Fort Stevens (New York)
| Fort Stevens | |
|---|---|
| Part of Fortifications of NYC during the War of 1812 | |
| Hell Gate, New York City in United States | |
 US Army Corps of Engineers outline of Fort Stevens from 1814 | |
| Type | Artillery battery |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1814 |
| Built for | War of 1812 |
| In use | Until 1815 |
| Fate | Abandoned |
| Demolished | 1982 (last building) |
| Garrison information | |
| Past commanders | Ebenezer Stevens |
Fort Stevens was a fort on Hallett's Point, Queens, along the East River, constructed in 1814. The fort included a blockhouse on Mill Rock in the River at Hell Gate. Plans from February 1776 showed earlier forts on both sides of the East River. Opposite Fort Stevens was Horn's Hook Battery. These earlier fortifications may have dated from 1776.[1]
History
[edit]
Prior to the construction of the fort the location was used by the British during the American revolution as a battery to bombard New York City after the battle of long island.[2] The fort was named after Ebenezer Stevens, its only commander.[3] Stevens, a revolutionary general in service to George Washington came out of retirement during the War of 1812 with the fort being built during the war to protect the east river from a prospective British invasion.[4] The fort's cornerstone was laid by then mayor De Witt Clinton and the fort was designed to be temporary and consisted of 12 guns.[5][6] Another fort was built just to the southwest in the Astora Cove called Castle Bogardus.[6]
Unlike other temporary forts from the time which where made of timber Fort Stevens was made of stone, however, due to the fort's low lying location right on the water of the East River, it's practical defense capabilities were low as the fort was designed to thwart one off raiders. Behind the fort on the hill overlooking it was another defensive structure, Halletts Point Tower, which would've protected the fort from a ground assault.[7]
The fort would be decommissioned after the war in 1815 when the British threat passed.[5] By 1836 Hallett’s Cove Village a small settlement of about 20 to 30 dwellings was built around the abandoned fort including an Episcopalian church.[6] This village would eventually develop into the Astoria neighborhood of Queens.[4]
Part of the fort remained in operation as a light house complete with a lighthouse keeper's residence until 1982.[3][4] Today the site of the fort is home to Whitey Ford Field, a park managed by the NYC Department of Parks and Recreation named after Whitey Ford.[4] A navigational beacon continues to guide ships at the edge of the field.[3]
The former site of the fort, and the current baseball field, is the subject to redevelopment debates, with a 2,400 unit apartment complex being built adjacent to the site, and plans for a ferry service and major refurbishment at the field.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ "Forts". New York State Military Museum. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
- ^ Antos, Jason. "Astoria Cove Has Rocky History". queensscene. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
- ^ a b c Marzlock, Ron. "A guiding light in Qns.extinguished by the LPC". Queens Chronicle. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
- ^ a b c d "OLD ASTORIA". Old Astoria. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
- ^ a b "New York City II". northamericanforts. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
- ^ a b c "HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES" (PDF). New York City. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
- ^ "Thursday, April 30, 2020 Hoffman and Swinburne Islands". Roosevelt Island Historical Society. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
- ^ "Local Group Forms with Big Plans for Field on Hallets Point". astoria post. Retrieved 22 October 2024.