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HST-2

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other ships named Puerto Rico operated by the United States Government, see USS Puerto Rico.
"Alakai" redirects here. For the locality on Kauaʻi, see Alakai Wilderness Area.

HST-2 leaving Yarmouth Harbour
History
United States
NameAlakai
Owner
Operator
Port of registry
BuilderAustal USA
CostUS$88M
Yard number615
Way number1
Laid downJune 3, 2004
LaunchedJanuary 18, 2007
ChristenedApril 14, 2007
Maiden voyageAugust, 2007
In service2007
Identification
StatusIn service
General characteristics
TypeFerry
Tonnage8,127 GT
Displacement1,646 tons
Length349 ft (106 m)
Beam78 ft (24 m)
Draft12 ft (3.7 m)
Decks4
Deck clearance14 ft (4.3 m)
Installed power4 x MTU-8000 diesel engines
Propulsion4 x Rolls-Royce KaMeWa 125MkII waterjets
Speed35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph), max 43 knots (80 km/h; 49 mph)
Capacity866 passengers, 282 cars
Crew21

HST-2, formerly named USNS Puerto Rico and Alakai, is a vessel owned by the United States Navy Military Sealift Command. She was originally Hawaii Superferry's first high-speed ferry. The vessel was later chartered by Bay Ferries Limited to operate a ferry service between Maine and Yarmouth, Nova Scotia.

The design of the Spearhead-class expeditionary fast transport is similar to the two high-speed ferries operated by Hawaii Superferry, both built by Austal USA.

Vessel

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HST-2 was built as Alakai, which means "sea path" in the Hawaiian language. The vessel is a 349-foot (106 m) long high-speed roll-on/roll-off (Ro/Ro) passenger and vehicle ferry. She used to operate a daily service operated by Hawaii Superferry at a speed of 35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph) between the islands of Oahu and Maui. HST-2 has a capacity of 866 passengers and up to 282 subcompact cars. Alternately, its vehicle decks can be reconfigured in five minutes to carry up to 20 large trucks and 90 cars.[1]

Like her sister ship USNS Guam (formerly Huakai), the vessel features environmentally friendly technologies including non-toxic bottom paint, zero wastewater discharge and clean diesel engines.[2]

Hawaii Superferry's vessels were designed and built by Austal USA, a subsidiary of Austal, an Australian company that is the world's largest builder of fast ferries. Construction on HST-2 began in June 2004 in Mobile, Alabama. The ship was launched in January 2007, christened in April 2007 and sea trials went smoothly.

Starting service

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The vessel arrived as Alakai in Honolulu, Hawaii on June 30, 2007, with a celebration,[3] after a smooth 17-day delivery voyage.[4] The ship's maiden voyage was on August 26, 2007, and the trip to Maui was smooth. The voyage to Kauai was rougher and Alakai was met by about a dozen protestors on surfboards blockading the entrance to Nawiliwili Harbor. The protestors were peacefully cleared by the United States Coast Guard.

2008 dry dock

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On February 13, 2008, Alakai went into dry dock to make repairs to her auxiliary rudders that were damaged in late January. The dry docking was extended due to hull damage caused when a tugboat moving Alakai into dry dock lost power and collided heavily with the catamaran.[5] Alakai returned to service in early April 2008 shortly after Aloha Airlines ended service.[6] Before resuming service the ship went through sea trials and was re-certified by the Coast Guard.

2009 shut down

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On March 17, 2009, after about 11 months in service, the Hawaii Supreme Court ruled that the legislation permitting Alakai to operate without an environmental review was unconstitutional. Hawaii Superferry made one last round trip to allow an orderly return of passengers who were not on their home island. They canceled existing reservations and did not take new reservations. The Superferry company intended to look for other work for Alakai; it had also left open the possibility of bringing the ferry back into service if and when Hawaii completed an environmental review, but the company decided to abandon the vessel ending all possibilities of returning to Hawaii.[7]

In January 2010, the United States Maritime Administration announced that Huakai and Alakai would be used to assist with relief in the 2010 Haiti earthquake.[8][9][10]

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On September 13, 2010, Huakai and Alakai were auctioned off, for $25 million each, by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. They were purchased by the U.S. Department of Transportation's Maritime Administration.[11]

On January 27, 2012, the U.S. Department of Transportation's Maritime Administration transferred two high speed vessels, Huakai and Alakai, to the U.S. Navy under the Defense Authorization Act of 2012.[12] The Navy had planned to use the vessels to transport troops and equipment to training areas from Okinawa and other locations, helping the Navy meet the unique operational requirements without the need to build new vessels.[13]

In May 2012, the Navy announced that both Alakai and Huakai had been renamed. Alakai was to be named USNS Puerto Rico and Huakai was to be named USNS Guam.[14] Guam was modified to replace the chartered Westpac Express in Okinawa in March 2013, and Puerto Rico remained laid up until 2016.

On August 19, 2012, HST-2 (then USNS Puerto Rico) was towed from Norfolk, Virginia to Philadelphia, to keep it safe from hurricanes while future uses for the vessel were being evaluated.[15]

On February 5, 2016, the U.S. Secretary of the Navy removed the name Puerto Rico from the vessel.[16] The name Puerto Rico was subsequently reassigned to USNS Puerto Rico (T-EPF-11) on December 14, 2016.[17]

Austal USA shifted its entire effort after 2009 to U.S. Navy construction of the similar Joint High Speed Vessels (JHSVs) and 12 Littoral Combat Ships (LCSs) with the experience building the high speed ferries as a feature in winning those contracts.[18]

Gulf of Maine ferry service

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On March 24, 2016, Bay Ferries Limited announced that it had reached an agreement with the U.S. Maritime Administration and the U.S. Navy for a multi-year charter of HST-2. The vessel would be operated for a passenger/vehicle ferry service in the Gulf of Maine between Portland, Maine and Yarmouth, Nova Scotia and retain the name HST-2, but the service and vessel would be branded as The CAT to align with previous branding used when Bay Ferries operated a high-speed passenger/vehicle ferry on the same route six years prior.[19] The vessel underwent a refit at the Detyens Shipyard in South Carolina and the service started on June 15, 2016.[19][20][21]

At the end of the 2018 season, it was announced that the ferry would be departing from the town of Bar Harbor, rather than Portland.[22][23] Service along this new route was originally expected to begin in summer 2019, but was delayed due to construction work at the Bar Harbor marina.[23] Service was then canceled during both the 2020 and 2021 seasons due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[24] After three years out of port, The CAT returned to sail from Yarmouth on May 19, 2022,[25] providing service to Bar Harbor, Maine for the first time in 13 years.[26]

References

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  1. ^ "Alakai weighs anchor". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. August 26, 2007. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  2. ^ Hawaii Superferry - Eco-friendly Features Archived February 13, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Shikina, Robert (July 1, 2007). "Superferry!". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Archived from the original on December 4, 2008. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
  4. ^ "'Alakai' superferry speeds towards Hawaii". CDNN. June 29, 2007. Archived from the original on July 20, 2008. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  5. ^ "BYM Marine & Maritime Defence News". bymnews.com. Archived from the original on August 17, 2016. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  6. ^ Wilson, Christie (March 9, 2008). "Superferry in drydock till April 22". The Honolulu Advertiser. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  7. ^ Dicus, Howard (July 1, 2009). "Hawaii Superferry abandons ship, and other bankruptcies in the news". KGMB9.com. Howzit Howard. Honolulu, Hawaii: KGMB9. Archived from the original on October 9, 2009. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
  8. ^ Maritime Administration Prepares Five Ships For Duty, U.S. Department of Transportation, January 18, 2010 Archived January 22, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ "Secretary LaHood Announces Additional Fast Ferry Mobilized for Haiti" (Press release). United States Department of Transportation. January 20, 2010. Archived from the original on May 28, 2013. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
  10. ^ "New ferry expected to make Portland-Yarmouth trip in 5½ hours". The Portland Press Herald. The Associated Press. March 24, 2016. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
  11. ^ "U.S. buys more high-speed vessels". navytimes.com. Retrieved July 10, 2016. [dead link]
  12. ^ "Defense Authorization Act funds transfer of ex-Superferries to Navy". MarineLog. December 19, 2011. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  13. ^ "Navy Gets Two High Speed Vessels from Maritime Administration" (Press release). United States Department of Transportation. January 27, 2012. Archived from the original on February 3, 2012. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
  14. ^ "Secretary of the Navy Names High Speed Ferries Guam and Puerto Rico – May 2012". Archived from the original on October 25, 2012.
  15. ^ Seward, Zack (September 5, 2012). "Why is a Hawaiian 'superferry' docked at the Philadelphia Navy Yard?". newsworks.org. Archived from the original on August 13, 2016. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  16. ^ "No Name (HST 2)". Naval Vessel Register. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
  17. ^ "Secretary of the Navy Names Three Vessels" (Press release). U.S. Department of Defense. December 14, 2016. Retrieved December 25, 2016.
  18. ^ Keating, Edward G.; Danescu, Irina; Jenkins, Dan; Black, James; Murphy, Robert; Peetz, Deborah; Bana, Sarah H. (2015). The Economic Consequences of Investing in Shipbuilding: Case Studies in the United States and Sweden (PDF). Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, National Defense Research Institute. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-8330-9036-2. LCCN 2015939206. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 4, 2021. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
  19. ^ a b "US Navy to lease high-speed transport to Bay Ferries". professionalmariner.com. March 24, 2016. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  20. ^ "The Cat expected to start ferry service in Maine in mid-June". The Portland Press Herald. May 25, 2016. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  21. ^ Cbs 13 (June 16, 2016). "High-speed ferry begins service in Portland". Bangor Daily News. Retrieved July 10, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  22. ^ "Future of Portland's ferry service remains uncertain". News Center Maine. Associated Press. November 24, 2021. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  23. ^ a b "Maine-Nova Scotia ferry service further delayed". News Center Maine. Associated Press. July 16, 2019. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  24. ^ Gabrielle Mannino (February 4, 2021). "For 3rd year, ferry from Maine to Nova Scotia is canceled". News Center Maine. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
  25. ^ "The CAT Schedule". Bay Ferries Limited. February 26, 2020. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
  26. ^ "The Cat ferry resumes service to Bar Harbor after 13-year hiatus". newscentermaine.com. May 19, 2022. Retrieved May 26, 2022.
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