Guettarda
| Guettarda | |
|---|---|
| |
| Guettarda speciosa | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Rubiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cinchonoideae |
| Tribe: | Guettardeae |
| Genus: | Guettarda L. (1753) |
| Type species | |
| Guettarda speciosa L.
| |
| Species[1] | |
|
145; see text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Guettarda is a plant genus in the family Rubiaceae. Most of these plants are known by the common name velvetseed.
Distribution
[edit]Most of the species are Neotropical.[2] Twenty are found in New Caledonia and one reaches Australia.[3] A few others are found on islands and in coastal areas of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is a tree of coastal habitats, up to 18 m (59 ft) in height.
Taxonomy
[edit]Three species (G. odorata, G. scabra, G. speciosa) are known in cultivation.[4] Guettarda argentea provides edible fruit.[2] The type species for the genus is Guettarda speciosa.[5]
Guettarda was named by Linnaeus in 1753 in his book Species Plantarum.[6][7] This generic name is in honour of the 18th century French naturalist Jean-Étienne Guettard.[8]
The genus Guettarda is much in need of revision. Molecular phylogenetic studies have found it to be several times polyphyletic with some of its clades paraphyletic over small genera.[9]
Species
[edit]Plants of the World Online currently accepts 145 species, which are listed below.[1] Other estimates of the number of species range from about 50[4] to 162.[10]
- Guettarda abbottii Urb.
- Guettarda aculeolata Urb.
- Guettarda adulterina Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda amblyophylla Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda andamanica Goel & Mehrotra
- Guettarda angelica Martius
- Guettarda angustata Urb. & Ekman[11]
- Guettarda apiculata Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda argentea Lam.
- Guettarda aromatica Poepp.
- Guettarda artensis Guillaumin
- Guettarda baladensis Guillaumin
- Guettarda baltenweckii Urb.
- Guettarda baracoensis Bisse
- Guettarda barahonensis Urb.
- Guettarda blanchetiana Müll.Arg.
- Guettarda brenesii Standl.
- Guettarda brevinodis Urb.
- Guettarda caatingae Suess.
- Guettarda cahosiana Urb. & Ekman[12]
- Guettarda calcicola Britton
- Guettarda calyptrata A.Rich.
- Guettarda camagueyensis Britton
- Guettarda clarensis Britton
- Guettarda coatzacoalcensis Ramos & Borhidi
- Guettarda cobrensis Standl.
- Guettarda colubrinoides Standl.
- Guettarda comata Standley
- Guettarda combsii Urb.
- Guettarda comosa Müll.Arg.
- Guettarda cordata Kunth
- Guettarda coxiana Britton
- Guettarda crassipes Britton
- Guettarda crenulata Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda cueroensis Britton
- Guettarda davidseorum Lorence
- Guettarda dealbata M.Martens & Galeotti
- Guettarda deamii Standl.
- Guettarda dictyophylla Urb.
- Guettarda divaricata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult.) Standl.
- Guettarda duckei Standl.
- Guettarda ekmanii Borhidi
- Guettarda elegans Urb.
- Guettarda elliptica Sprengel – oval-leaf velvetseed
- Guettarda elongata Borhidi, K.Velasco & Vásq.-Mart.
- Guettarda erosa Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda excisa Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda ferox Standl.
- Guettarda ferruginea Griseb.
- Guettarda filipes Standl.
- Guettarda foliacea Standl.
- Guettarda frangulifolia Urban
- Guettarda frondosa Moritz ex Standl.
- Guettarda fusca Pancher ex Baill.
- Guettarda gaumeri Standl.
- Guettarda grazielae M.R.Barbosa
- Guettarda guerrerensis Borhidi
- Guettarda hermosa Blanco
- Guettarda heterosepala Guillaumin
- Guettarda hoffmannseggii Müll.Arg.
- Guettarda humboldtensis Guillaumin
- Guettarda hypoglauca Standl.
- Guettarda inaequipes Urb.
- Guettarda insularis Brandegee
- Guettarda krugii Urban
- Guettarda lacornea Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda lamprophylla Urb.
- Guettarda lanuginosa Urb. & Britton
- Guettarda leai Ridl.
- Guettarda leonis Alain
- Guettarda lindeniana A.Rich.
- Guettarda longiflora Grisebach
- Guettarda macrantha Benth.
- Guettarda macrosperma Donn.Sm.
- Guettarda malacophylla Standl.
- Guettarda mattogrossensis S.Moore
- Guettarda membranacea Sw.
- Guettarda mephitica Guillaumin
- Guettarda mollis DC.
- Guettarda monocarpa Urb.
- Guettarda multinervis Urb.
- Guettarda munizii Borhidi
- Guettarda nannocarpa Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda nashii Britton & Millsp.
- Guettarda nervosa Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda ocoana Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda ocoteifolia Standl.
- Guettarda odorata Lamarck
- Guettarda organosia Urb.
- Guettarda ovalifolia Urb.
- Guettarda oxyphylla Urb.
- Guettarda paludosa Müll.Arg.
- Guettarda parallelineura Guillaumin
- Guettarda pinariona Urb.
- Guettarda platypoda DC.
- Guettarda pohliana Müll.Arg.
- Guettarda polytheca Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda preneloupii Urb.
- Guettarda psiloclada Urb.
- Guettarda punctata Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda pungens Urb.
- Guettarda quadrifida Borhidi & Reyes-García
- Guettarda ramuliflora Beurl.
- †Guettarda retusa C. Wright – Cuban guettarda tree – extinct (1869)[13]
- Guettarda rhabdocalyx Müll.Arg.
- Guettarda rhamnifolia Standl.
- Guettarda rigida A.Rich.
- Guettarda roigiana Borhidi & O.Muñiz
- Guettarda rotundifolia Urb.
- Guettarda roupaliifolia Rusby
- Guettarda rusbyi Standl.
- Guettarda sageretioides Ant.Molina
- Guettarda sanblasensis Dwyer
- Guettarda saxicola Urb.
- Guettarda scabra Lamarck – rough-leaf velvetseed
- Guettarda sciaphila Urb.
- Guettarda sericea Müll.Arg.
- Guettarda shaferi Standl.
- Guettarda sierrae P.A.González & J.L.Gómez
- Guettarda sotonunezii Borhidi, E.Martínez & Ramos
- Guettarda speciosa L. – beach gardenia
- Guettarda spinifera Urb.
- Guettarda splendens Baill.
- Guettarda spruceana Müll.Arg.
- Guettarda stenophylla Urb.
- Guettarda subcapitata C.M.Taylor
- Guettarda tenuiramis Urb.
- Guettarda tikalana Lundell
- Guettarda tobagensis Urb.
- Guettarda torbeciana Urb. & Ekman
- Guettarda tortuensis Urb. & Ekman[14]
- Guettarda trimera Guillaumin
- Guettarda turpinii Urb.
- Guettarda umbellata Spreng.
- Guettarda undulata Griseb.
- Guettarda urbanii Ekman
- Guettarda uruguayensis Chamisso & Schlechtendal – Uruguayan jasmine
- Guettarda valenzuelana A.Rich.
- Guettarda velutina Zahlbr.
- Guettarda viburnoides Cham. & Schltdl.
- Guettarda vieillardii Guillaumin
- Guettarda vulpina Borhidi
- Guettarda wagapensis Guillaumin
- Guettarda wayaensis R.O.Gardner
Formerly placed here
[edit]- Tinadendron noumeanum (Baill.) Achille (as Guettarda noumeana Baill.)
- Tournefortiopsis crispiflora subsp. discolor (Rusby) A.C.Berger & C.M.Taylor (as Guettarda ochreata Schechtendal)
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Guettarda L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
- ^ a b David J. Mabberley. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4
- ^ W. Rodger Elliot; David L. Jones; Trevor L. Blake (1990). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants Suitable for Cultivation: Vol. 5. Port Melbourne: Lothian Press. p. 162. ISBN 0-85091-285-7.
- ^ a b Anthony J. Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (editors). 1992. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. The Macmillan Press Limited, London; The Stockton Press, New York. ISBN 978-0-333-47494-5 (set)
- ^ Guettarda In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
- ^ Guettarda in International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).
- ^ Carl Linnaeus. 1753. Species Plantarum (Species plantarum : exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas / Caroli Linnæe.): 2:991. Holmiae: Impensis Laurentii Salvii: Stockholm, Sweden. (see External links below).
- ^ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume II. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2676-9. (vol. II).
- ^ Ulrika Manns and Birgitta Bremer. 2010. "Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56(1):21-39. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002
- ^ Guettarda At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Kew Gardens Website. (see External links below).
- ^ Timyan, J. (2021). "Guettarda angustata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T121947222A121986360. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T121947222A121986360.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ Timyan, J. (2021). "Guettarda cahosiana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T121947309A121986375. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T121947309A121986375.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ Gonzalez-Oliva, L. (2020). "Guettarda retusa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T38848A149816916. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T38848A149816916.en. Retrieved 14 November 2021.
- ^ Timyan, J. (2021). "Guettarda tortuensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T121947426A121986450. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T121947426A121986450.fr. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
External links
[edit]- Guettarda At: Search Page At: World Checklist of Rubiaceae At: Index by Team At: Projects At: Science Directory At: Scientific Research and Data At: Kew Gardens
- Guettarda In: Volume 2 Of: Species Plantarum At: Titles beginning with "S" At: Biodiversity Heritage Library
- Guettarda At: Index Nominum Genericorum At: References At: NMNH Department of Botany At: Research and Collections At: Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
- Guettarda At: Guettardeae At: Cinchonoideae At: Rubiaceae In: ··· Embryophyta At: Streptophytina At: Streptophyta At: Viridiplantae At: Eudaryota At: Taxonomy At: UniProt
- Guettarda At: Annotated Checklist of Cultivated Plants of Hawaii At: Botany Databases At: HBS Databases At: HBS At: Research and Collections Archived 2010-12-14 at the Wayback Machine At: Bishop Museum