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Geothermal springs of Nepal

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About 29 geothermal springs has been identified in Nepal mostly located in the banks of Mahakali, Karnali, Tila, Kaligandaki, Myagdi, Marshyangdi, Trishuli, Singhya, Budi khola near sila home and Bhotekoshi rivers.[1] Twenty three of them are officially recognized by the Nepal government.[2] The source of heat is the Main Central Thrust. [3]

The list of geo-thermal springs in Nepal is shown in the table below which includes the chemical composition along with temperature and pH.

Name Location Latitude Longitude Temperature (C) Flow (lps) pH Ca Mg Cl HCO3 CO3 TDS Na K Fe SO4 SiO2 B
Mayangdi Khola Thermal Springs.[4] Mayangdi 28 22 10N 83 30 34 E 40 2 8.13 2 17 350 270 1340 460 49 0.35 70 43 0.25
Kodari Thermal Springs [4] Rasuwa 27 56 33N 83 57 00E 42 5 7.3 60.12 20.67 31.5 6.21 trace 822 200 35 0.18 65 3.85 3.6
Rear Thermal Spring [4] Rear 27 55N 82 20E 33 1.5 8.5 8.5 44.08 11.55 21.08 nil 7.96 310 22 0.2 72 38 6
Surai Khola Thermal Spring [4] Surai 27 47N 82 15E 37 2 8.85 10.03 40.12 3.19 370 180 510 125 5.4 1.45 70 32.1 trace
Sribagar [5] Darchula 29.9N 80.6E 73 0.85 7 n.d. 8.5 34.2 n.d. 0 516 lOO 11 18.5 35 0
Sina-Tatopani [5] Darchula 29.9N 80.7E 0.76
Chamaliya [5] Darchula 29.7N 80.6E warm 0.25 7 n.d. n.d. 39.6 n.d. 0 1320 n.d. n.d. 10.7 10 n.d.
Bajhang-Tapoban [5] Bajhang 29.6N 81.2E warm 0.2 6 n.d. 10 50.1 n.d. 0 444 n.d. 22 25.9 16 0
Dhanchauri-Luma [5] Jumla 29.3N 82.3E 24 0.6 7 6.1 0.2 82 217 157 803 49 1.3 104 56 0
TilaNadi [5] Jumla 29.2N 82.1E 42 8 6 1.2 45 0 0 353 56 0 130 60 0
Jomsom [5] Jomsom 29.8N 83.7E 21 0.2 8 113 54 95.9 302 218 889.3 60 5.6 249 14.3 2.4
Mustang Tatopani [5] Tatopani-Mustang 28.5N 83.7E 71 1.8 7 102 30 555 387.5 280 1841 365 90 217 67.6 13
Sadhu Khola [5] Sadhu Khola 28.4N 84.2E 69 1.39 7 10 0.6 286 78 56.3 954 300 12 197 60 0
Chilime [5] Chilime 28.3N 85.3E 55 8 7 30 14 0 120 86.6 148 23 17 0 40 0

References

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  1. ^ Kaphle, Krishna P (2011). "Minerals Resources of Nepal and their present status". Journal of Nepal Geological Society.
  2. ^ Paudel, Devi Prasad (2019). "Present Status and Utilization of the Mineral Resources in Nepal". The Third Pole: Journal of Geography Education: 85–96. doi:10.3126/ttp.v18i0.28009. ISSN 2392-4322. S2CID 226774126.
  3. ^ Costa, Emanuele; Destefanis, Enrico; Groppo, Chiara; Mosca, Pietro; Kaphle, Krishna P.; Rolfo, Franco (2015). "Preliminary Chemical and Isotopic Characterization of High-Altitude Spring Waters from Eastern Nepal Himalaya". In Giorgio Lollino; Andrea Manconi; John Clague; Wei Shan; Marta Chiarle (eds.). Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 1. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 99–104. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-09300-0_19. hdl:2318/147787. ISBN 978-3-319-09300-0.
  4. ^ a b c d Bhattarai, Dinesh Raj (1980). "Some geothermal springs of Nepal". Tectonophysics. 62 (1–2): 7–11. Bibcode:1980Tectp..62....7B. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(80)90071-2. ISSN 0040-1951. Retrieved 2020-06-11.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Ranjit, Mahendra (1994). "Geothermal studies of some thermal springs in Nepal". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)