Guepiniopsis alpina
| Guepiniopsis alpina | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Division: | |
| Class: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | |
| Species: | G. alpina
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| Binomial name | |
| Guepiniopsis alpina (Tracy & Earle) Brasf. (1938)
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Guepinia alpina Tracy & Earle (1901) | |
Guepiniopsis alpina | |
|---|---|
 | Smooth hymenium |
 | No distinct cap |
 | Hymenium attachment is irregular or not applicable |
 | Stipe is bare |
 | Ecology is saprotrophic |
 | Edibility is unknown |
Guepiniopsis alpina, commonly known as the jelly cup, alpine jelly cone, or poor man's gumdrop, is a species of fungus in the family Dacrymycetaceae. The small, gelatinous fruit bodies are orange and cone- or cup-shaped. Found in western North America, Sweden and Iran, the fungus grows on decaying conifer wood.
Taxonomy
[edit]The fungus was first described in 1901 by Samuel Mills Tracy and Franklin Sumner Earle under the name Guepinia alpina in 1901.[2] It was later transferred to Heterotextus in 1932,[3] and then to Guepiniopsis in 1938.[4]
It is commonly known as the "jelly cup",[5] "alpine jelly cone", or "poor man's gumdrop".[6]
Description
[edit]The fruit bodies are cone-shaped, measuring up to 1.5 cm (5⁄8 in) in diameter, and hang from a narrow attachment to the substrate. They are bright yellow to orange, with a gelatinous texture and a smooth and sticky surface on top, but have external hairs.[7] Dried fruit bodies deepen to reddish-orange and become hard.[8] The basidiospores are produced on the inner surface of the cup. In mass, the spores are yellowish. They are sausage shaped, measure 11–18 by 4–6 μm, and have three or four septa. Like all members of the Dacrymycetes, the basidia are Y-shaped.[6]
The edibility of G. alpina is unknown, but it is too small to be considered for the table.[8] It has been claimed to be edible, but tastes bland at best.[9] One guide classifies it as inedible.[10]
Species with which G. alpina could be confused include Bisporella citrina, Dacrymyces capitatus (up to 3 millimetres wide), and D. stillatus (never cone-shaped).[8][11] Guepiniopsis chrysocomus is a related species with a somewhat similar appearance. It has a yellow fruit body, larger spores, and uses rotting hardwood as a substrate.[6]
Habitat and distribution
[edit]The fruit bodies grow scattered, in groups, or clusters on decaying, bark-free conifer wood. A snowbank fungus, it is most common at higher elevations after snowmelt in the spring. It is found in North America west of the Rocky Mountains.[8] In 2010, it was recorded for the first time in Iran.[12]
References
[edit]- ^ "Guepiniopsis alpina (Tracy & Earle) Brasf. :225, 1938". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2013-09-12.
- ^ Greene EL. (1901). Plantae Bakerianae. Vol. 1. Washington, D.C. p. 23.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Martin GW. (1932). "On certain species of Heterotextus". Mycologia. 24 (2): 215–20. doi:10.2307/3753682. JSTOR 3753682.
- ^ Brasfield TW. (1938). "The Dacrymycetaceae of temperate North America". The American Midland Naturalist. 20 (1): 211–35. doi:10.2307/2485192. JSTOR 2485192.
- ^ McKnight VB, McKnight KH (1987). A Field Guide to Mushrooms: North America. Peterson Field Guides. Boston, Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin. p. 65. ISBN 0-395-91090-0.
- ^ a b c Arora D. (1986). Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi. Berkeley, California: Ten Speed Press. pp. 674. ISBN 0898151694.
- ^ Trudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Timber Press Field Guides. Portland, OR: Timber Press. pp. 272–273. ISBN 978-0-88192-935-5.
- ^ a b c d Davis RM, Sommer R, Menge JA (2012). Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America. University of California Press. pp. 307–8. ISBN 978-0-520-95360-4.
- ^ Meuninck, Jim (2017). Foraging Mushrooms Oregon: Finding, Identifying, and Preparing Edible Wild Mushrooms. Falcon Guides. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-4930-2669-2.
- ^ Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 358. ISBN 978-1-55407-651-2.
- ^ Audubon (2023). Mushrooms of North America. Knopf. p. 92. ISBN 978-0-593-31998-7.
- ^ Asef MR. (2010). "Guepiniopsis alpina، نخستين گزارش از جنس Guepiniopsis در ايران" [Guepiniopsis alpina, first record of the genus Guepiniopsis for Iran] (PDF). Rostaniha. 11 (1): 111.
External links
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