GRIA1

GRIA1
Identifiers
Aliases	GRIA1, GLUH1, GLUR1, GLURA, GluA1, HBGR1, glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1, Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 1
External IDs	OMIM: 138248; MGI: 95808; HomoloGene: 20226; GeneCards: GRIA1; OMA:GRIA1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human) Band 5q33.2 Start 153,489,615 bp End 153,813,869 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse) Band 11 B1.3|11 34.51 cM Start 56,902,213 bp End 57,221,070 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in Region I of hippocampus proper optic nerve middle temporal gyrus ganglionic eminence paraflocculus of cerebellum ventricular zone right hemisphere of cerebellum entorhinal cortex prefrontal cortex Brodmann area 46 Top expressed in lateral septal nucleus subiculum dentate gyrus ventromedial nucleus Region I of hippocampus proper anterior amygdaloid area dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell hippocampus proper CA3 field entorhinal cortex More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function glutamate receptor activity PDZ domain binding AMPA glutamate receptor activity ion channel activity protein binding ionotropic glutamate receptor activity extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity excitatory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential amyloid-beta binding signaling receptor activity Cellular component integral component of membrane recycling endosome endocytic vesicle membrane postsynaptic membrane cell projection endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane synaptic vesicle postsynaptic density axonal spine plasma membrane dendritic spine synapse dendrite membrane cell surface cell junction soma dendrite endoplasmic reticulum dendritic spine membrane neuron spine ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane neuron projection AMPA glutamate receptor complex ionotropic glutamate receptor complex endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane Golgi membrane postsynapse postsynaptic density membrane endosome early endosome membrane somatodendritic compartment recycling endosome membrane synaptic membrane glutamatergic synapse integral component of postsynaptic density membrane Biological process receptor internalization ion transport endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport ion transmembrane transport COPII vesicle coating long-term memory transport long-term depression signal transduction chemical synaptic transmission ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway excitatory postsynaptic potential regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration chemical synaptic transmission, postsynaptic regulation of NMDA receptor activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2890 14799 Ensembl ENSG00000155511 ENSMUSG00000020524 UniProt P42261 P23818 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000827 NM_001114183 NM_001258019 NM_001258020 NM_001258021 NM_001258022 NM_001258023 NM_001364165 NM_001364166 NM_001364167 NM_001113325 NM_001252403 NM_008165 RefSeq (protein) NP_000818 NP_001107655 NP_001244948 NP_001244949 NP_001244950 NP_001244951 NP_001244952 NP_001351094 NP_001351095 NP_001351096 NP_001106796 NP_001239332 NP_032191 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 153.49 – 153.81 Mb Chr 11: 56.9 – 57.22 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Glutamate receptor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIA1 gene.

Function

Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. These receptors are heteromeric protein complexes with multiple subunits, each possessing transmembrane regions, and all arranged to form a ligand-gated ion channel. The classification of glutamate receptors is based on their activation by different pharmacologic agonists. The GRIA1 belongs to a family of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors. Each of the members (GRIA1–4) include flip and flop isoforms generated by alternative RNA splicing. The receptor subunits encoded by each isoform vary in their signal transduction properties. The isoform presented here is the flop isoform. In situ hybridization experiments showed that human GRIA1 mRNA is present in granule and pyramidal cells in the hippocampal formation.

GRIA1 (GluR1) is centrally involved in synaptic plasticity. Expression of the GluR1 gene is significantly reduced in the human frontal cortex with increasing age.

Interactions

GRIA1 has been shown to interact with:

• DLG1
• EPB41L2, and
• GRID2.

See also

• AMPA receptor

Further reading

• Sun W, Ferrer-Montiel AV, Schinder AF, McPherson JP, Evans GA, Montal M (1992). "Molecular cloning, chromosomal mapping, and functional expression of human brain glutamate receptors". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (4): 1443–1447. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.1443S. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.4.1443. PMC 48467. PMID 1311100.
• Potier MC, Spillantini MG, Carter NP (1992). "The human glutamate receptor cDNA GluR1: cloning, sequencing, expression and localization to chromosome 5". DNA Seq. 2 (4): 211–218. doi:10.3109/10425179209020805. PMID 1320959.
• Yakel JL, Vissavajjhala P, Derkach VA, Brickey DA, Soderling TR (1995). "Identification of a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II regulatory phosphorylation site in non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (5): 1376–1380. Bibcode:1995PNAS...92.1376Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.5.1376. PMC 42522. PMID 7877986.
• Eastwood SL, Burnet PW, Beckwith J, Kerwin RW, Harrison PJ (1994). "AMPA glutamate receptors and their flip and flop mRNAs in human hippocampus". NeuroReport. 5 (11): 1325–1328. doi:10.1097/00001756-199406270-00007. PMID 7919190.
• Roche KW, Raymond LA, Blackstone C, Huganir RL (1994). "Transmembrane topology of the glutamate receptor subunit GluR6". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (16): 11679–11682. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32623-6. PMID 8163463.
• McLaughlin DP, Cheetham ME, Kerwin RW (1993). "Expression of alternatively-spliced glutamate receptors in human hippocampus". Eur. J. Pharmacol. 244 (1): 89–92. doi:10.1016/0922-4106(93)90062-E. PMID 8420792.
• Roche KW, O'Brien RJ, Mammen AL, Bernhardt J, Huganir RL (1996). "Characterization of multiple phosphorylation sites on the AMPA receptor GluR1 subunit". Neuron. 16 (6): 1179–1188. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80144-0. PMID 8663994. S2CID 18608781.
• Brakeman PR, Lanahan AA, O'Brien R, Roche K, Barnes CA, Huganir RL, Worley PF (1997). "Homer: a protein that selectively binds metabotropic glutamate receptors". Nature. 386 (6622): 284–288. Bibcode:1997Natur.386..284B. doi:10.1038/386284a0. PMID 9069287. S2CID 4346579.
• Barria A, Derkach V, Soderling T (1998). "Identification of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II regulatory phosphorylation site in the alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate-type glutamate receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (52): 32727–32730. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.52.32727. PMID 9407043.
• Ripellino JA, Neve RL, Howe JR (1998). "Expression and heteromeric interactions of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor subunits in the developing and adult cerebellum". Neuroscience. 82 (2): 485–497. doi:10.1016/S0306-4522(97)00296-0. PMID 9466455. S2CID 23219004.
• Leonard AS, Davare MA, Horne MC, Garner CC, Hell JW (1998). "SAP97 is associated with the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor GluR1 subunit". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (31): 19518–19524. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.31.19518. PMID 9677374.
• Xiao B, Tu JC, Petralia RS, Yuan JP, Doan A, Breder CD, Ruggiero A, Lanahan AA, Wenthold RJ, Worley PF (1998). "Homer regulates the association of group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors with multivalent complexes of homer-related, synaptic proteins". Neuron. 21 (4): 707–716. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80588-7. PMID 9808458. S2CID 16431031.
• Montague AA, Greer CA (1999). "Differential distribution of ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits in the rat olfactory bulb". J. Comp. Neurol. 405 (2): 233–246. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19990308)405:2<233::AID-CNE7>3.0.CO;2-A. PMID 10023812. S2CID 1317987.
• Leuschner WD, Hoch W (1999). "Subtype-specific assembly of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor subunits is mediated by their n-terminal domains". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (24): 16907–16916. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.24.16907. PMID 10358037.
• Shi SH, Hayashi Y, Petralia RS, Zaman SH, Wenthold RJ, Svoboda K, Malinow R (1999). "Rapid spine delivery and redistribution of AMPA receptors after synaptic NMDA receptor activation". Science. 284 (5421): 1811–1816. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.376.3281. doi:10.1126/science.284.5421.1811. PMID 10364548.
• Rubio ME, Wenthold RJ (1999). "Calnexin and the immunoglobulin binding protein (BiP) coimmunoprecipitate with AMPA receptors". J. Neurochem. 73 (3): 942–948. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730942.x. PMID 10461883. S2CID 25957729.
• Stinehelfer S, Vruwink M, Burette A (2000). "Immunolocalization of mGluR1alpha in specific populations of local circuit neurons in the cerebral cortex". Brain Res. 861 (1): 37–44. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(00)01952-1. PMID 10751563. S2CID 38665483.

External links

• GRIA1+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.