23][24] In addition, he also wrote poems in French and short stories in Arabic.[25]

Family

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Habib Sahir's grandfather moved to Tabriz from the city of Tark, Miyana.[26][27] His father Mir Qavam Sahir was kidnapped and killed in 1908 during the Mashruta movement.[28] His mother was from the Bayat tribe. There were 4 brothers and 1 sister in the family.[1]

In 1946, when he was 43 years old, he married Nusrat ul-mulk Nuri.[8] From this marriage, sons named Hamid and Said, daughters named Manisa and Sureyya were born.[29]

Death

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In 1988, after receiving news that he would be arrested again after the Iranian Islamic Revolution,[30][31] he committed suicide by hanging himself from the window of his apartment in the city of Aryashahr near Tehran (now Sadeghiya).[32] He was buried in "Behishti-Zahra" cemetery in Tehran.[33][34][35]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Pərvanə Məmmədli (2015). Cәnubi Azәrbaycan: әdәbi şәxsiyyәtlәr, portretlәr (PDF). Bakı: Sabah. p. 26. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-06. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
  2. ^ Cənubi Azərbaycan Ədəbiyyati Antologiyası. Vol. II. Baku: Elm nəşriyyatı. 1983. p. 225. Archived from the original on 2023-04-20. Retrieved 2023-04-20.
  3. ^ a b Ali Kafkasyalı (2002). İran Türk Edebiyatı Antolojisi. Vol. V. Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınları. p. 15. Archived from the original on 2023-04-11. Retrieved 2023-04-11.
  4. ^ يحيي مرتضايي (2014-12-24). "حبيب ساهر، از نوگرايي درشعر فارسي تا سبك آفريني در ادبيات تركي" (in Persian). irna.ir. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
  5. ^ Pərvanə Məmmədli (2015). Cənubi Azərbaycan ədəbiyyatı məsələləri (PDF). Bakı: Sabah. p. 212. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-03-19. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
  6. ^ Vəfa Xanoğlan (2022-03-17). "Həbib Sahir yaradıcılığı və Türkiyə ədəbi mühiti, şəxsiyyəti və poeziyası haqqında düşüncələr - Vəfa XANOĞLAN". Ədəbiyyat qəzeti. Baku. Archived from the original on 2022-06-29. Retrieved 2023-04-12.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  7. ^ Pərvanə Məmmədli (2015). Cәnubi Azәrbaycan: әdәbi şәxsiyyәtlәr, portretlәr (PDF). Baku: Sabah. p. 27. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-06. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
  8. ^ a b c d Esmira Fuad (2020-07-02). "Mən əsir ellərin şairiyəm - Həbib Sahir" (in Azerbaijani). Xalq Cəbhəsi qəzeti. Archived from the original on 2023-04-10. Retrieved 2023-04-10.
  9. ^ Həbib Sahir (2005). Seçilmiş əsərləri (PDF). Baku: Lider nəşriyyatı. p. 4. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2021-01-08.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  10. ^ a b Pərvanə Məmmədli (2015). Cәnubi Azәrbaycan: әdәbi şәxsiyyәtlәr, portretlәr (PDF). Baku: Sabah. p. 28. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-06. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
  11. ^ Rəsul Yunan (2008). Yanan Yaşıl - Həbib Sahirin seçilmiş əsərləri. Tehran: Nashreafkar. p. 21. ISBN 978-964-8910-82-7. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
  12. ^ Timur (2022-12-15). "Güneyli şair Həbib Sahirin (Ülkər) anım günüdür" (in Azerbaijani). GünAz TV. Archived from the original on 2022-12-22. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
  13. ^ Pərvanə Məmmədli (2015). Cәnubi Azәrbaycan: әdәbi şәxsiyyәtlәr, portretlәr (PDF). Baku: Sabah. p. 37. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-06. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
  14. ^ a b Pərvanə Məmmədli (2015). Cәnubi Azәrbaycan: әdәbi şәxsiyyәtlәr, portretlәr (PDF). Baku: Sabah. p. 30. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-06. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
  15. ^ Həbib Sahir (2005). Seçilmiş əsərləri (PDF). Baku: Lider nəşriyyatı. p. 5. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2021-01-08.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  16. ^ Pərvanə Məmmədli (2015). Cәnubi Azәrbaycan: әdәbi şәxsiyyәtlәr, portretlәr (PDF). Baku: Sabah. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-06. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
  17. ^ Vəfa Əliyev (2000). Hüriyyət fədaisi (Həbib Sahirin taleyi və ədəbi irsi). Baku: Ozan nəşriyyatı. p. 35. Archived from the original on 2023-04-17. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
  18. ^ Həbib Sahir (2005). Seçilmiş əsərləri (PDF). Baku: Lider nəşriyyatı. p. 8. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2021-01-08.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  19. ^ Pərvanə Məmmədli (2015). Cәnubi Azәrbaycan: әdәbi şәxsiyyәtlәr, portretlәr (PDF). Bakı: Sabah. p. 34. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-06. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
  20. ^ Savalan Fərəcov (2023-01-11). "Cənublu soydaşlarımıza mübarizə ruhu aşılayan şair" (in Azerbaijani). medeniyyet.az. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
  21. ^ Vəfa Əliyev (2000). Hüriyyət fədaisi (Həbib Sahirin taleyi və ədəbi irsi). Baku: Ozan nəşriyyatı. p. 21. Archived from the original on 2023-04-17. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
  22. ^ Pərvanə Məmmədli (2015). Cәnubi Azәrbaycan: әdәbi şәxsiyyәtlәr, portretlәr (PDF). Bakı: Sabah. p. 32. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-06. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
  23. ^ Bəkir Nəbiyev (1984). Söz ürəkdən gələndə. Baku: Yazıçı nəşriyyatı. p. 200. Archived from the original on 2023-04-17. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
  24. ^ Həbib Sahir (2005). Seçilmiş əsərləri (PDF). Baku: Lider nəşriyyatı. p. 6. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2021-01-08.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  25. ^ Vəfa Əliyev (2000). Hüriyyət fədaisi (Həbib Sahirin taleyi və ədəbi irsi). Baku: Ozan nəşriyyatı. p. 29. Archived from the original on 2023-04-17. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
  26. ^ "Həbib Sahirin həyatı", Peyk e Azər, Zanjan, p. 6, 2001, archived from the original on 2016-10-21
  27. ^ Əlirza Quluncu (2013-01-09). "Təbrizdə Həbib Sahirin xatirəsi anılıb" (in Azerbaijani). Voice of America. Archived from the original on 2023-04-11. Retrieved 2023-04-11.
  28. ^ Guləddin İsmayilov (2021-07-16). "Həbib Sahir (Ülkər)" (in Azerbaijani). aze.adfmk.com. Archived from the original on 2021-07-31. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  29. ^ Vəfa Əliyev (2000). Hüriyyət fədaisi (Həbib Sahirin taleyi və ədəbi irsi). Baku: Ozan nəşriyyatı. p. 25. Archived from the original on 2023-04-17. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
  30. ^ Əkbər Ənvərian Ağdam (2012), "Güney Azerbaycanlı Habib Sâhir", Türk Dünyası Dil ve Edebiyat Dergisi 33. Sayı, Ankara, p. 28, ISSN 2651-5091, archived from the original on 2023-04-17, retrieved 2023-04-12
  31. ^ Vəfa Əliyev (2000). Hüriyyət fədaisi (Həbib Sahirin taleyi və ədəbi irsi). Baku: Ozan nəşriyyatı. p. 27. Archived from the original on 2023-04-17. Retrieved 2023-04-12.
  32. ^ Pərvanə Məmmədli (2015). Cәnubi Azәrbaycan: әdәbi şәxsiyyәtlәr, portretlәr (PDF). Bakı: Sabah. p. 40. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-06. Retrieved 2023-04-06.
  33. ^ Vaqif Sultanlı, İrəc İsmayıl (2017). Güney Azərbaycan nəsri. Antologiya (PDF). Bakı. p. 155. ISBN 978-9952-507-16-4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-07-28. Retrieved 2021-01-08.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  34. ^ "Həbib Sahirin həyatı". Archived from the original on 2022-03-30. Retrieved 2018-09-23.
  35. ^ Rəsul Yunan (2008). Yanan Yaşıl - Həbib Sahirin seçilmiş əsərləri. Tehran: Nashreafkar. p. 26. ISBN 978-964-8910-82-7. Archived from the original on 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2023-04-12.

Source

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