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Grapholita

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Grapholita
Adult (above) and caterpillar (below) of the plum fruit moth (G. funebrana) from the Nordisk familjebok. Scale is 1 cm.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Tortricidae
Subfamily: Olethreutinae
Tribe: Grapholitini
Genus: Grapholita
Treitschke, 1829
Type species
"Pyralis dorsana"
sensu Treitschke, 1829 (see text)
Diversity
126 species
Synonyms

Numerous, see text

Grapholita is a large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to subfamily Olethreutinae, and therein to the tribe Grapholitini, of which it is the type genus.[1]

Taxonomy and systematics

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Georg Friedrich Treitschke established Grapholita in 1829 – in the 7th volume of Schmetterlinge von Europa, with a type species he claimed to be "Pyralis dorsana", a taxon established by Johan Christian Fabricius in his 1775 Systema Entomologiae. But Treitschke was misled by Jacob Hübner's misidentification of Fabricius' moth.[2]

The actual P. dorsana is today known as Dichrorampha petiverella, as it had already been described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 edition of Systema Naturae as Phalaena (Tinea) petiverella. The "Pyralis dorsana" of Hübner and Treitschke was subsequently identified as the species described as Tortrix lunulana by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775, which thus is today Grapholita lunulana.[3]

Species

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Grapholita currently has 126 recognised species, though the genus' distinctness from and delimitation against Cydia is in need of further study:[4]

Synonyms

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Obsolete scientific names (junior synonyms and others) of Grapholita are:[7]

  • Aspila Stephens, 1834
  • Coptoloma Lederer, 1859
  • Ebisma Walker, 1866
  • Endopisa Guenée, 1845
  • Endopsia (lapsus)
  • Endopiza (lapsus)
  • Ephippiophora (lapsus)
  • Ephippiphora Duponchel, 1834
  • Eudopisa (lapsus)
  • Euspila Stephens, 1834
  • Grapholitha Treitschke, 1830 (unjustified emendation)
  • Grapholltha (lapsus)
  • Opadia Guenée, 1845
  • Stigmonota Guenée, 1845

Footnotes

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  1. ^ Baixeras et al. (2009a)
  2. ^ Treitschke, (1829), Baixeras et al. (2009a)
  3. ^ Baixeras et al. (2009a,c)
  4. ^ Baixeras et al. (2009b)
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Sometimes placed in Cydia: see e.g. references in Savela (2005a)
  6. ^ "'Grapholita' decolorana Archives". Australian Moths Online. Retrieved 2021-12-12.
  7. ^ Baixeras et al. (2009a), and see references in Savela (2005b)

References

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