George Kingsmill
George Kingsmill | |
|---|---|
 | |
| High Constable of the Toronto Police Department | |
| In office 1835–1835 | |
| Preceded by | William Higgins |
| Succeeded by | James Stitt |
| In office 1837–1846 | |
| Preceded by | James Stitt |
| Succeeded by | Samuel Sherwood |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1808 Queen's County, Ireland |
| Died | 1852 (aged 43–44) Galt, Canada West |
| Occupation | Soldier, merchant |
George Kingsmill (1808–1852) was the High Constable of Toronto in 1835 and from 1837 to 1846.
Kingsmill was born in Queen's County, Ireland.[1] He joined the British Army and, after being decommissioned, settled in Toronto in 1829 and ran a provision store on Market Street where he supplied sailing vessels and steamers passing through the city's port.[1] He was appointed High Constable in 1835, was succeeded by James Stitt in 1836 and was then re-appointed to the position in 1837.[1]
In 1835, he was appointed the second High Constable of Toronto, however, he was the first to not also be the city's only constable. During his tenure, in 1835, the Toronto Police Department was first organized when the city retained five full-time constables, the first organized police force in Canada.[2] Kingsmill was a member of the Orange Order and he recruited his constables from the Order's ranks, a practice later found by a provincial commission of inquiry to have led the police to take a highly sectarian character.[3] This was a period of sectarian conflict in Toronto between the Protestant majority and the largely Irish Catholic minority and the police often supported their fellow Orangemen during anti-Catholic rioting. During the Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837, Kingsmill aided the Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada, Sir Francis Bond Head, in putting down the uprising.[4] and in the years following the 1837 Rebellion also were used by incumbent Tory politicians to break up meetings of Reformers.[5]
Kingsmill retired from business in 1842 and died in Galt in 1852.[1]
Kingsmill's nephew, Thomas Frazer Kingsmill, settled in London, Ontario and established Kingsmill's Department Store in 1865 which remained in operation until 2014.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Denis Larionov & Alexander Zhulin. "Read the eBook Landmarks of Canada. What art has done for Canadian history; a guide to the J. Ross Robertson historical collection in the Public reference library, Toronto, Canada. This catalogue of the by Toronto Public Libraries online for free (page 23 of 89)". ebooksread.com. Retrieved 26 August 2014.
- ^ "Today – Mar 11, 2011 – In Canadian History | Cape Breton News". caperfrasers.wordpress.com. 12 March 2011. Retrieved 26 August 2014.
- ^ De Lint, W.; Hall, A. (2009). Intelligent Control: Developments in Public Order Policing in Canada. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9780802038463.
- ^ a b Elliott, B.S. (1987). Irish Migrants in the Canadas: A New Approach. MQUP. ISBN 9780773569928.
- ^ "History of the Toronto Police Part 1: 1834 - 1860". russianbooks.org. Retrieved 26 August 2014.
- 19th-century police officers
- Businesspeople from County Laois
- Toronto police chiefs
- Pre-Confederation Ontario people
- Irish emigrants to pre-Confederation Ontario
- Irish Protestants
- Upper Canada Rebellion people
- 1808 births
- 1852 deaths
- 19th-century British Army personnel
- 19th-century Canadian businesspeople
- Immigrants to Upper Canada
- Irish soldiers in the British Army
- Police officers from County Laois
- Military personnel from County Laois