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Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Coordinates: 30°02′58″N 101°57′44″E / 30.0495°N 101.9623°E / 30.0495; 101.9623
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30°02′58″N 101°57′44″E / 30.0495°N 101.9623°E / 30.0495; 101.9623

Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
甘孜州
Autonomous prefecture
Chinese transcription(s)
 • Chinese characters甘孜藏族自治州
(abbreviation: 甘孜州)
 • Hanyu pinyinGānzī Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu
(abbreviation: Gānzī Zhōu)
Tibetan transcription(s)
 • Tibetan scriptདཀར་མཛེས་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་།
 • Wylie transliterationdkar mdzes bod rigs rang skyong khul
 • Tibetan pinyinGarzê Poirig Ranggyong Kü
Larung Gar
Larung Gar
Location of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan
Location of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan
CountryChina
ProvinceSichuan
Prefecture seatKangding
Government
 • TypeAutonomous prefecture
 • CCP SecretaryLiu Chengming
 • Congress ChairmanXiang Qiu
 • GovernorXiao Youcai
 • CPPCC ChairmanShu Dachun
Area
 • Total
147,681.37 km2 (57,020.10 sq mi)
Population
 (2020 census[1])
 • Total
1,107,431
 • Density7.5/km2 (19/sq mi)
GDP[2]
 • TotalCN¥ 21.3 billion
US$ 3.4 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 18,423
US$ 2,958
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
ISO 3166 codeCN-SC-33
Websitewww.gzz.gov.cn
Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Chinese name
Chinese甘孜藏族自治州
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGānzī Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu
Abbreviation
Chinese甘孜州
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinGānzī Zhōu
Tibetan name
Tibetanདཀར་མཛེས་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་།
Transcriptions
Wyliedkar mdzes bod rigs rang skyong khul
Tibetan PinyinGarzê Poirig Ranggyong Kü

Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,[a] often shortened to Ganzi Prefecture,[b] is an autonomous prefecture in the western arm of Sichuan province, China bordering Yunnan to the south, the Tibet Autonomous Region to the west, and Gansu to the north and northwest.[3]

The prefecture's area is 151,078 square kilometres (58,332 sq mi). The population is approximately 880,000, with Tibetans accounting for 77.8% of the total population. The capital city of Garzê is Kangding (Dartsedo).

History

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Garzê was traditionally part of the historical region of Kham.

During the period of rule by the Republic of China (1912–49), Garzê became nominally part of the province of Xikang, which included parts of former Kham.

In 1930, the Tibetan army invaded Garzê, capturing it without much resistance. However, in 1932, the Tibetan army withdrew after suffering defeats elsewhere at the hands of the warlord of Qinghai, Ma Bufang.[4][5] Chinese warlord Liu Wenhui reoccupied Garzê, and signed an agreement with the Tibetans formalizing his control of the area east of the upper Yangtze, which corresponds roughly with eastern Kham (see Sino-Tibetan War).[6]

In 1950, following the defeat of the Kuomintang forces by the People's Liberation Army, the area fell within the control of the People's Republic of China. Eastern Xikang was merged with Sichuan in 1955, where Garzê became an Autonomous Prefecture.[citation needed]

Population

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According to the census of 2000, Garzê had a registered population of 897,239 (population density: 5.94 people/km2).

nationality population proportion
Tibetans 703,168 78.37%
Han Chinese 163,648 18.24%
Yi 22,946 2.56%
Qiang 2,860 0.32%
Hui 2,190 0.24%
Naxi 760 0.08%
Mongolians 477 0.05%
Bai 292 0.03%
others 898 0.11%

Languages

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Garzê is linguistically diverse, having many variants of Tibetan as well as several Qiangic languages:

Religion

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Tibetan Buddhism is historically the predominant religion practiced in Garzê.[7] Some notable Gompas here include:

Subdivisions

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Garzê comprises 1 county-level city and 17 counties:

# Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Tibetan Wylie Population
(2010 Census) 		Area (km2) Density
(/km2)
1 Kangding City 康定市 Kāngdìng Shì དར་མདོ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར་ dar mdo grong khyer 130,142 11,486 11.33
2 Luding County 泸定县 Lúdìng Xiàn ལྕགས་ཟམ་རྫོང་ lcags zam rdzong 83,386 2,165 38.51
3 Danba County 丹巴县 Dānbā Xiàn རོང་བྲག་རྫོང་ rong brag rdzong 59,696 4,656 12.82
4 Jiulong County 九龙县 Jiǔlóng Xiàn བརྒྱད་ཟུར་རྫོང་ brgyad zur rdzong 62,133 6,766 9.18
5 Yajiang County 雅江县 Yǎjiāng Xiàn ཉག་ཆུ་རྫོང་ nyag chu rdzong 50,225 7,558 6.64
6 Dawu County (Daofu County) 道孚县 Dàofú Xiàn རྟ་འུ་རྫོང་ rta 'u rdzong 55,396 7,053 7.85
7 Luhuo County 炉霍县 Lúhuò Xiàn བྲག་འགོ་རྫོང་ brag 'go rdzong 46,558 4,601 10.11
8 Garzê County (Ganzi County) 甘孜县 Gānzī Xiàn དཀར་མཛེས་རྫོང་ dkar mdzes rdzong 68,523 7,303 9.38
9 Xinlong County 新龙县 Xīnlóng Xiàn ཉག་རོང་རྫོང་ nyag rong rdzong 50,393 8,570 5.88
10 Dêgê County (Dege County) 德格县 Dégé Xiàn སྡེ་དགེ་རྫོང་ sde dge rdzong 81,503 11,025 7.39
11 Baiyü County 白玉县 Báiyù Xiàn དཔལ་ཡུལ་རྫོང་ dpal yul rdzong 56,290 10,386 5.41
12 Sêrxü County (Shiqu County) 石渠县 Shíqú Xiàn སེར་ཤུལ་རྫོང་ ser shul rdzong 80,834 24,944 3.24
13 Sêrtar County (Seda County) 色达县 Sèdá Xiàn གསེར་ཐར་རྫོང་ gser thar rdzong 58,606 9,332 6.28
14 Litang County 理塘县 Lǐtáng Xiàn ལི་ཐང་རྫོང་ li thang rdzong 69,046 13,677 5.04
15 Batang County 巴塘县 Bātáng Xiàn འབའ་ཐང་རྫོང་ 'ba' thang rdzong 48,649 7,852 6.19
16 Xiangcheng County 乡城县 Xiāngchéng Xiàn ཕྱག་འཕྲེང་རྫོང་ phyag 'phreng rdzong 33,170 5,016 6.61
17 Daocheng County 稻城县 Dàochéng Xiàn འདབ་པ་རྫོང་ 'dab pa rdzong 31,113 7,323 4.24
18 Dêrong County 得荣县 Déróng Xiàn སྡེ་རོང་རྫོང་ sde rong rdzong 26,209 2,916 8.98

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^
    • Chinese: 甘孜藏族自治州; pinyin: Gānzī Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu
    • Tibetan: དཀར་མཛེས་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་, Wylie: dkar mdzes bod rigs rang skyong khul, THL: Kardzé Börik Rangkyongkhül, ZYPY: Garzê Poirig Ranggyong Kü
  2. ^ Chinese: 甘孜州; pinyin: Gānzī Zhōu

References

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  1. ^ 四川省第七次全国人口普查公报（第二号） [The Seventh National Population Census Bulletin of Sichuan Province (No. 2)] (in Simplified Chinese). Sichuan Statistics Bureau. Archived from the original on 24 August 2021. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
  2. ^ 四川省统计局、国家统计局四川调查总队 (September 2016). 《四川统计年鉴－2016》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-7871-1.
  3. ^ Xue, Linping; Pan, Xi; Wang, Xin; Zhou, Honghong (2021-06-01). Traditional Chinese Villages: Beautiful Nostalgia. Springer Nature. p. 173. ISBN 978-981-336-154-6.
  4. ^ 曲, 青山 (1991). "关于青藏战争的起因问题". 青海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版) (2): 107–110+116. doi:10.16229/j.cnki.issn1000-5102.1991.02.019. ISSN 1000-5102.
  5. ^ 曲, 青山 (1990). "关于青藏战争的时间问题" [The Timing of the Qinghai War]. 青海师范大学学报: 103–106. doi:10.16229/j.cnki.issn1000-5102.1990.03.019.
  6. ^ Hanzhang Ya, Ya Hanzhang (1991). The biographies of the Dalai Lamas. Foreign Languages Press. pp. 352, 355. ISBN 0-8351-2266-2. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
  7. ^ Pogrebnyak, Yulia; Hou, Runan (2023-02-10). Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Language, Communication and Culture Studies (ICLCCS 2022). Springer Nature. p. 208. ISBN 978-2-494069-27-5.
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