Gomukha

Gomukha
Gomukha
	Gomukha, c. 8th century, Gurjara-Pratihara

In Jain cosmology, Gomukha is the guardian god or Yaksha (attendant deity) of Rishabhanatha, the first Tirthankara.^[1]^[2]

Legacy

Worship

Gomukha along with Dharanendra is the most popular yaksha in Jainism.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Iconography

According to Jain tradition, Gomukha is depicted as two or four armed yaksha riding on an elephant.^[6] As the name suggests, gomukha has the head of a bull.^[7]^[8] Gomukha carries a goad in left hand and noose in left. In other two lower arms gomukha carries varada and conch.^[9] The yaksha-yakshi pair sculptures of Gomukha-Chakreshwari are one of the most favoured along with Ambika-Sarvanubhuti and Dharanendra-Padmavati.^[10] The image of Gomukha yaksha in Ellora caves is noteworthy.^[11]

Gomukha at Dadabari, Mehrauli
Gomukha at Trilok Teerth Dham
Gomukha at Shri Atma Vallabh Jain Smarak

References

Citation

^ Bruhn 1969, p. 26.
^ Shah 1995, p. 18.
^ Campbell 1884, p. 117.
^ Kelting 2009, p. 240.
^ Pereira 1977, p. 29.
^ Shah 1987, p. 117.
^ Pereira 1977, p. 42.
^ Bruhn 1969, p. 24.
^ Shah 1987, p. 227.
^ Tiwari 1989, p. 13.
^ Pereira 1977, p. 61.

Source

Campbell, James M. (1884), Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Dháwár, Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency, vol. 22, Bombay: Government Central Press
Shah, Umakant Premanand (1987), Jaina-rūpa-maṇḍana: Jaina iconography, Abhinav Publications, ISBN 978-81-7017-208-6
Tiwari, Dr. Maruti Nandan Prasad (1989), Ambika in Jaina Art and Literature, Bharatiya Jnanpith
Kelting, M. Whitney (2009), Heroic Wives Rituals, Stories and the Virtues of Jain Wifehood, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780190452865
Pereira, Jose (1977), Monolithic Jinas: The Iconography of the Jain Temples of Ellora, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 9788120823976
Bruhn, Klaus (1969), The Jina-Images of Deograh, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Institute of South Asian archaeology
Shah, Umakant Premanand (1995), Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U.P. Shah, Abhinav Publications, ISBN 9788170173168

[FOOTNOTEBruhn196926-1] Bruhn 1969, p. 26.

[FOOTNOTEShah199518-2] Shah 1995, p. 18.

[FOOTNOTECampbell1884117-3] Campbell 1884, p. 117.

[FOOTNOTEKelting2009240-4] Kelting 2009, p. 240.

[FOOTNOTEPereira197729-5] Pereira 1977, p. 29.

[FOOTNOTEShah1987117-6] Shah 1987, p. 117.

[FOOTNOTEPereira197742-7] Pereira 1977, p. 42.

[FOOTNOTEBruhn196924-8] Bruhn 1969, p. 24.

[FOOTNOTEShah1987227-9] Shah 1987, p. 227.

[FOOTNOTETiwari198913-10] Tiwari 1989, p. 13.

[FOOTNOTEPereira197761-11] Pereira 1977, p. 61.

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v t e God in Jainism
Arihant ; Siddha ; Pañca-Parameṣṭhi
Tirthankara	Rishabhanatha Ajitanatha Sambhavanatha Abhinandananatha Sumatinatha Padmaprabha Suparshvanatha Chandraprabha Pushpadanta Shitalanatha Shreyansanatha Vasupujya Vimalanatha Anantanatha Dharmanatha Shantinatha Kunthunatha Aranatha Mallinatha Munisuvrata Naminatha Neminatha Parshvanatha Mahavira Simandhar Swami (other world)
Samanya	Bahubali Bharata Chakravartin Ganadhara Indrabhuti Gautama Sudharmaswami Jambuswami Nabhi Samudravijaya